Question

20．You're rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk．Do you stop to help？In a study of by-standers，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved．
"There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed．"says a psychologist．"The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help．In order to take action，you have to work against them．"Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping．
●Why should I be the one？I'm probably not the most competent（有能力的） person in this crowd．You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance．
●What if he doesn't really need my help？The fear of embarrassment is powerful； no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others．
●No one else looks concerned-this must not be a problem．We can follow the people around us，but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public．
"If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on，"says the psychologist．"Then retry to involve other people； you don't have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful．Sometimes it's just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying，‘It looks like we should do something．'Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and，if not，to call for one．Once you take action，most people will follow you．"
56．Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others？B
A．I'm not the very person capable of setting the problem．
B．It looks like we should do something．
C．It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned．
D．He doesn't really need my help．
57．According to a study of by-standers，what will some people do when a man ahead falls down on the sidewalk？C
A．They will call for help and then walk away．
B．They will stop and offer help．
C．They will turn away their eyes and go on walking．
D．They will laugh at him．
58．We learn from the last paragraph that if we spot trouble，C．
A．we should call the ambulance as soon as we can．
B．we should take on the whole responsibility and do something alone．
C．we should stop and evaluate the situation and try to make other people follow．
D．we should turn to other people and ask them to take on the responsibility
59．In order to offer others your timely help，you need toD．
A．ask others for help and call the police
B．get along well with the passers-by who spot the trouble
C．go directly to the police station
D．work against the first thoughts that prevent you offering help
60．The main purpose of the text is to tell readersA．
A．to give others a hand                                    
B．to be more competent
C．not to risk looking foolish                    
D．to stop and evaluate the situation．

Answer 1

分析 本文是主要讲了根据调查显示，在别人遇到困难时，很多人选择径直走开，而不是提供帮助．心理学家从几个方面分析了其中的原因，并且提倡人们遇到此类情况，要伸出援助之手．

解答 56．B．细节题．根据文章3，4，5段Why should I be the one？I'm probably not the most competent（有能力的）person in this crowd．和No one else looks concerned-this must not be a problem．We can follow the people around us，以及What if he doesn't really need my help？可知ACD三项都是人们的想法，只有B项不是．故B正确．
57．C．细节题．根据第一段2，3行In a study of by-standers，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved．说明很多人在这种情况下都选择视而不见，继续向前走．故C项正确．
58．C．推理题．根据文章最后一段前2行"If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on，"和最后三行‘It looks like we should do something．'Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and，if not，to call for one．Once you take action，most people will follow you．"可知我们应该做的事情是停下来分析一下具体的情况，看看我们是否能够做什么．故C正确．
59．D．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容The first thoughts thatpop into your mind often keep you from offering help．In order to take action，you have to work against them．可知我们应该停下来帮助别人，而不是继续向前，不理不睬，认为有别的一些更有能力的人来采取行动．故D项正确．
60．A．主旨大意题．根据全文内容以及Here are somecommon thoughts that might prevent you from helping本文主要讲述的就是我们在看到有人摔倒的时候，我们应该停下来，判断影响形势和情况，看看别人是否需要我们的帮助．然后再给出我们的帮助．故A正确．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．