题目内容

Play allows children to use their creativity while developing their imagination and physical, cognitive (认知的), and emotional strength. Play is important to healthy brain development. Play allows children to create and explore a world they can master, conquering their fears while practicing adult roles. Undirected play allows children to learn how to work in groups, to share, to negotiate, and to resolve conflicts.

??? Ideally, much of play involves adults, but when play is controlled by adults, children acquiesce (顺从) to adult rules and concerns and lose some of the benefits play offers them, particularly in developing creativity, leadership, and group skills. In contrast to passive entertainment, play builds active, healthy bodies. In fact, it has been suggested that encouraging unstructured play may be an exceptional way to increase physical activity levels in children, which is one important strategy in the resolution of the obesity problem.

??? Children’s development is critically influenced by appropriate, affective relationships with loving and consistent caregivers as they relate to children through play. When parents observe their children in play or join with them in child-driven play, they are given a unique opportunity to see the world from their children’s vantage point as the child navigates a world perfectly created just to fit his or her needs. The interactions that occur through play tell children that parents are fully paying attention to them and help to build enduring relationships. Parents who have the opportunity to look at their children’s world learn to communicate more effectively with their children and are given another setting to offer guidance. Less verbal children may be able to express their views, giving their parents an opportunity to gain a fuller understanding of their perspective. Quite simply, play offers parents a wonderful opportunity to engage fully with their children.

??? Play is essential to the academic environment. It ensures that the school setting attends to the social and emotional development of children as well as their cognitive development. It has been shown to help children adjust to the school setting and even to strengthen children’s learning willingness. Social-emotional learning is best integrated (融合) with academic learning; it is concerning if some of the forces that enhance children’s ability to learn are improved at the expense of others. Play and unscheduled time that allow for peer interactions are important components of social-emotional learning.

1.Compared with undirected play, play which is controlled by adults ________.

A. doesn’t benefit the children at all

B. doesn’t help develop leadership and group skills

C. makes children become more active

D. helps increase physical activity levels

2.The third paragraph mainly tells us that ________.

A. play offers parents a good chance to establish good relationships with children

B. children’s development is greatly influenced by relationships with parents

C. play helps children better express their views

D. play offers parents a unique opportunity to see the world from a different perspective

3.From the last paragraph, we know that ________.

A. play can’t help children become adapted to the school setting

B. play makes social-emotional learning and academic learning separated

C. play is beneficial to social-emotional learning as well as academic learning

D. it is necessary to strengthen children’s academic development at the expense of others

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Undirected play can help children develop team spirit.

B. Play can improve children’s willingness to learn.

C. Play helps adults gain a better understanding of the children’s thoughts.

D. Adults shouldn’t be involved in children’s play.

 

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.D

【解析】

试题分析:本文介绍了游戏玩耍在孩子的各项能力的发展培养中很重要,它既可以帮助父母了解孩子的世界,与孩子建立良好关系,还可以提高孩子的社会情感学习能力和学术学习能力。

1.细节题,根据第二段中when play is controlled by adults, children acquiesce (顺从) to adult rules and concerns and lose some of the benefits play offers them, particularly in developing creativity, leadership, and group skills当游戏是由成年人控制的时候,孩子们会顺从大人的规则和关注点,失去了一部分游戏给他们带来的益处,特别是创造力、领导能力和组织能力的发展。故选B

2.推理题,根据文章第三段最后一句“ Quite simply, play offers parents a wonderful opportunity to engage fully with their children.”非常简单,游戏提供给父母一个能够和孩子全心全意一起玩的好机会。根据常理可知以孩子的角度和孩子一起玩可以增加亲子关系。故选A

3.细节题,根据最后一段中“ It has been shown to help children adjust to the school setting”它已经被证明可以帮助孩子适应学校环境,故A错误;根据最后一段中“ Social-emotional learning is best integrated (融合) with academic learning;”社会情感学习和学术学习是融合在一起的,可知B错误;根据最后一段中“It ensures that the school setting attends to the social and emotional development of children as well as their cognitive development”它能确保在学校环境中孩子的社会情感发展和他们的认知发展一样好。因此C正确;根据最后一段中“it is concerning if some of the forces that enhance children’s ability to learn are improved at the expense of others.”如果牺牲其它能力发展来强迫提高孩子的学习能力,这令人感到担忧,由此可知D错误。故选C

