题目内容

17.[1]How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life.Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are,and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.
[2]Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner.If we do,they tell us,we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment.Changing fashion,of course,does not apply just to dress.A barber today does not cut a boy's hair in the same way as he used to,and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did.The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.
[3]What causes fashions to change?Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion.Take hats,for example.In cold climates,early buildings were cold inside,so people wore hats indoors as well as outside.In recent times,the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats:more American men followed his example.
[4]There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion.In the 1920s in Europe and America,short skirts became fashionable.After World War Two,they dropped to ankle length.Then they got shorter and shorter and the miniskirt was in fashion.After a few more years,skirts became longer again.
[5]Today,society is much freer and easier than it used to be.It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else.Within reason,you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion.The popularity of jeans and the"untidy"look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion houses.
76.What do the fashion magazines or TV advertisements claim to bring to us?
(no more than 2words
77.Why does the writer take President Kennedy as an example?(no more than 14 words)To show the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion
78.What does the writer try to explain by talking about short skirts?(no more than 8 words)There is a cyclical pattern in fashion                                                                
79.Why are jeans so popular according to the writer?(no more than 10 words)Because it's a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion                                               
80.According to the passage,how can the fashion in modern society be best described?( one word)Free.

分析 本文讲述了时尚在不断的变化,作者分析了时尚变化的原因,并号召我们不要盲目追随所谓的时尚,要保留自己的个性.

解答 76.Confidence  在第二段"If we do,they tell us,we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment"反复提到报刊杂志以及广告传递给我们的信息,即"with confidence""confidently".
77.To show the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion.根据第三段可知,"convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion"这句为此段的主题句,意为"有影响力的一些人会带动时尚",紧接着举例子证明.
78.There is a cyclical pattern in fashion.第四段这句话"There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion"是主题句.意为"时尚会有一个周期性的特点",然后拿"short skirts"作为例子,目的为了证明观点.
79.Because it's a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion.最后一段的最后一句话"The popularity of jeans and the"untidy"look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion"可以看出,作者用来解释牛仔之所以受欢迎的原因.
80.Free  根据最后一段"society is much freer and easier than it used to be"可知,如今的社会要求时尚倾向于更自由,更简单化.

点评 本文是阅读表达,属于说明类的.话题较贴近学生难度适中.学生在答题时需完整的阅读完,再回头带着问题找答案,注意将信息整合重组替换等方式.

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8.What historical site impresses you the most?I've always been fascinated by the pyramids in Egypt.A few years ago I braved a long queue and climbed through a narrow passage to reach the main chamber deep inside one of them.Like millions of other tourists I marvelled at stoned-walled rooms full of the magic of this ancient civilisation.
But popularity might be the collapse (崩溃) of such archaeological treasures.
Take Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings,for example.It lay untouched for more than 3,000years until the British archaeologist Howard Carter uncovered it in 1922.Now more than 1,000people a day walk through it.
But as more and more people visit,the temperature and humidity (湿度) inside the tomb change.As a result,the beautifully decorated plaster (胶泥) is coming away from the rock.
In order to preserve its heritage,a replica of the monument is being opened about one km away from the actual burial site.Specialists have recorded every detail of Tutankhamun's tomb and used the data to recreate it.
Adam Lowe from the organisation behind the project,Factum Arte,says the copy is identical to the original.He believes visitors will want to"become part of the force that protects it rather than a force that is leading to its destruction",so won't mind seeing a replica.
But for historian Tom Holland,a copy is still a copy.He believes that although preservation is important,there is something unique about places like Tutankhamun's tomb.
He says it was built"by people who believed in the world of the spirits,the dead and the supernatural.You don't have to believe in a god or gods to feel a place is consecrated and has a particular quality that can't be reproduced."
What about you:would you visit a replica of a monument rather than the original to help preserve it?

