题目内容

【题目】语法填空
Most Americans don't like to get advice from members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. When they need advice, they don't(usual) go to people they know. Instead, many ofwrite letters to newspapers and magazinesgive advice on many different subjects, (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and evenhow to buy a house or a car.
Most newspapers regularly print letters from(read) with problems. Along with the letters are answers(write) by people who are supposed(know) how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, and others are lawyers or educators.two of the most famous writers of advice(be) women without special training for this kind of work.

【答案】usually;them;that/which;including;on;readers;written;to know;But;are
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,美国有这样一种社会现象:大部分人在遇到困难后,并不是向家人寻求帮助和建议,而是求助于陌生人。因此很多报纸和杂志就会经常刊登读者求助来信和一些专家的回信,给出建议。
(1)考查副词。副词修饰动词,所以答案是usually。
(2)考查代词。句意:他们中的很多人给报纸和杂志写信。根据句意可知答案为them。
(3)考查定语从句。此处newspapers and magazines是先行词,在后面的定语从句中做主语,指物,所以答案是that/which。
(4)考查介词。句意:关于家庭问题,语言使用,......,甚至关于怎样买房子或汽车。根据句意可知答案为including。
(5)考查介词。句意:甚至关于怎样买房子或汽车。on how to do sth.所以答案是on。
(6)考查名词。句意:大多数报纸定期打印来自读者有问题的信件。用名词的复数形式,所以答案是readers。
(7)考查过去分词。此处是过去分词做后置定语,所以答案是written。
(8)考查不定式。be supposed to do sth.固定短语,“本应该做某事”,所以答案是to know。
(9)考查连词。句意:这些作者当中有一些是医生,另一些是律师或教育工作者。但是最著名的咨询作者中有两位是没有经过这种工作的专门训练的女性。前后表示转折,所以答案是But。注意大写开头。
(10)考查主谓一致。句意:但是最著名的咨询作者中有两位是没有经过这种工作的专门训练的女性。句子用一般现在时态,主语是two of...,复数形式,所以答案是are。

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【题目】根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。Look into hunters' eyes
Have you ever been face to face with a cat or a sheep? If you have,you probably noticed that cats narrow their eyes to vertical (垂直的) slits (狭缝),while sheep have horizontal pupils (瞳孔).
Why is the difference?
Scientists from the Universities of California Berkeley and Durham in Britain may have the answer. Their research, published recently in the journal Science Advances, suggested that pupils' shapes could tell whether an animal is a hunter or gets hunted.
The researchers took a close look at the eyes of 214 land animals.The challenge was to see if they could find a relationship between an animal's role in the food chain and the pupils' shapes.
They found a pattern. Species with pupils that are vertical slits are more likely to be small ambush predators (捕猎者) – creatures that lie in wait for their lunch.In contrast,those with horizontal pupils are more likely to be plant-eating prey (猎物) species.
Evolution chose the arrangement for a good reason.For hunters such as household cats,it appears that vertical pupils not only improve their ability to keep track of moving objects like mice,but also maximize (使最大化) their ability to judge the distances of the animals they hunt.
However, an interesting discovery from the study is that the slit pupils are mostly linked to hunters that are close to the ground. Therefore, bigger cats who actively hunt down their prey, like tigers and lions, don't have slit pupils.
On the other hand, for plant-eating prey animals, horizontal pupils give them a wider field of vision.When stretched (伸展) horizontally,the pupils allow for more light to enter from the front, back, and sides. Meanwhile, they also limit the amount of light from the sun above so the animal can see the ground better.“ Once they do find a predator,they need to see where they are running,” said leading researcher Martin Banks,a UC Berkeley professor of optometry (视光学).“They have to see well enough out of the corner of their eye to run quickly and jump over things.”
But what happens when they bend down to eat? Researchers checked this by watching prey animals in the Oakland Zoo in California, US. They believe that when goats lower their heads to eat,their eyes rotate (旋转) to keep their pupils horizontal.
So it seems that the eyes are indeed the window to the soul!
(1)What is the article mainly about?
A.How animals keep track of moving objects.
B.Why animals have evolved with different shaped pupils.
C.How animals change their pupils' shape when hunting for food.
D.How the pupils' shape influences an animal's ability to detect a predator.
(2)According to the study, slit pupils ______.
A.help to provide a wider field of vision
B.are more likely to belong to big predators
C.are more likely to belong to those to get hunted
D.provide the sharpest way to judge hunting distance
(3)What can we conclude from the article about plant-eating prey animals?
A.Their pupils allow more light to be received from both above and below.
B.Their pupils are able to help them scan their surroundings for threats.
C.Once they detect a predator,their eyes rotate to help them find where to run.
D.When they lower their heads to eat,they narrow their eyes to vertical slits.

【题目】American women who work as computer programmers, chefs and dentists earn 28 percent less than men doing the same jobs. Those are the jobs with the biggest wage differences between men and women, according to a new study.

On the whole, the study found that women earn 5.4 percent less than men for doing the same job, in the same location and for the same employer. The wage differences between women and men were similar in the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany and France.

5.4 percent is a big difference in pay between men and women because it cannot be explained by women and men taking the same kinds of jobs. It can only be explained by bias(偏见) against women, or other causes, such as women not being good at asking for pay.

