题目内容
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文后图标中的空格里填入最恰当的一个单词。
White-collar workers going to great lengths for stress relief
A soldier of the South Korean special attack corps paints his eyes during a friendly Taekwondo match at a South Korean Army Base in Pochon, north of Seoul.
Stressed out white-collar workers are scaling（攀登） skyscrapers, camping out on rooftops, smashing up restaurants, pretending to be children and even visiting cemeteries in a bid to relieve the pressure of modern life.
As the country’s economy continues to steam ahead, once popular forms of entertainment, such as karaoke, card games and even boxing bars, appear to be losing their appeal.
Consider the members of Shanghai’s Cat Rain club. By day, this group of young women works executive jobs, but by night they climb buildings so they can spend the night on the roof. "It’s a good way to release our pressure. You feel relaxed when you’re sitting on the roof, looking up to the sky and chatting with intimate（亲密的）friends," said Gong Ying, 25.
The stress of work is not just limited to people in Shanghai. A recently-opened restaurant in Beijing encourages customers to smash plates - as long as they are willing to pay to replace them.
Though there has been some debate about the extravagance（奢侈）of such services, some psychologists say the activity reflects the desire of some white-collar workers to vent their angst.
Some workers even appear eager to return to their childhoods. This May, hundreds of people took part in a festival in which adults pretended to be children. It was an adults-only event, and participants could read comics and eat sweets all day.
Scenic places such as parks and rivers can also help people relax and put things in perspective. But a cemetery? Cemetery companies in Shanghai organized visits to local graveyards for stressed-out workers in March. The participants were taken to quiet spots in the cemetery where they could contemplate （考虑 ）life and their futures.
Roof-camper Chen Bin, an IT marketing professional, said she had camped out on a rooftop about 30 times. When she’s not sleeping out under the stars, she also has several other adrenalin-fueled interests, such as downhill racing and paragliding.
"Pressure may bring us distress, but it doesn’t mean we can’t find ways out," Chen says. "Life should be imaginative."
【小题1】relieve / reduce/ release
【小题1】popularity / appeal / attraction
【小题1】like
【小题1】 modern
【小题1】spending
【小题1】smash
【小题1】pretend
【小题1】relax
【小题1】sleeping
【小题1】 imaginative
解析【小题1】词性转化题：从标题的White-collar workers going to great lengths for stress relief可知把relief改成relieve / reduce/ release
【小题1】原词重现：从第三段的句子：appear to be losing their appeal.可知填 popularity / appeal / attraction
【小题1】词组转化题：第三段的such as改成 like
【小题1】原词重现：从第二段的句子cemeteries in a bid to relieve the pressure of modern life.可知答案是modern
【小题1】词性转化题：从第四段的句子so they can spend the night on the roof.可知spend改成 spending
【小题1】原词重现：从第五段的句子：A recently-opened restaurant in Beijing encourages customers to smash plates 可知要填smash
【小题1】词形转化题：从第六段的句子：hundreds of people took part in a festival in which adults pretended to be children.可知填 pretend
【小题1】原词重现：从第六段的句子：Scenic places such as parks and rivers can also help people relax and put things in perspective.可知填relax
【小题1】原词重现：从最后一段的句子：When she’s not sleeping out under the stars,可知填sleeping
【小题1】原词重现：从最后一段的句子："Life should be imaginative."可知答案是 imaginative
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。
Each year there is an increasing number of cars as millions of new cars are produced in America . Americans will not live without cars ! However , some have realised the serious problem of air pollution by cars . It is necessary to find ways to solve the problem of air pollution .
One way to clean the air is to build a new kind of clean car . That’s what several of the large car factories are trying to do . But to build a clean car is easier said than done . Progress in this field has been slow .
Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else . Engineers are now working on it . Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that can please man .
To prevebt the world being polluted by cars , They have to cut down on the number of their cars and are encouraged to travel and go to work by bike . But this change doesn’t close down ---- many workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down . And the problem of their pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.
