You’re out to dinner.The food is delicious and the service is fine.You decide to leave a big fat tip.Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.
Tipping, psychologists(心理学家)have found, is not just about service.Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors(因素)from the waiter’s choice of words to how they carry themselves while taking orders to the bill’s total.Even how much waiters remind customers of themselves can determine how much change they pocket by the end of the night.
“Studies before have shown that mimicry(模仿)brings into positive feelings for the mimicker, ” wrote Rick van Baaren, a social psychology professor.“These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous(大方的)toward the person who mimics them.”
So Rick van Baaren divided 59 waiters into two groups.He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up!” Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers.Rick van Baaren then compared their take-home.The results were clear.The copycat waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.
Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St.Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill.After research on the 1000 tips left for waiters, cab drivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in three areas dropped as customers’ bills went up.In fact, tip percentages appeared to plateau(达到稳定水平)when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.
“That’s also a point of tipping, ” Green says.“You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you.If they weren’t there, you’d never get any service.So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.”
(1)
How many factors affecting the customers’ tipping are mentioned in the passage?
[ ]
A.
2.
B.
1.
C.
3.
D.
4.
(2)
According to the passage, a customer gives the cab driver a tip for ________.
[ ]
A.
driver’s politeness
B.
driver’s mimicry
C.
driver’s attitudes
D.
being there
(3)
According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages?
[ ]
A.
B.
C.
D.
(4)
According to the passage, we know the writer seems to ________.
[ ]
A.
oppose Mr.Green’s idea about tipping
B.
think part of Mr.Green’s explanation is reasonable
C.
give his generous tip to the waiters very often
D.
support the opinions of Mr.Green and Rick van Baaren about tipping
阅读理解
You’re out to dinner.The food is delicious and the service is fine.You decide to leave a big fat tip.Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.
Tipping, psychologists(心理学家)have found, is not just about service.Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors(因素)from the waiter’s choice of words to how they carry themselves while taking orders to the bill’s total.Even how much waiters remind customers of themselves can determine how much change they pocket by the end of the night.
“Studies before have shown that mimicry(模仿)brings into positive feelings for the mimicker, ” wrote Rick Van Baaren, a social psychology professor.“These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous(大方的)toward the person who mimics them.”
So Rick Van Baaren divided 59 waiters into two groups.He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up! ” Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers.Rick Van Baaren then compared their take-home.The results were clear-it pays to mimic your customer.The copycat waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.
Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St.Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill.After research on the 1000 tips left for waiters, cab drivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in three areas dropped as customers’ bills went up.In fact, tip percentages appear to plateau(达到稳定水平)when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.
“That’s also a point of tipping, ” Green says.“You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you.If they weren’t there you’d never get any service.So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.”
(1)
How many factors affecting the customers’ tipping are mentioned in the passage?
[ ]
A.
2.
B.
1.
C.
3.
D.
4.
(2)
According to the passage, a customer gives the cab driver a tip for ________.
[ ]
A.
driver’s politeness
B.
driver’s mimicry
C.
driver’s attitudes
D.
being there
(3)
According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages?
[ ]
A.
B.
C.
D.
(4)
According to the passage, we know the writer seems to ________.
[ ]
A.
oppose Mr.Green’s idea about tipping
B.
think part of Mr.Green’s explanation is reasonable
C.
give his generous tip to the waiters very often
D.
support the opinions of Mr.Green and Rick Van Baaren about tipping
One evening Mr.Green was driving in his car along a lonely country road.He had been to London where he had drawn £50 from the bank, and he was now returning home with the money which he had put in his pocket book.At the loneliest part of the road a man in shabby, badly-fitting clothes stopped him and asked for a lift.Mr.Green told him to get into the car and continued on his way.As he talked to the man he learned that he had been in prison for robbery and had broken out of prison two days ago.Mr.Green was very worried at the thought of £50 that he had put in his pocket book.Suddenly he saw a police-car and had a bright idea.He had just reached a small town where the speed limit was 30 miles an hour.He pressed down the accelerator and drove the car as fast as it would go.He looked back and saw that the police-car had seen him and had begun to chase him.After a mile or so the police-car overtook him and ordered him to stop.A policeman got out and came to Mr.Green’s car.Mr.Green had hoped that he could tell the policeman about the escaped robber, but the man had taken a gun out of his pocket and had put it to Mr.Green’s back.The policeman took out his notebook and pencil and said he wanted Mr.Green’s name and address.Mr.Green asked to be taken to the police station but the policeman said,“No, I want your name and address now.You will have to appear at the police court later.”So, Mr.Green gave the policeman his name and address.The policeman wrote it down, put his notebook and pencil back in his pocket and gave Mr.Green a talk about dangerous driving.Then Mr.Green started up his car again and drove on.He had given up all hope of his £50, but just as he reached the outskirts of London, the passenger said he wanted to get out here.Mr.Green stopped the car, the man got out and said,“Thanks for the lift.You’ve been good to me.This is the least I can do in return.”And he handed Mr.Green the policeman’s notebook.
While the policeman had talked to Mr.Green, the thief had stolen the notebook.
(1)
What was Mr.Green worried about when he learned the man was an escaped robber?
[ ]
A.
His life.
B.
His car.
C.
His money.
D.
His book.
(2)
Which of the following is TRUE?
[ ]
A.
Mr.Green wanted to be taken to the police station right away.
B.
The policeman told Mr.Green that he would have to pay a fine.
C.
The policeman asked Mr.Green to come to the police station right away.
D.
Mr.Green didn’t give his name and address but promised to appear at the police court
(3)
What did the robber give Mr.Green when he got out of the car?
[ ]
A.
Some money.
B.
The policeman’s notebook.
C.
Some money and the stolen notebook.
D.
The pistol he had put to the back of Mr.Green.
(4)
Why did the robber steal the policeman’s notebook?
[ ]
A.
He wanted to show he would do something other people could not do.
B.
He thought he should do something to save Mr.Green from trouble.
C.
He had no other purpose but playing a trick on the policeman.