题目内容
Did you ________ or stay ________ home for the holidays?
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口算能手系列答案
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
【小题1】According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.
| A．doing a medical experiment | B．solving a math problem |
| C．visiting an exhibition | D．doing scientific reasoning |
| A．active learning | B．knowledge | C．communication | D．passive learning |
| A．a message may be changed when being passed on |
| B．a message should be delivered in different ways |
| C．people may have problems with their sense of hearing |
| D．people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor |
| A．Active learning is less important. | B．Passive learning may not be reliable. |
| C．Active learning occurs more frequently. | |
| D．Passive learning is not found among scholars. |
Six Ways to Improve Reading Comprehension
Help your child keep what he reads—a crucial skill, especially as he gets older and needs to gain important information from textbooks.
Have him read aloud. This forces him to go slower, which gives him more time to process what he reads. 71
Provide the right kinds of books. Make sure your child gets lots of practice reading books that aren’t too hard. 72 Stopping any more often than that to figure out a word makes it tough for him to focus on the overall meaning of the story.
73 To gain meaning from text, your child needs to read quickly and smoothly—a skill known as fluency. Rereading familiar, simple books gives your child practice at decoding words quickly so he'll become more fluent.
Talk to the teacher. If your child is struggling hard with comprehension, he may need more help with his reading—for example, building his vocabulary or practicing phonics skills.
Supplement class reading. If his class is studying a particular theme, look for easy-to-read books or magazines on the topic. Some prior knowledge will make his way through tougher classroom texts.
Talk about what he's reading. This “verbal processing” helps him remember and think through the themes of the book. 74 For example:
●Before: “What interests you in this book? What doesn't?”
●During: “ 75 Is it turning out the way you thought it would? ”
●After: “Can you summarize the book? What did you like about it?”
| A．Reread to build fluency. |
| B．What's going on in the book? |
| C．Look up new words in the dictionary. |
| D．Do you know all the characters in the story? |
F. Plus, he's not only seeing the words, he's hearing them, too.
G. He should recognize at least 90 percent of the words without any help.