第一节 任务型读写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

It doesn’t matter if books are delivered in printed or electronic forms; the main thing is to get lost in reading them. Reading books is vital for human development.

Why should we bother reading a book? People cannot figure out the meaning of reading. In a world of accelerating technology, lacking time and decreasing attention, should they invest precious time sinking into a good book?

The discovery that our brains are physically changed by the experience of reading is something many of us will understand instinctively, as we think back to the way an extraordinary book had a transformative effect on the world view of people. This transformation only takes place when we lose ourselves in a book. That’s why studies have found this kind of deep reading gives us a better understanding of the inner lives of others.

Rationally, we know that reading is the foundation stone of all education, and therefore an important basis of the economic benefits. But perhaps even more significant is its emotional role as the starting point for individual voyages of personal development and emotional pleasure. They can help create and strengthen our sense of self. If reading were to decline significantly, it would change the nature of our species. If we, in the future, are no longer wired for self-reflection and creative thought, we will die out.

Technology let the readers experience more adventures from more books. Publishers need to get better at using the ability of the Internet to inform readers, and potential readers, about all the extraordinary new books that are published every year.

The research shows the benefits of reading clearly. So there can hardly be a better reason for fighting to protect the future of the book.

Reading 

Introduction

Reading books plays a vital role in human development, whether they are 1.or electronic.

Against reading

●People have trouble2. out the meaning of reading.

●Several factors affect reading including reading difficulty, accelerating technology, 3. of time and decreasing attention.

For reading

●A good book will transform our world4. when we get lost in it.

●Deep reading enables us to better5. others’ inner lives.

●All education is6. on reading, which will bring economic benefits indirectly.

●Books can advance personal development and bring us emotional 7. as well.

Role of technology in reading

It 8. readers to more books, so publishers should make better 9. of the Internet to inform readers.

Conclusion

Reading 10.us a lot so it is significant to protect the future of the book

C

People laugh and people cry.But it is thought that emotions such as anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed.The shedder of tears (落泪者) is likely to apologize, even when a great tragedy was the cause.The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional tears.But judging from recent studies of crying behavior, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive (适得其反).

Humans are the only animals clearly known to shed emotional tears.Since evolution has given rise to few purposeless physiological responses, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that increase survival.

Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to ask for assistance form others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help.Vo-cal (出声的) cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention.So, it appears that there must be something special about tears themselves.

Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in easing stress. University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently separated two important chemicals from emotional tears.Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion.Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.

Other researchers are looking into the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.At Tulane University's Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr.Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse, to study the causes of "dry eye" syndrome (综合症)and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.

1.What does the phrase "both those responses" in Paragraph 1 refer to ?

A.Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.

B.The embarrassment and unpleasant feelings of the observers.

C.Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.

D.The tear shedder' s apology and the observer' s effort to stop the crying.

2.It is known from the first paragraph that____.

A.shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to Americans

B.crying may often result in tragedy

C.crying usually wins sympathy from other people

D.one who sheds tears in public will be blamed

3.What does the author say about crying?

A.It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.

B.It must have a role to play in man' s survival.

C.It is meant to get attention and assistance.

D.It usually produces the desired effect.

4.From the passage we can infer that____.

A.it is unnatural for people to shed tears

B.we can reduce our stress by shedding tears

C.shedders of tears can' t get help by crying loudly

D.unlike animals, humans can shed tears for survival

Bright blue Citi Bikes are becoming a fine sight in the New Yorker street. New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling(骑车的) passengers on those blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops ? Is City Bike booming at their expense? At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as "Ben W." said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. "It's getting more people on the road, more people learning about the sport and getting involved," he said. An employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a good option for people in a city famed for its traffic jams and aggressive drivers. "They can try out a bike without buying one:' James Ryan said.

Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles. But for Frank's Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St., the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by 90% since Citi Bike was launched last month. Arroyo's main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes.

However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. "People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves," he noted.

Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. said at first he was concerned about bike-share, though, he admitted, "I was happy to see people on bikes."

Farrell's early concerns were repeated by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. "It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to put into use:' Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders' lack of awareness of biking rules and strong negative reaction from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has been impacted (影响) .

While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks agreed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City.

1.What is the author's chief concern about the increasing use of Citi Bikes in New York?

A. Whether local bike shops will suffer.

B. How non-cyclists will respond to it.

C. Whether local bike businesses will oppose it.

D. How the safety of bike riders can be ensured.

2.What happened to Gotham Bikes as a result of the bike-share program?

A. It found its bike sales unaffected.

B. It changed its business to rentals.

C. It saw its bike sales on the rise.

D. It rented more bikes to tourists.

3.Why is the bike-share program bad news for Frank's Bike Shop?

A. Its customers have been drawn away by Citi Bikes.

B. It cannot meet the demand of the bike-share program.

C. Its bike prices have to be lowered again and again.

D. It has to compete with the city's bike rental shops.

4.What is the general attitude of the local bike shops towards Citi Bike?

A. Doubtful. B. Negative.

C. Uninterested. D. Approving.

This message is to inform all the children that Santa's post office in Himmelpfort, Germany, is open to receive your holiday wishes. That means you can mail your letters to Santa about 6 weeks sooner than that last year. Santa knows you've been good and wants to make sure he and his helpers receive your wish list earlier.

Eight post offices are organized across Germany to answer all letters children send. This year they plan to receive over 250,000 letters. Though the letters fly from over 80 different countries, Santa and his helpers can understand and make sure to answer all the letters.

In 1984, two children from Berlin sent their wish lists to Himmelpfort after spending vacation there. Their letters were answered by postal employees and later Himmelpfort increased its helpers to meet the needs of increased mail traffic. Year after year, Santa and his crew use an eco-friendly powered vehicle to collect the thousands of letters he receives from young boys and girls. The great news for this year is that if you come to the beautiful town of Himmelpfort, you can drop off your letter and visit Santa in person, from Tuesdays to Thursdays until Christmas Eve.

Santa does not currently have an e-mail, Twitter or a Facebook account. He believes in old-fashioned communication. So get out your paper and write your wish list. Just make sure your letter is clear so you can receive an official response, send your letters to:

Santa

Christmas Post Office

Himmelpfort, Germany 16798

1.This year Santa and his helpers _____.

A. are eager to receive more wishes

B. keep traveling around 80 countries

C. are able to receive kids’ letters earlier

D. answer most of the letters from kids

2.From the 3rd paragraph, we know that _____.

A. post offices send kids all the presents they ask for

B. children from Berlin like spending holidays in Himmelpfort

C. Santa uses a powered vehicle because of the heavy mail traffic

D. children can visit Santa in the flesh before Christmas Eve this year

3.Santa doesn’t have social communications online probably because he _____.

A. is not sure about the online security

B. trusts traditional ways of communication

C. prefers official and formal letters

D. thinks written letters are clearer than e-mails

4.This text is intended for _____.

A. tourists coming to Himmelpfort

B. teenagers preferring writing letters

C. parents preparing for Christmas

D. children planning to write to Santa

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