Space is dangerous place, not only because of meteors but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Space is dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have recon to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 ream without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage--a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的) children or even grandchildren.

Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, hut no rally effective ones have been found so far.

1．According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man because .

A．it protects him against the harmful rays from space

B．it provides sufficient light for plant growth

C．it supplies the heat necessary for human survival

D．it screens off the falling meteors

2．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal.

B．The effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming.

C．Radiation is completely avoidable in space exploration.

D．Astronauts in spacesuits needn’t worry about radiation damage.

3．The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members .

A．is insignificant B．seems overestimated

C．is enormous D．remains unknown

4．It can be inferred from the passage that .

A．the Apollo mission was very successful

B．protection against space radiation is no easy job

C．astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren

D．radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers

5．The best title for this passage would be .

A．The Atmosphere and Our Environment

B．Research on Radiation

C．Effects of Space Radiation

D．Importance of Protection Against Radiation

ABDBC

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Saturday 28 April, 2001: Dennis Tito was setting off on his holiday. Mr. Tito’s journey was certainly unusual! So was the transport he chose, and the price of his trip.

The 60-year-old multi-millionaire from New York was sitting on board a Russian spaceship. He was on a journey to the International Space Station. It might have been a routine trip for the two astronauts who were traveling with him, but for him it was certainly no ordinary journey. Dennis Tito was the first tourist ever in space, and he had paid the sum of $20 million to go there. As the spacecraft left the earth’s atmosphere, Tito drank a glass of fruit juice to celebrate and looked down at the earth’s blue-green surface. Two minutes later, he was sick. Luckily it was only a minor problem. He soon recovered, and from then on enjoyed a smooth journey. When he arrived at the space station, there was a big smile on his face. “A great trip!” he commented． “I love space.”

For a long time space travel was something for heroes. But all this is going to change. Companies like ProSpace are investing large amounts of money in space travel. They want space and space travel to belong to the public, not just governments. There are other plans, like voyages through space from one side of the world to the other. Maybe we will be able to depart from New York at nine o’clock in the morning, and arrive an hour later-- in Tokyo! Such a schedule would allow the business traveler to return to New York on the same day, and still have eight hours for a meeting!

Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A．Business Travelers B．Space Tourists C．A Space Exploration D．A Frightening Adventure

According to the passage, Dennis Tito .

A．enjoyed his trip very much B．was too sick to eat anything in space

C．suffered a lot during the trip D．didn’t think the trip was worthwhile

Which of the following statements is tree according to the passage?

A．Tito was the first American tourist in space.

B．Tito contributed all of his wealth to his space trip.

C．Tito visited the Russian Space Station during his trip.

D．Space travel has become a routine for Tito since then.

It can be expected from the passage that .

A．space travel will belong to the public instead of governments

B．airplanes will some day reach the speed of space vehicles

C．can will be able to circle the earth within less than an hour

D．travel between two places on earth will be made through space

As you may expect, life in space is much different from life on earth. So of course people need some time to get used to it. How do they live, work and play up there?
Space food keeps getting more like the food we eat at home on the earth. In the past, astronauts could eat only freeze-dried food. But now the space station has water, microwave ovens and fridges. So astronauts can eat more usual kinds of food, like fruit, vegetables and ice cream!
All people in the ISS（国际空间站）have their own rooms. There’s no gravity, so they have to attach themselves to their beds, or they’ll float away! That may seem like a hard way to sleep, but astronauts say that sleeping in space is actually not too bad.
This is more important in space than on Earth. There’s not much gravity in space. Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles don’t have to work much. They exercise on bikes and other machines for about two hours every day while they’re in space. In this way, they can still keep strong and healthy when they get back home.
Easy things like brushing your teeth can be hard in space with low gravity. Water doesn’t flow out of a tap, it floats in a bubble（水泡）! Astronauts used a special hose（软管）to take showers. And when they’re finished, they use a vacuum（真空的）hose to suck the dirty water off of their bodies. How do you go to the toilet in space? They use a special “air toilet”. It uses air, not water, to take everything away.
What do astronauts do when they aren’t working? They read books, play cards, listen to music or send e-mail to their friends and family. Sometimes they just sit and look out the window. Doesn’t sound like much fun? But what if you could see planet Earth out of your window, with a sunset or sunrise every 45 minutes?
1． Which of the following can be the title of this passage?
A. Life In Space.    B. Space Food.      C. Showers In Space.     D. A Visit To Space
2．From this passage we know that _______.
A. astronauts eat quite different food in space from what they eat on the earth
B. astronauts ate only fruit in space in the past
C. astronauts can only eat freeze-dried food now
D. astronauts can only eat fruit and vegetables now
3．Astronauts attach themselves to bed so as to ________.
A. keep themselves warm                                 B. prevent themselves from floating away
C. have a good sleep                                         D. feel better
4．Astronauts have to do exercise for two hours every day because ________.
A. they have nothing to do in space             B. they are told to do so
C. they do so to keep healthy                      D. they do so to prevent them from sleeping
5．From the last paragraph we can guess that ________.
A. the sun moves fast around the earth
B. the earth circles round the sun very fast
C. the earth is very small
D. the spaceship circles round the earth once every 90 imnutes

Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
【小题1】Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?