Title : (1) _____ and Pollution in America
| Problem | Method | (6)____ | Conclusion |
| Air (2) _____ | Building a new kind of the car (3) _____ by something else | Progress in this field is (7)______ | Americans may live a happy but (10)____ life . |
| (4)_____ down on the number of cars | It takes years to develop a practical (8)______ | ||
| Traveling and going to work by (5) ______ | (9) _____ may lose jobs |
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空限填1个单词。
The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
The Invention of the Garden City
| Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928) | was___1____ for the invention of the garden city; immigrated from England to the US; ___2____ in his attempt to make a living ; moved to Chicago and saw the city being ___3___; took ___4___ of the popular ideas and created a unique combination of designs. |
| The ___5___ of the 19th century city and countryside | City: Though a terrible place, the city had economic and social opportunities to ___6___. Countryside: Fresh___7___ the air there was, job opportunities were inadequate, let alone social life. |
| Howard’s idea of a garden city | A garden city would be built in the countryside where the land wasn’t ___8___; ___9___ a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries, garden cities would be surrounded by a green belt; As the garden city reached the planned belt, another would be started a short distance away, a transportation system connecting it to the others ___10___. |
IV: 任务型读写
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Do American children still learn handwriting in school? In this age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.
Steve Graham, a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University, says he has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years. However, a recent survey shows that it is still being taught by about 90% of teachers in grades one to three. 90% of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting. But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. Professor Graham says that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. “And then when you look at how it’s taught, you have some teachers who are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for ten, fifteen minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day -- which really for handwriting is pretty much death.”
Many adults remember learning by copying letters over and over again. Today’s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself but be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.
Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility (清楚), which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency -- writing without having to think about it. The professor says fluency continues to develop up until high school.
But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report about one-fourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition programs. But Professor Graham says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. Even with high school teachers, we find that less than 50% of assignments are done via word processing or with word processing. And, in fact, if we added in taking notes and doing tests in class, most of the writing done in school is done by hand.
American children traditionally first learn to print, then to write in cursive (草体的), which connects the letters. But actually more than 75% of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.
|
Title |
Write or Wrong: The Death of Handwriting? |
|
Theme |
Handwriting lessons are on the way out. |
|
Present (56)_______ of handwriting lessons |
It’s required to teach by about (57)_____ of teachers in grades one to three; Three out of every four teachers aren’t prepared to teach handwriting; (58) _______ are provided from 10-15 minutes a day to 60-70 minutes a day respectively. |
|
Common (59)________ on teaching handwriting |
Short periods of practice are better; It should not be taught by itself (60)_______ be used as a way to get students to express ideas |
|
Two skills (61)______ in handwriting |
Legibility; (62)_____. |
|
(63)____ of poor handwriting |
Computers and voice recognition programs are (64)________; The fact that most of the writing done in school is done by hand is ignored; More than 75% of students (65)____ printing their essay on tests to writing in cursive. |
第五部分：任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的横线上填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空只填一个单词。
Quality after-school programs are designed to improve academic performance, decrease youth crimes and other high-risk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults.
The effect of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear. Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to blame. After-school programs also influence high-risk teen behavior. Various studies show decreased rates of crime, drug-taking, and teen sex among youth who join in well-run after-school programs when compared to similar youth who do not. Finally, after-school programs play an important role in supporting different kinds of fields of development: physical development, mental development and social development. Thus, one can safely say that after-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.
Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that after-school programs can make a positive difference, it is important to note that not all programs are equal. First, dosage matters -- young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time. Next, after-school programs make a bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices. Finally, program qualities matter. After-school programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youth. They should provide opportunities, skill building meaningful involvement, expression, suggestion, service, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youth as partners, create safe and fair environment, encourage personalized involvement, and actively create learning opportunities. In short, although after-school programs have a promising future, how they are designed and run matters.
Title: Quality After-school Programs
|
Purpose |
1.（56）_______ academic performance 2. Decreasing youth crimes and other high-risk behaviors 3. Helping young people grow into healthy, successful adults |
|
|
（57） ____ |
1. Improved academic performance ● better work habits ● higher rates of homework completion ● improved grades and higher scores ● fewer absences and（58）_____ blame |
Helping young people become members making a（61）______ to society |
|
2. Decreased high-risk teen, behaviors ● decreased rates of crime ●the（59）_______ of drug ● teen sex among youth |
||
|
3.（60）_______ fields of development ● physical development ● mental development ● social development |
||
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Factor |
1. Dosage matters. 2.（62）_______matter. 3. Qualities matter. |
|
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（63）_____ |
The future of after-school programs is promising,（64）_____ how to design and run the programs is very（65）_______. |