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书面表达

兰州市近来实行了公共环保自行车出行行动，受到了市民的欢迎。假设你是李华，请你写一篇词数100词的小短文，介绍兰州公共自行车。主要内容包括：

1.使用方法：凭身份证办卡，60分钟内免费使用；自行车点遍布全市，全市范围内通租通还；

2.骑自行车的益处：可以节约道路资源、减少环境污染、帮助锻炼身体；

3．希望更多人骑车出行。

参考词汇：bicycle stops；energy-saving; identification card

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Buy Nothing Day

Most people buy a lot of gifts just before Christmas. But some people think we buy too much. They have started a special day called Buy Nothing Day. They don’t want anyone to go shopping that day.

Buy Nothing Day is November 29. It’s 25 days before Christmas. It’s after Thanksgiving and often the first day of Christmas shopping. At this time, we see ads in newspapers and on TV telling us to “buy, buy, buy!”

The idea for Buy Nothing Day started in Vancouver, British Columbia. Now people all over the world celebrate Buy Nothing Day. In California, parents and children get together to read stories, sing songs, and paint pictures. The children talk about why they don’t need a lot of toys. This year, in Manchester, England, people dressed up to tell people that we buy too much.

In Albuquerque, New Mexico, high school students wanted to tell other students about Buy Nothing Day. They organized a spaghetti dinner to give people information about Buy Nothing Day. They asked restaurants in the neighborhood to donate the food. They made posters and talked to other students about it. The dinner was a big success, and many students agreed not to buy anything on November 29. The students at high school liked the idea of this new tradition. Next year, they want to have another dinner to tell more people about Buy Nothing Day!

1.Why do people all over the world celebrate Buy Nothing Day?

A. People need more time to do other things.

B. People buy too many gifts for Christmas.

C. People can hardly afford to buy a lot of gifts.

D. People waste too much time going shopping.

2. How do people celebrate Buy Nothing Day?

A. In California, parents and children get together to play games.

B. In Mexico, high school students dressed up.

C. In England, people celebrated by performing plays.

D. They bought nothing and made the others decide not to.

3.What did the students do in New Mexico for the day?

A. They talked to others about Buy Nothing Day.

B. They dressed up to tell people that we buy too much.

C. They organized a spaghetti dinner to donate the food.

D. They got together to read stories, sing songs, and paint pictures.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. 1. Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.

My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. 2. She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.

3. Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. 4. She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.

Often she says to us, “work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good advice this is! 5. This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.

A. She enjoys listening to classic music.

B. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.

C. She loves her students and cares for them.

D. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.

E. My mother is hard-working and never wastes money.

F. I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.

G. Can you tell us something about your mother?

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp

Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit — and that can be a very annoying thing. 1. Read on for some techniques worth trying.

1. 2.

People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease（早老性痴呆症）, according to a recent study. 3. Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.

2. Go for a walk.

Mildly raised glucose（葡萄糖）levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 4.

3. Learn something new.

Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation（刺激）limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 5. Or go dancing with your friends.

A. Focus on the future.

B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.

C. It should be something like learning gardening.

D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

E. But don’t worry if your schedule isn’t filled with life-changing events.

F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。

A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even __1._ precious than money. Why? _2.__ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time _3._(go), it will never return.

__4.__ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make _5.__(fully) use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in _6._ future.

But it is a pity that there are a lot of people __7. do not realize the value of time. They spend their precious time smoking, _8._(drink) and playing.

In a word, we should form a good habit of __9._ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today __10.__ tomorrow.

Comfort is comforting, but it might narrow our experience at work — and beyond.

In our modern world, discomfort is considered a terrible thing. If not terrible, it’s at least a thing of the past. Dishwashers, washing machines, computers, remote controls—yes, they add convenience, but also a level of comfort our forefathers did not enjoy.

As pain of any kind discourages happiness, we tend to reason anything that prevents us to feel good must be bad. And that’s also particularly true for our careers. Success makes us feel great, not terrible. Such a view, however, is a matter of personal opinion. And it may blind us to hidden opportunities.

Artists throughout history have tried to experience suffering, instinctively(本能地) if not consciously(有意识地), to produce works that explore the darker hidden sides of the human condition. This was done, in part, because pain is a reality of life for everybody in some form at some time. Pain is something everybody can relate to. And pain makes a person very real. For such artists, to deny pain would be to block the creative thinking, which drives them to explore and express. In fact, Germans have a term(术语) for this, “Weltschmerz”, which means “suffering from the world.” Writers, from Lord Byron to Kurt Vonnegut, have used the term to describe the psychological pain along life’s roller-coaster journey. It was not to be avoided; it was to be understood and employed.

So I believe that discomfort is good for us. Or, put another way, it tells us that something needs to be attended to. It develops us by forcing us to view our circumstances(环境) through a wholly different view. Because we’re attracted by safety and security, we do our best to create pleasant comfort zones for ourselves and our loved ones through the cars we drive, the houses we live in, and the places we work. But by resisting discomfort, we deny ourselves an important opportunity: the chance to shake ourselves out of our predictable perspectives(视角) and allow ourselves to make knowledgeable observations that we could not possibly have made before. Discomfort gives us fresh eyes.

1.Which of the following is NOT a reason why artists throughout history have been exploring sufferings?