A．To express his doubts.	B．To compare different ideas.
C．To introduce points for discussion.	D．To describe the conditions on Earth.

【小题2】What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2?

A．Humans are nature-born to do so.	B．Humans have the tendency to fight.
C．Humans may find new sources of food.	D．Humans don’t like to stay in the same place.

【小题3】The underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______.

A．survival chances	B．potential resources
C．unexpected benefits	D．physical possessions

【小题4】What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?

A．O ur genetic makeup.	B．Resources on the earth..
C．The adaptive ability of humans.	D．By-products in space exploration.

【小题5】Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?

A．Space exploration has created many wonders.

B．Space exploration provides the best value for money.

C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology

D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.

Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don't talk.Gestures are the "silent language" of every culture.We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say.It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.

In the United States,people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.If the handshake is weak,it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.Friends may place a hand on the other's arm or shoulder,some people,usually women,greet a friend with a hug(拥抱).

Space is important to Americans.When two people talk to each other,they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle,so they are not facing each other directly.Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.If Americans touch another person by accident,they say,"Pardon me." or "Excuse me."Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.If you don't do so,it means you are bored,hiding something,or are not interested.But when you stare at someone,it is not polite.

For Americans,thumbs-up;means yes,very good,or well done.Thumbs-down means the opposite.To call a waiter,raise one hand to head level or above.To show you want the check,make a movement with your hands as if you are singing a piece of paper.It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger.Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them.

Learning a culture's body language is sometimes confusing(困惑的).If you don't know what to do,the safest thing to do is to smile.

45.From the first paragraph we can learn that_________.

A.gestures don't mean anything while talking

B.gestures can help us to express ourselves

C.we can learn a language well without body language

D.only American people can use gestures

46.In the United States,people often_________.

A.show their friendship by facing each other directly

B.show their friendship by touching each other

C.say "Pardon me." to each other when they are talking

D.get uncomfortable when you sit close to them

47.If you talk with an American friend,it's polite to_________.

A.look up and down at your friend

B.look at the other person in the eyes

C.hide your opinion

D.look at your watch now and then

48.When your friend gives you the thumbs-up,he,in fact,_________.

A.shows his rudeness to you

B.shows his anger to you

C.expresses his satisfaction to you

D.expresses his worries about you

We once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class.

“You could win prizes，’’our teacher told US as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. She passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing，“The first prize is ten dollars. You just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster. ”

We studied the board critically. Some of US looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard，rocking the sheets to the fight or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten—dollar grand prize，each and every one of US. I'm going to spend mine on candies，one hopeful would announce，while another practiced looking serious，wise and rich.

Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins， while others used nothing but colored construction paper. Some of US used big designs，and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one comer of our poster and let the space draw the viewer's attention to it. Some of US would wander past the good students’ desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. It was yet another grown-up trick of the soil they seemed especially fond of。making all of US believe we had a fair chance，and then always—always—rewarding the same old winners.

I believe I drew a sailboat，but I can’t say that with any certainty. I made it. I admired it. I determined it to be the very best of all of the posters I had seen，and then I turned it in.

Minutes passed.

No one came along to give me the grand prize，and then someone distracted me，and I probably never would have thought about that poster again.

I was still sitting at my desk，thinking，What poster? When the teacher gave me an envelope with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for me.

1.What was the teacher's requirement for the poster?

A. It must appear in time.

B. It must be done in class.

C. It must be done on a construction sheet.

D. It must include the words on the blackboard.

2.The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means _____________.

A. formed an idea for

B. made an outline for

C. made some space for

D. chose some colors for

3.After the teacher’s words，all the students in the class _________.

A. 1ooked very serious

B. thought they would be rich

C. began to think about their designs

D. began to play games

4.After seeing the good students’ designs，some students _________.

A. 1oved their own designs more

B. thought they had a fair chance

C. put their own designs in a comer

D. thought they would not win the prize

5.We can infer from the passage that the author ______________.

A. enjoyed grown-up tricks very much

B. 1oved poster competitions very much

C. felt surprised to win the competition

D. became wise and rich after the competition

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