题目内容

C

       Science is a major topic in our culture. Since it touches almost every field of our life, educated people need at least some knowledge with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the scientific subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific ideas is easier to obtain if one knows something about the things that excite and discourage the scientist.

    This book is written for the person whose knowledge with science is not complete; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty（发霉的）storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of tricks; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to add to a course in any science, to come with any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader view on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an idea and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. Besides, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies（哲学）that are deep in our culture.

       We have tried to present in this book a correct and up-to-date picture of the scientific world and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to include more and more women. This increasing role of women is not just the only event but, rather, part of the trend obvious in all parts of society, as more women enter traditionally male-controlled fields and make influential contributions.

       We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our method is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a cruel and unpleasant way to earn a living.

  63. According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means __________.

       A. scientific society              B. technical groups

       C. complex situation           D. knowledge system

  64. We need to know something about science because __________.

       A. scientists have specific scientific ideas

       B. science affects almost every field of our life

       C. it is easier to understand general characteristics of science

       D. it is not easy to understand the things that excite and discourage scientists

  65. The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who __________.

       A. are scientists making influential contributions

       B. want to have a little understanding of science

       C. want to break the male-controlled world

       D. have a misunderstanding about science

  66. This passage most probably is __________.

       A. the review of a book              B. the concluding part of a book

       C. the information added to a book  D. the introduction of a book

  67. According to the passage, we can infer that the book probably is __________.

       A. interesting B. serious      C. realistic      D. humorous

【小题1】A

【小题2】B

【小题3】D

【小题4】D

【小题5】A

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Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami(海啸), adding weight to ideas they possess a “sixth sense” for disasters, experts said on Thursday.

Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast seemingly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found.

“No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare or rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,” H.D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department, said on Wednesday.

The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km (2 miles) inland at Yala National Park in the southeast, Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants. “There has been a lot of evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.

“There have been no specific studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting,” he said.

Other authorities agreed with this conclusion.

“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain phenomenon, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.

Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators(食肉动物).

The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence on Sri Lanka’s damaged coast is likely to add to.

This passage is mainly about________.

A. the damage that was caused in the Indian Ocean tsunami

B. why animals can save them from natural disasters

C. how to protect the wildlife when disaster happens

D. the different opinions about animals’ natural power

Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. It has been proved that animals have a “sixth sense”.

B. Research has been made on the special movements of animals before disasters.

C. It’s generally considered that animals can sense the coming of disasters.

D. Animals have depended on the known senses to escape the Indian Ocean tsunami.

What does the term “sixth sense” in the text means?

A. It is the natural ability of animals that can save them from danger.

B. It is the animal’s imagination in the brain.

C. It is some hidden power to say in advance that something will happen.

D. It is a kind of sense that is the same as smell or hearing.

Which section does the text most probably appear in a newspaper?

A. News Report.        B. Discovery.       C. Science Fiction.      D. Culture.


第二节完形填空（20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
A Washed Day
In the faint light of the attic（阁楼）, an old man, bent down and made his way to a pile of boxes . Brushing aside a lot of  36  , he began to lift out one old 37  after another.
He  38  opened the long buried treasures and soon was 39  in a sea of memories.
Setting  40  one of the dusty albums, he pulled from the box what to be a  41  from his grown son's childhood. He  42  not recall ever having seen it before,  43  that his son had ever kept a journal. Opening the  44  pages, he glanced over a short reading, and his  45  curved in an unconscious smile.  46  his eyes brightened as he read the words. It was the voice of the little boy who had grown up far too fast in this  47  house, and whose voice had grown fainter and fainter over the  48 . The words of a  six-year-old  49  the old man back to a time  50  totally forgotten.
Reminded that he had kept a daily journal of his  51 activities over the years, he closed his son's journal. Opening a glass cabinet door, he reached in and  52  an old business journal. Then he sat down at his desk and  53  the two journals beside each other. As he opened his journal, the old man's eyes fell upon several words that  54 .  In his own neat handwriting were these words:
55 the whole day fishing with Jimmy. Didn't catch a thing. With a deep sigh and a shaking hand, he took Jimmy's journal and found the boy's entry for the same day: Went fishing with my dad. Best day of my life.
36.A. sweat       B. water         C. dust       D. rain
37.A. diary        B. album         C. book      D. dictionaries
38.A. carefully       B. carelessly      C. casually      D. anxiously
39.A. surprised      B. disappointed      C. interested   D. lost
40.A. aside        B. up             C. off         D. out
41.A. photograph   B. letter          C. journal          D. card
42.A. could       B. would         C. should     D. might
43.A. and              B. so              C. but        D. or
44.A. colored     B. yellowed       C. turned     D. touched
45.A. nose         B. eyes           C. ears       D. lips
46.A. Thus        B. Then          C. Even      D. However
47.A. very         B. just            C. poor      D. big
48.A. hours       B. weeks         C. months       D. years
49.A. forced      B. carried              C. left        D. made
50.A. seldom     B. hardly         C. almost     D. never
51.A. politics     B. business        C. science       D. holiday
52.A. pulled up      B. Pulled off      C. pulled out   D. pulled over
53.A. placed      B. threw         C. hid        D. read
54.A. picked out    B. stood out       C. worked out D. took out
55.A. Spend      B. Enjoyed        C. Spared         D. Wasted

完型填空 (每小题1分，共20分)

My parents made me know the ideas of family, faith and patriotism (爱国主义) when I was young.  26  we lived a hard life, they  27 great importance to making us realize how  28  we were to live in a great country with  29   chances.