A. Pain is a mirror that can reflect the life of everybody.

B. Pain is something that no one can escape from.

C. Pain can strengthen the feeling of existence of a person.

D. Pain can help them to avoid the creative thinking.

2.The term “Weltschmerz” couldn’t be used to describe something like __________.

A. social inequality

B. great achievements

C. racial discrimination(歧视)

D. mass killings

3.The author believes that by challenging discomfort, one may _________.

A. lose an important chance to make a big fortune

B. feel upset and fail to think calmly

C. control the situation properly when things go wrong

D. judge and think about the world in a new particular way

4. By writing this passage, the author tries to __________.

A. explain why discomfort is good for us

B. criticize(批评) a world full of comfort

C. persuade people to lead a life full of discomfort

D. blame those who enjoy an easy life

A great loss—Shirley Temple dies at 85

February 12，2014

BY DERRIK J．LANG，Associated Press

Shirley Temple Black，who died on February 10th at age 85，wasn’t just a child star．She was THE child star—the sweet little girl whose shining smile helped illumine some of the darkest days the US has known during the Great Depression．

It’s hard today to imagine the super star Shirley was once “America’s Little Darling”．She sang and danced her way to the top of the box office in such films as Bright Eyes，Curly Top and Heidi．By 1940，she had appeared in 43 films．Temple teamed with Bill Robison in four movies，and their dance on the stairs in The Little Colonel is still a legendary film moment．

In the 1930s，her name on a movie introduction assured（保证）a packed house．She inspired dolls，dresses，dishes—even a drink（alcohol-free，of course）．

US President Franklind． Roosevelt once famously said that “as long as our country has Shirley Temple，we will be all right．”

Unlike so many of today’s child stars，Temple didn’t end up with her name appearing across the headlines for bad behaviors．Instead of getting her photos on front pages or struggling with drugs and alcohol，Temple went on to a second career in diplomacy（外交），including presidential appointments as ambassador to Ghana．

She surprised a lot of people who doubted her with her grace，knowledge and eagerness to serve．In fact，her career in public service（20 years）was longer than her career in movies（19）．The role she valued most，however，was as wife，mother，grandmother and great-grandmother．

The world has lost a treasured Hollywood legend． But her movies will allow that little dynamic figure to continue charming audiences for a very long time．

1.The word “illumine” in Paragraph 1 means _______．

A． shorten B． sweeten

C． strengthen D． brighten

2.Temple，as a child movie star，can best be described as _______．

A． sweet and lively

B． gentle and kind

C． smart and knowledgeable

D． shy and attractive

3.What part did she regard as the most important in her life？

A． A top movie star．

B． A businesswoman．

C． Her family role．

D． Her diplomacy career．

4.Where does this passage possibly come from？

A． A biography B． A newspaper

C． A magazine D． A poster

—Mom！Jack has broken a cup！
—Doesn’t matter. Accidents ________ happen.
A． should B． must

C． will D． Shall

As we grow old, we realize that we have so little time to read and there are so many great books that we’ve yet to get around to．Yet re-readers are everywhere around us．For certain fans, re-reading The Lord of the Rings is a conventional practice annually．One friend told me that Jane Austen’s Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it over 50 times．

New sudden clear understandings can be gained from the process of re-reading．Journalist Rebacca Mead, a long-time Englishwoman in New York, first came across George Eliot’s Middlemarch at 17．Since then, she has read it again every five years．With each re-reading, it has opened up further; in each chapter of her life, it has resonated (引起共鸣) differently．Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines．These kinds of books grow with us.

Scientists have also recognized the mental health benefits of re-reading．Research conducted with readers in the US found that on our first reading, we are concerned with the “what” and the “why”．Second time round, we’re able to better appreciate the emotions that the plot continues to express．As researcher CristelRussell of the American University explained, returning to a book “brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.”

It’s true that we often find former selves on the pages of old books (if we’re fond of making notes on the pages)．These texts can carry us back to a time and place, and remind us of the kind of person that we were then．We’re changed not only by lived experience but also by read experience – by the books that we’ve discovered since last reading the one in our hand.

More so than the movie director or the musician, the writer calls upon our imaginations, using words to lead us to picture this declaration of love or that unfaithfulness in life．A book is a joint project between writers and readers, and we must pour so much of ourselves into reading that our own life story can become connected with the story in the book.

Perhaps what’s really strange is that we don’t re-read more often．After all, we watch our favourite films again and we wouldn’t think of listening to an album only once．We treasure messy old paintings as objects, yet of all art forms, literature alone is a largely one-time delight．A book, of course, takes up more time, but as Mead confirms, the rewards make it adequately worthwhile.

1.The two books are mentioned in Paragraph 1 mainly to __________．

A． attract the attention of readers

B． introduce the topic of the passage

C． provide some background information

D． show the similarity between re-readers

2.The underlined expression “crack their spines” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.

A． recite them

B． re-read them

C． recall them

D． retell them

3.It can be learned from the passage that __________.

A． reading benefits people both mentally and physically

B． readers mainly focus on feelings on their first reading

C． we know ourselves better through re-reading experience

D． writers inspire the same imaginations as film directors do

4.The purpose of the passage is to __________.

A． call on different understandings of old books

B． focus on the mental health benefits of reading

C． bring awareness to the significance of re-reading

D． introduce the effective ways of re-reading old books

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