Research suggests that women do not negotiate as well as men when it comes to pay. And women are generally more uncomfortable asking fellow employees how much they make, so they cannot see if they are being paid fairly.

According to the study, women earned at least 15 percent less than men in these job categories: psychologists, pharmacists, physicians, opticians, pilots and game artists.

But in the fields of social work, selling merchandise, research assistants and physician advisors, women earn more than men. In social work, women earned 7.8 percent more than men, the report said. That was the job category with the biggest advantage for women. It was still far less than the 28 percent pay advantage for men in some fields.

Comparing salaries for full-time workers, women earn only 79 percent as much as men. Over a lifetime, that much of a difference in pay can amount to a large amount of money.

Women only earned 57 percent as much as men in 1975. It is now up to 79 percent. That is progress, the report says, but not enough.

1Which of the following has the biggest pay differences between women and men?

A. A pilot. B. A game artist.

C. A research assistant. D. A computer programmer.

2Why do women earn less than men when doing the same job?

A. They are not good at negotiating for pay.

B. They care less about their pay than men.

C. Women look down upon themselves.

D. They don’t work as effectively as men.

3How much income do full-time women workers lose compared with men?

A. 5.4%. B. 7.8%.

C. 21%. D. 28%.

4What does the report think of the women’s pay?

A. It is growing rather quickly. B. It is rising but not satisfying.

C. It is not fair for women workers. D. It is reasonable for present situation.

【题目】阅读理解
“Mum, what does it mean when someone tells you that they have a skeleton(骨骼) in the closet?” Jessica asked. “A skeleton in the closet?” her mother paused thoughtfully. “Well, it's something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dad's family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be ‘a skeleton in his family's closet'. He really wouldn't want any neighbor to know about it.”
“Why pick on my family?” Jessica's father said with anger. “Your family history isn't so good. You know. Wasn't your great-great-grandfather a prisoner who was sent to Australia for his crimes?” “Yes, but people these days say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners.” “Gosh, sorry I asked, I think I understand now,” Jessica cut in before things grew worse.
After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jessica's parents were still quite angry with each other. Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband, who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she gathered the freshly pressed clothes in her arms and walked to Jessica's closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from the dark depths and a bundle of white bones fell to the floor. Jessica's mother sank into a faint(晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.
“What happened?Where am I?” she asked. “You just destroyed the school's skeleton, Mum,” explained Jessica. “I brought it home to help me with my health project, I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.” Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. “They're both crazy,” she thought.
(1)According to Jessica's mother, “a skeleton in the closet” means ______.
A.a family honor
B.a family secret
C.a family story
D.a family treasure
(2)What can we learn about some Australians' ancestors from Paragraph 2?
A.They were involved in some crimes in Australia.
B.They were the earliest people living in Australia
C.They were brought to Australia as prisoners.
D.They were not regarded as criminals in their day.
(3)Jessica's mother fell down into a faint because she was ________.
A.frightened
B.surprised
C.injured
D.knocked
(4)Jessica' sparents laughed madly at the end of the story probably because_________.
A.they were crazy
B.they were overexcited
C.they realized their misunderstanding
D.they both thought they had won the quarrel

【题目】Since Abbi Hickman was just a little girl, she has been surrounded by animals. Chickens, cats, dogs, rabbits, and sometimes goats are just some of the animals she cares for. At the age of 9, Abbi went to the Tracy Animal Shelter,in her hometown of Tracy,California,to adopt Sheldon,her favorite cat. There,she saw the poor conditions that the animals were kept in. Abbi knew that it was her duty to take action.

Pins for Pets is Abbi’s solution. For the last three years, she has organized a bowling tournament to raise funds for the Tracy Animal Shelter. She has raised more than $30,000, resulting in a better home for the animals. “Now the shelter is nicer and cleaner and animals have more space. It is far better, a hundred percent better,” Abbi says.

To praise Abbi for her outstanding efforts, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) named her the 2015 ASPCA Tommy P. Monahan Kid of the Year. This award is given to kids who make a substantial (大量的) effort to help animals. Abbi responded to the news of her win with shock. “I was pretty excited. I’ m really honored to receive it,” she says.

Sacrificing time and effort to assist animals can sometimes be difficult, but Abbi hopes to do more. “I want to spread my free services to more shelters. I really just hope people are kinder to animals and respect them more,” says Abbi, sharing her goals for her organization.

At the age of 12, Abbi has already accomplished so much. The advice she has for kids like her, who want to accomplish their goals, is, “Nothing is impossible. You can do anything you put your mind to. Even if it is something small, it can make a huge difference.” Abbi’s work has improved the lives of animals, and she plans to keep coming up with new ways to help them.

1When she was very little, Abbi went to the Tracy Animal Shelter and .

A. adopted a dog called Sheldon she liked best

B. raised kids’ awareness of protecting animals

C. found the poor conditions the animals lived in

D. learned some knowledge about some animals

2How has Abbi raised money during the last three years?

A. By begging from door to door.

B. By organizing a bowling match.

C. By helping others look after some animals.

D. By turning to the Tracy Animal Shelter for help.

3Which of the following can best describe Abbi?

A. Cautious and loyal.

B. Determined and imaginative.

C. Changeable but optimistic.

D. Responsible and Caring.

4What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?

A. Abbi’s organization is non-profit.

B. Abbi thinks she has done enough.

C. Helping animals is a piece of cake.

D. People are friendly enough to animals.

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