题目内容

Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.

The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump and happy. In 18th century paintings, beauty is equated (使…等同) with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes.

So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England's chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking.

So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who think that running machines are boring, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people's lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gyms "are not making the nation fit", and may even cause harm.

There's new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unsuitable exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely (oppositely) affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.

So, should we forget about gyms and follow some expert's advice to reduce sedentary (久坐不动的) activities and increase exercise in our daily life? After all, getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can't do any harm! One final thought. How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today? 

1.Mr.Pickwick and the paintings of the 18m century are used as examples to show that_____.

A. beauty should be overweight

B. a fat man is usually a cheerful character

C. fatness was considered something good at one time

D. fatness leads to an increased risk of disease

2.According to Sir Liam Donaldson, we should_____.

A. go on a diet                  B. do regular physical activity

C. give up smoking                            D. go to the gym

3.The underlined phrase cross trainers probably refers to _____.

A. people who help you do exercise                   B. places where you can do exercise

C. a kind of shoes                               D. a form of vehicles

4.At present being overweight indicates _____.

A. an increased risk of diseases                   B. a happier life

C. a cheerful character                          D. a beauty

5.What is the passage mainly about?

A. how to keep fit and avoid fatness.          B. increased risks for overweight people.

C. the dangers of exercise in the gym.                 D. the benefit of a balanced diet.

 

【答案】

 

1.C

2.B

3.C

4.A  

5.A

【解析】

试题分析:文章大意:肥胖问题越来越严重了,然而,过量的锻炼对人体也有害,那怎么锻炼才健康呢?

1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump and happy.可知胖曾被看做是幸福。故C正确。

2.B细节理解题。根据文章第四段中According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week.可知要有规律的体育活动。故B正确。

3.C词义推测题。 根据本句后句how much exercise should you do?可以推测cross trainers为一种健身用的用品。故C正确。

4.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes.可知现在肥胖被认为是增加疾病的危险。故A正确。

5.A 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述越来越严重的肥胖问题,以及怎么解决肥胖问题,故A正确。

考点:考查说明文阅读

 

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【小题2】
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【小题3】
A.played withB.go throughC.took offD.made fun of
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【小题6】
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【小题7】
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B
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Doctors are known to be terrible pilots.They don’t listen because they already know it all.I was luckyⅠ became a pilot in 1970almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didn’t realize thenbut becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying.As I flew biggerfaster planesand in worse weatherI learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理)or CRMa new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good resultregardless of positions.

I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after thatan attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flyingI was safety pilot.He was so busy because of the bad turnhe had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down.He was a better pilotand my boss so it felt unusual to speak up.But I had toOur lives were in danger.I put aside my uneasiness and said“We need to put the landing gear down now” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRMand I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.

CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the oppositethe doctor doesn’t overreactwhich might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So when I’m in the operating roomI ask for ideas and help from others.Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up.But I hope that if I continue to encourage themsomeday someone will keep me from “landing_gear_up

1.What does the author say about doctors in general?

AThey like flying by themselves.

BThey are unwilling to take advice.

CThey pretend to be good pilots.

DThey are quick learners of CRM.

2.The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when________.

Ahe saved the plane by speaking up

Bhe was in charge of a flying task

Chis boss landed the plane too late

Dhis boss operated on a patient

3.In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means ________.

Afollowing flying requirements

Boverreacting to different opinions

Clistening to what fellow doctors say

Dmaking a mistake that may cost lives

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

ACRMA New Way to Make Flying Safe

BFlying Makes Me a Better Doctor

CThe Making of a Good Pilot

DA Pilot?Tumed Doctor

 

One night recently, I was driving down a two-lane highway at about 60 miles an hour. A car approached from the  36  direction at about the same speed. As we  37  each other, I caught the other driver’s eye for only a second.  I wondered whether he might be  38  , as I was, how dependent we were on each other at that moment. I was relying on him not to fall  39  , not to be put off by a phone conversation, not to cross over into my lane and bring my life to a sudden  40 . Though we had  41  spoken a word to each other, he relied on me in just the same way.

    Multiplied a million times over, I believe that is the way the world  42 . At some   43  , we all depend upon one another. Sometimes that dependence requires us  44  not to do something like crossing over the double yellow line. And sometimes it requires us to act  45  , with friends or even with  46  .

    As technology  47  our world, the need increases for cooperative action among nations. In 2003, doctors in five nations were quickly organized to identify the SARS virus, which  48  thousands of lives. The threat of international terrorism has shown itself to be a  49  problem, one requiring coordinated action by police and intelligence forces across the world’ We must recognize that our fates are not ours   50  to control.

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3.A. believing      B. thinking         C. admitting            D. suggesting

4.A. down         B. off              C. asleep              D. sick

5.A. end            B. shock            C. surprise             D. disaster

6.A. apparently             B. hardly           C. never               D. ever

7.A. looks                   B. exists            C. stays               D. works

8.A. level          B. place            C. moment                 D. length

9.A. temporarily              B. simply           C. constantly           D. consciously

10.A. independently        B. respectively       C. individually         D. cooperatively

11.A. strangers              B. colleagues        C. parents             D. partners

12.A. develops             B. enlarges          C. shrinks             D. improves

13.A. killed                  B. threatened        C. destroyed           D. saved

14.A. similar                 B. different          C. serious             D. widespread

15.A. alike         B. alone            C. alive                 D. along

16.A. personal              B. public            C. common           D. general

17.A. Therefore             B. Though           C. But                     D. Thus

18.A. friends                B. authorities         C. others             D. oneself

19.A. dark         B. main             C. busy                    D. narrow

20.A. enjoyment            B. trust              C. safety                  D. encouragement

 

Everybody may have seen the film “Death on the Nile ( 尼罗河)”, but nobody can imagine that the writer of the story, Agatha Christie, saved a baby in a most unusual way.

In June 1977, a baby girl became seriously ill in Deleville. Doctors there were unable to find out the cause of her illness, so she was sent to a famous hospital in London, where there were many excellent doctors. The baby was so seriously ill that a team of doctors hurried to examine her without delay. The doctors, too, were puzzled by the baby’s illness and they also became discouraged. Just then a nurse asked to speak to them.

“I think the baby is suffering from thallium (铊) poisoning. ” said the nurse. “A few days ago, I read a story ‘A Pale Horse’ written by Agatha Christie. Someone uses thallium poison, and all the symptoms (症状) are written in the book. They are exactly the same as the baby’s.”

“You’re very good at observing things,” said a doctor, “and you may be right. We’ll carry out some tests and find out whether the cause is thallium poisoning or not.”

The tests proved that the baby had indeed been poisoned by thallium. Once they knew the cause, the doctors were able to give her correct treatment. The baby soon got well and was sent back to Deleville. A week later it was reported that the poison might have come from an insecticide (杀虫剂) used in Deleville.

1.The baby was sent to a hospital in London because ______.

A.her parents were living in London then

B.the hospitals in Deleville were full at that time

C.doctors in Deleville were not sure about the cause of her illness

D.she was the daughter of a famous doctor in London

2.When the baby was first sent to the hospital in London, her illness was considered to be ______

A quite easy to treat      

B. the result of thallium poisoning

C.    a common one            

D. extraordinarily serious

3.From this passage it seems that the baby’s illness had something to do with ______.

A a dead writer              B. a harmful substance ( 物质) used to kill pests

C. the water in Deleville    D. a dangerous murderer

4. As far as we can tell from the story, Agatha Christie ______.

A.had never met this baby

B.had spent a long time studying the baby’s illness

C.visited the baby both in Deleville and London

D.gave the nurse some advice on the telephone

 

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