I got my first real  30  when I was ten. My dad injured his back working in a factory and had to be  31  so that he could take up a new job as a hairstylist. When he hadn’t got enough money to rent a shop, the owner of the shopping center gave Dad a(n)  32  . But he should clean the parking lot (停车场) three nights a week, which meant getting up at 3 a.m. To pick up waste, Dad used a little  33  that looked like a lawn mower (割草机). Mom and I emptied garbage cans and  34  waste by hand. It took two to three hours to clean the lot. I’d  35   in the car on the way home because of tiredness.

I did this for two years, but the  36  I learned have lasted a lifetime. I  37  discipline (纪律) and a strong work ethic (道德准则), and learned at a(n)  38  age the importance of  39  interests in life -– school, homework and a job. This really __40  during my senior year of high school, when I worked 40 hours a week at a fast-food restaurant while taking school  41  and preparing for my college examination.

The hard work was   42 . As a result, I attended the U.S. Military Academy and went on to receive graduate degrees in  43  and business from Harvard. __44  , I joined a big Los Angeles law firm and was elected to the California State Assembly (会议). In these jobs and in everything else I’ve done, I have never forgotten those  45  in the parking lot.

26. A. Now that                       B. As if                                      C. Even                               D. Even though

27. A. attached                B. announced                       C. suggested                 D. admitted

28. A. important                        B. surprising                     C. fortunate                  D. satisfying

29. A. several                            B. limitless                       C. few                         D. energetic

30. A. incident                          B. dream                         C. success                          D. job

31. A. retrained                         B. regarded                      C. considered                D. respected

32. A. increase                            B. order                          C. discount                   D. explanation

33. A. bag                                B. machine                       C. knife                        D. stick

34. A. brought up                      B. turned up                      C. made up                   D. picked up

35. A. sleep                         B. talk                                  C. study                             D. sing

36. A. knowledge                      B. information                     C. lessons                     D. skills

37. A. required                         B. acquired                      C. remind                 D. forgot

38. A. common                         B. legal                                 C. old                                D. early

39. A. balancing                        B. expressing                         C. supporting                D. increasing

40. A. turned                            B. changed                             C. helped                      D. improved

41. A. measures                          B. courses                        C. messages                  D. tours

42. A. encouraging                      B. disappointing                      C. discouraging                 D. rewarding

43. A. law                                B. medicine                     C. science                          D. arts

44. A. However                         B. Indeed                            C. Later                             D. Before

45. A. people                            B. nights                         C. cars                               D. opportunities

 

第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A  teenage girl is fighting for her life today after being struck by lightning as severe thunderstorms swept across Britain. The girl was one of four teenage girls from London who were hit by lightning in the Parade Ground area of Hyde Park during a storm.  Earlier, Joseph Wharton, 14, died as he was struck by lightning while camping in his friend’s backyard in the West Midlands.

A spokesman for Scotland Yard said the girl remained in serious condition at St. Mary’s Hospital in Paddington. She had stooped breathing by the time the first paramedic arrived on the scene just two minutes after the strike at 5:40 p.m. yesterday.

The other three girls hit by the bolt all had injuries, and were taken to University College Hospital. Their conditions were not serious, the spokesman added. The strike lifted the girls into the air and then dropped them to the ground, a witness reported.

A spokesman for the London Ambulance Service said paramedics risked their lives to treat the girls. “The storm was still overhead and lightning was still coming down while they were treating the patients,” he said. “All staff involved acted very professionally in providing fast treatment to these patients in very difficult circumstances.” Scotland Yard said the incident was being looked into by officers from the Royal Parks’Operational Command Unit.

Joseph Wharton of Byland Way, Bloxwich, was hit during the extended thunderstorm which struck the region yesterday morning. He was pronounced dead at Walsall Manor Hospital.

He had been sleeping in a tent while staying with school friend Michael Lees at a house on nearby Cresswell Crescent.                            

West Midlands Ambulance Service said paramedics were called at 7:50 a.m. and unsuccessful attempts were made to revive the sports-mad teenager. A spokesman for the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents said four or five people die each year as a result of lightning strikes in the UK.

1.All four girls  _______________.

A  were killed by the lightning             B  were seriously injured

C  were being treated at the same hospital    D  were lifted up and dropped to the ground

2  The underlined word “bolt” probably means  “ ______________”

A  thunder    B  rain     C  storm     D  lightning

3  Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A  The boy was killed after the four girls had been hit.

B  The paramedics began to treat the girls after taking them to the hospital.

C  First-aid was given to the girls during the storm.

D  The boy was hit by lightning in the Parade Ground area of Hyde Park.

4  It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A  many British people die from lightning strikes every year

B  the writer blames the government for the accident

C  the paramedics could also have been hit by lighting while aiding the girls.

D  Joseph had been playing in the open air before the strike

5  This passage is probably taken from a _______.

A  magazine   B  newspaper   C  science fiction     D  weather report

 

 

A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”. This idea is dangerous.

Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing.

Some people go even further. They say that despite the moral and legal objections （反对）, whatever is scientifically possible will be done ——somewhere, sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it a fuels sense of  hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world.

In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact （影响） on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques. The outcomes are hard to predict.

Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the united efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.

1.What can we conclude from the recent study?

A. People think highly of science.

B. People hold mixed opinions about science.

C. Science is getting dangerously out of control.

D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes.

2.According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control?

A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down.

B. Businesses will have even greater influence on science.

C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future.

D. People will work more actively to put science under control.

3.The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because __________.

A. scientists have failed to predict the outcomes

B. the ties between different areas need strengthening

C. united efforts are necessary for the development of science

D. people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Science and its applications bring us many dangers.

B. The development of science mostly lies in people’s attitudes.

C. Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts.

D. The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas.

 

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