4.细节题,根据第一段中“ Undirected play allows children to learn how to work in groups, to share, to negotiate, and to resolve conflicts.”无指导的游戏可以使孩子们学到如何在团队工作、分享、谈判、解决冲突。由此可知A正确;根据最后一段中 even to strengthen children’s learning willingness甚至加强孩子学习意愿,因此B正确;根据第三段中giving their parents an opportunity to gain a fuller understanding of their perspective给他们父母一个机会更全面了解他们的观点,由此可知C正确;阅读文章第三段内容可知家长与孩子在一起玩才能更好地了解孩子的思想,和孩子建立紧密的亲子关系,因此D错误。故选D

考点:考查科教类短文

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【小题1】
A.cleverB.luckyC.happyD.cautious
【小题2】
A.previousB.unusualC.constant D.positive
【小题3】
A.concludedB.suspectedC.promisedD.thought
【小题4】
A.anyhowB.anytimeC.anywhereD.anyway
【小题5】
A.changesB.forms C.worksD.appears
【小题6】
A.keepB.controlC.blameD.guide
【小题7】
A.availableB.consistentC.sensitiveD.similar
【小题8】
A.muchB.littleC.someD.enough
【小题9】
A.choiceB.chanceC.resultD.reward
【小题10】
A.wake upB.look upC.turn upD.stand up
【小题11】
A.successB.surpriseC.pleasureD.worry
【小题12】
A.makingB.helpingC.listening toD.calling on
【小题13】
A.wasteB.spendC.saveD.enjoy
【小题14】
A.naturalB.commonC.accurateD.special
【小题15】
A.stayB.stopC.leaveD.arrive
【小题16】
A.discoverB.presentC.experienceD.accept
【小题17】
A.beyondB.withinC.throughD.against
【小题18】
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【小题19】
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【小题1】The underlined word “wrinkled” in the third paragraph probably means ________.

A.brokenB.having small lines or folds in it
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【小题2】The speaker did this test in order to _____________.
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【小题3】What would the speaker probably talk about next?
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   【小题5】   
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A.Do whatever you like and want to do.
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Some people would go through anything just to achieve their dream. Kasia Siwosz is proof. For the final year student on the university women’s tennis team, the road to Berkeley, University of California was met with poor advice and misinformation from her home country and two unsuccessful stops along the way that fell short of expectations.

   Born in Poland, Siwosz began playing tennis at seven years old and developed the skills that helped her earn a top-50 ranking among the ITF Junior division (国际网球联会青少年赛).. Siwosz wanted to do more with her life than just play tennis, which led her to seek chances that would also allow her to obtain a top education. While most who grow up in the U.S. are naturally accustomed to the American tradition of collegiate (大学的) sports, such a custom is not as familiar in a country like Poland. “There’s no collegiate sports in Poland and no culture of sports and academic (学术的) study there. You can only do one, not both,” Siwosz said.

    Her desire to have a quality education led her to America to follow her dream. While Siwosz was talented enough to begin her collegiate tennis career, she could only attend community college because she missed the deadline to apply to four-year schools, mainly due to misinformation provided in her home country of Poland.

   When she had earned all her credits and was able to transfer (转学), Siwosz made the decision to attend Baylor in Texas. Her friends from Poland put in a good word for the university, saying that it was a good fit because there were many international players at Baylor. “I thought it would be a good idea, but it really wasn’t what I thought it would be,” Siwosz said. “I wasn’t happy at Baylor. The level of tennis was high, but the academic standards were no match and I just wanted more.”

    After one year at Baylor, Siwosz’s luck finally began to change when she made the decision to transfer to Berkeley, which was due in large part to Lee, a former Berkeley student. Lee, who is a keen tennis player himself, met Siwosz four years ago in Texas. “I knew she was unhappy there,” he said. “I saw the opportunity for her to come here.” Siwosz visited Lee in Berkeley. “I ended up loving this place and this school,” Siwosz said. “I came here a lot over the summer, I gave it a shot and I ended up with a Berkeley education and a spot on one of the best college tennis teams in the country.”

1.What does “two unsuccessful stops” (Paragraph 1) refer to?

A. Poland and the U.S.

B. Baylor and Berkeley.

C. The community college and Baylor.

D. The ITF Junior division and the Berkeley tennis team.

2. Why did Siwosz want to leave her homeland for America?

A. Poland had no culture of sports.

B. Berkeley had always been her dream university.

C. She wanted to play tennis and have a good education.

D. She wanted to improve her tennis skills and get a higher ranking.

3. Why did she leave Baylor?

A. The level of tennis there was not high.

B. It was not suitable for international students.

C. She couldn’t get along with her friends there.

D. She was not satisfied with the education level there.

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. How Siwosz left Poland.               

B. How Siwosz realized her dream.

C. How Siwosz became a top tennis player. 

D. How Siwosz transferred from Baylor to Berkeley.

 

 

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