题目内容

The air company going from bad to worse, the workers____________ hardly enough to make a living.

A. are paid    B. are paying   C. have paid  D. paid

 

A

本题考查的是有关被动的用法。考生读完题后可以发现工人是被发工资,而选项中只有A为被动,故符合题意。

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An experimental solar-powered plane landed safely Thursday after completing its first 24-hour test flight, proving that the aircraft can collect enough energy from the sun during the day to stay aloft(在空中) all night.

       Pilot Andre Borschberg eased the Solar Impulse onto the runway at Payerne airfield about 30 miles southwest of the Swiss capital Bern at exactly 9 a.m. (3 a.m. EDT) Thursday. Helpers rushed to stabilize the pioneering plane as it touched down, ensuring that its massive 207-foot wingspan didn't scrape the ground and topple(倾倒) the craft.

       The record feat(壮举) completes seven years of planning and brings the Swiss-led project one step closer to its goal of circling the globe using only energy from the sun. ‘We achieved more than we wanted. Everybody is extremely happy,’ Borschberg told reporters after landing.

       Previous flights included a brief ‘flea hop’ and a longer airborne test earlier this year, but this week's attempt was described as a ‘milestone’ by the team. The team said it had now demonstrated that the single-seat plane can theoretically stay in the air indefinitely, recharging its depleted batteries using 12,000 solar cells and nothing but the rays of the sun during the day. But while the team said this proves that emissions-free air travel is possible, it doesn't see solar technology replacing conventional jet propulsion(喷气推进) any time soon. Instead, the project's overarching purpose is to test and promote new energy-efficient technologies.

       Project co-founder Bertrand Piccard, himself a record-breaking balloonist, said many people had been skeptical that renewable energy could ever be used to take a man into the air and keep him there. ‘It’s a matter of time that people come to believe and understand about renewable energies,’Piccard said, adding that the flight was proof that new technologies can help break society's dependence on fossil fuels.

       The team will now set its sights on an Atlantic crossing, before attempting a round-the-world flight in 2013, making only five stops along the way. ‘It's absolutely not time to relax,’ said Piccard.

Title: A __________ in solar-powered flight and its background information

A project on solar-powered flight

Main purpose: To test and promote __________

__________: To make an Atlantic crossing; To attempt a round-the-world flight with only five stops in 2013.

Long-term goal: To circle the globe using only __________.

__________

a brief ‘flea hop’;

an airborne test.

Record-setting test flight

Name of the plane: __________

Name of the pilot: Andre Borschberg

Time: __________

Length of Place: at Payerne airfield, Switzerland.

Achievements:

●proving that the aircraft can collect enough energy from the sun during the day to stay aloft all night, making __________ possible;

●proving that new technologies can help rid society of __________ fossil fuels;

●bringing the project __________ to its long-term goal.


For years , many people would not believe that smoke could attack so many parts of the body in so many ways . Study shows , however , that tobacco isn’t one single thing .  At least 60% of it is gas—20 different kinds of gas . And one of these is the deadly carbon monoxide (CO) (一氧化碳).
In factories , the amount of this gas in the air is measured , and it must be kept under fixed , safe level . But there is 640 times this safe amount in cigarette smoke .
Oxygen is carried through your body by the red blood cells . But this poison gas , CO, will get to the blood cells before the oxygen can . So , if you smoke your blood carries five to ten times more of this deadly gas than is normal . To make up for this , your body must make more red cells .
The oxygen in your blood passes into your tissues(组织). But here again CO makes trouble . It keeps the oxygen from passing into your tissues as fast as it should . Because of this , cigarette country is always about 8000 feet above sea level . Someone who smokes and lives at sea level gets as little oxygen as a nonsmoker at an altitude(高度)of nearly two miles .This happens to everyone who smokes , no matter how old or how young . Anyone who competes in sports can tell you that those who smoke run out of breath more quickly than those who do not .
1.The gas amount in cigarette smoke is______________.
A.640 times higher than the gas safe levels in factories
B.640 times lower than the gas safe levels in factories
C.640 times as much as that in factories
D.as dangerous as that in factories
2.If you smoke , ______________ .
A.your blood carries more oxygen than is normal
B.your blood carries much more CO than is normal
C.you can have five to ten times of blood than usual
D.your blood will be poisonous
3.Those who smoke______________.
A.all live at sea level
B.don’t live at an altitude of two miles
C.breathe as much oxygen as non-smokers
D.only get the same amount of oxygen at the sea level as non-smokers at an altitude of nearly 2 miles
4.Smokers are______________.
A.easily hurt              B.easily excited      C.easily tired         D.healthy

Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. Death Valley can be dangerously cold      during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can produce sudden flooding on the floor of the Valley.
The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty- seven degrees Celsius. The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy -four degrees Celsius.                                                                     
Death Valley contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. In many areas of Death Valley it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This movement has created unusual and beautiful rock formations. Some are red. Others are dark brown, gray, yellow or black.
The area was named by a woman in 1849. Thousands of people from other parts of the ountry traveled Lo the gold mining areas in California. They were in a hurry to get there before other people did. One group trying to reach California decided to take a path called the Old Spanish Trail. By December they had reached Death Valley. They did not have to survive the terrible heat of summer, hut there was still an extreme lack of water. There were few plants for their work animals to eat.
The people could not find a pass through the call mountains to the west of the Valley. Slowly, they began co suffer from a lack of food. To survive, they killed their work animals for food and began to walk out of the Valley. As they left, one woman looked back and said, “Good -bye, death valley.”  The name has never been changed.
Almost everyone who visits Death Valley visits a huge house called Scotty' s Castle. The building design is Spanish, with high thick walls to provide protection from the fierce heat.
The castle is named for Walter Scott , called Scotty by his friends. He was a gold miner. He told everyone that he built the house with money he made from his gold mine. Many people believed him. But it was not really the truth.
【小题1】The first two paragraphs discuss Death Valley' s               

A.geographyB.climateC.locationD.size
【小题2】The volcanoes mentioned in the third paragraph proved          
A.a valley that is formed by explosions
B.a place where volcanoes are still active
C.a good example of the violence of nature
D.a symbol of rock formations in history
【小题3】The woman who named Death Valley intended to             
A.explore the mystery of the valleyB.find an area with plants for animals
C.experience the terrible heat of summerD.look for gold in California
【小题4】If the passage continues, it will be about             
A.the truth about Scotty's CastleB.why Spanish built the castle
C.when the castle was builtD.where the castle lies in
【小题5】The main idea of the passage is about          
A.the interesting place in Death ValleyB.the facts about Death Valley
C.the origin of Death ValleyD.the route to visit Death Valley

All too often, a choice that seems sustainable(可持续的)turns out on closer examination to be problematic. Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol(乙醇) for fuel from corn. Corn is a renewable resource —you can harvest it and grow more, almost limitlessly. So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea. 

   One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally, but that’s not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the fallow land –including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil—into farmland, which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide (CO) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.

   You cannot really declare any practice “sustainable” until you have done a complete life-cycle analysis of its environmental(环境的) costs. Even then, technology and public keep developing, and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.

1.What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text?

A. The growing demand for energy to make ethanol

B. The increasing carbon dioxide in the air

C. The greater need for farmland

D. The big change in weather.

2.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “           ” 

A. the energy benefit                                              B. the forest loss 

C. climate change                                           D. burning ethanol 

3.The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is           . 

A. impractical                    B. acceptable               C. admirable         D. useless 

4.What does the author mainly discuss in the text? 

A. Technology                          B. Sustainability

C. Ethanol energy            D. Environmental protection 

 

B

What weighs 3500 pounds(1600kg)and lived 60 million years ago?Are you thinking of

dinosaurs?Guess again!You don,t have to go to a museum to see these creatures.They are alive

and swimming in the warm coastal waters of Florida.

Manatees(海牛)have lived a peaceful existence in the warm waters  of  Florida  for  60

million years.However,they are now an endangered species.This means that if humans don,t do

something to save them,they will soon go the way of dinosaurs.

Humans have made life very difficult for manatees.One big danger that humans have

introduced is the speedboat.Because manatees are mammals.they need to come to the surface to breathe about every 5 to 6 minutes.This means that they are in constant danger of being caught in the propellers(螺旋桨)of speedboats.And boating aceidents are the greatest cause of death for them.

Manatees are in extra danger when they are in their sleeping or“torpor”state.They still

have to come to the surface for the air,but sometimes they are too sleepy to avoid the danger of approaching boats.

Another danger for manatees is the pollution that humans produce.Due to human pollution,

a deadly plant called red tide had increased greatly in the Gulf of Mexico.The plant,or algae,

t11riVes(繁茂)on pollution.It wiped out nearly 20 percent of the total manatee population on

earth.

Humans can help to save manatees。The government has established boating speed limits to

give the manatees.a chance to escape approaching speedlsoats.Everyone can help by cutting

down on waste and pollution to protect the waters for the manatees.

One famous singer,Jimmy Buffet,has helped save the manatees.He co-founded the Save the Manatee Club(SMC).SMC had begun an adoption(收养)program for the manatees.For a fee,sponsors(资助者)can name a manatee.Donations are used to help protect the manatees and their habitat.

45.The manatee is the kind of animal that___________.

A.1ikes living in the cold waters of Florida      B.will die out if not protected in time

C.call dive in the deep sea for hours             D.is the biggest living animal on earth

46.Why is it dangerous for manatees to be in a torpor state?

A.Because they come to the snlface to breathe,and that is when they are hunted.

B.Because they eat deadly algae,and this makes them too sick to avoid danger.

C.Because they live in groups and therefore they are easily hurt by passing boats.

D.Because they are sleepy when they surface,so they can,t avoid approaching boats.

47.The death of the manatees is largely due to__________.

A.human hunting                       B.human pollution

C.speedboat accidents                  D.deadly plants

48.To help protect manatees,people should_________.

A.never go speed boating in their living habitat

B.keep the waters of Florida free from pollution

C.have manatess named by sponsors without a fee

D.wake manatees up from their torpor state

 

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