51.The author mentions Tutankhamen's tomb to showD.
A.its marvelous ancient civilization
B.its popularity among tourists
C.its inner beautiful decoration
D.its damage caused by human activities
52.The underlined word"replica"(in Paragraph 5)means"B".
A.copy
B.tomb
C.palace
D.door
53.The critics who are against the project hold the view thatB.
A.visitors will mind it
B.it can't be replaced
C.its inner beautiful decoration
D.its damage caused by human activities
54.What is the author's tone towards the project?B
A.Favorable.
B.Doubtful.
C.Objective.
D.Negtive.
5.Are you an optimist?Do you look at your glass and see it as half full?Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that things generally turn out for the best?Do you believe that if something is meant to be,it will be?If you reply"yes"to all of these questions,then you are an optimist.You probably are enthusiastic,cheerful and outgoing.You may be successful at work and in love.
But you may be misguided because things don't turn out for the best.You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example,you may fail to obtain a new job; another chance will come around soon).Wrong.When one door closes,another door slams (砰然关上) in your face.That's bitter reality.
Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along.It's called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism.Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results.Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear,anxiety and worry.Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves.They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems.And this gives them a sense of control.Lawrence Sanno,a psychology professor,says,"What's interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people,so their low opinion of the situation's outcomes is not realistic.They use it to motivate themselves to perform better."
So far,so good.This is not rocket science.Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong,whether at work,on date or even in a sports game.It makes sense to have a back-up plan.There are many sayings in English urging caution.For example,"Don't put all your eggs in one basket."And"Don't count your chickens until they hatch."To have a confident and optimistic approach to life's problems is good.But listen to what Woody Alien,the American comedian says,"Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem."
There are pros and cons(利与弊) to being an optimist and a pessimist.Don't feel bad if you see the glass half empty.You are a realist.But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.

74.What's the passage mainly about?A
A.The benefits of defensive pessimism.
B.A book that has recently been published.
C.The dangers of being too optimistic.
D.How to become successful in life.
75.The underlined sentence"This is not rocket science"(Para.4)meansB.
A.there is no real proof              
B.it is quite simple to understand
C.the cost is not so high  
D.it's not a dangerous thing to do
76.Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?C
A.Whatever will be,will be.
B.The glass is half full not half empty.
C.Don't put all your eggs in one basket.
D.Every cloud has a silver lining.
77.We can infer from the passage that the writer is probablyA.
A.a realist    B.an optimist    C.a defeatist  D.a scientist.
12.There has been much discussion recently about reducing the weight of English in China's high-stake tests such as the national college entrance examination.It is argued by some applauding the recent change to reduce the importance of English in tests so that it will lead students to focus more on learning Chinese.The TV program Writing in Chinese has exposed the problem that students and the general public cannot write in Chinese as they used to do.
Some blame the design of the curriculum for giving English an equal or greater amount of emphasis,which might have contributed to the failure in teaching Chinese.But this is probably not a fair accusation since children in English speaking countries cannot spell either.
I doubt that studying English in itself hurts the study of Chinese.In fact,high achievers in English or another foreign language are more likely to be high achievers in Chinese.It has been proved many times in recent Chinese history that those capable of using a foreign language are also masters in their mother tongue.Qian Zhongshu,Lu Xun and Lin Yutang are just a few examples.
Another trend of thought for curriculum reform is related to the perception of"worth".It is true that English is one of the subjects that students do spend too much time on,with pitiful results.This makes some doubt if it is worth giving it priority.But this is not a sound argument either as students still need to study things that matter more to their future in spite of challenges learning English presents to them.
Improvements in Chinese language education should not be achieved by sacrificing another important subject.There should be a robust(健康的) foreign language education program,as a foreign language improves a student's future job prospects.Bashing(抨击) English education as a waste of time or using it as a goat for failures in Chinese education are both harmful tendencies.
To be constructive,we ought to start a dialogue on ways to make improvements in learning outcomes so that students'time learning English is spent more effectively.There are a few things that could improve English education,such as assessment design,learner motivation and teaching style,
I am sure there are many other areas where changes can greatly improve the effectiveness and efficiency of English learning.The public discourse at present is a little oversimplified.People are arguing for or against English having less weight in major tests,when the dialogue should be taken a step further,to the improvement of learning or teaching methods that may benefit the teaching of other subjects as well,Chinese included.

63.In paragraph 3 Qian Zhongshu,Lu Xun and Lin Yutang are mentioned toB.
  A.show respect for their capabilities of learning languages
  B.prove English and Chinese are not contradictory
  C.confirm the importance of learning English in China
  D.tell the readers English Education is to blame
64.According to the passage,which of the following statements is right?C
  A.The TV program Writing in Chinese is very popular at present.
  B.Good results of learning English are not worth so much time.
  C.Some are in favor of attaching less importance to English in exams.
  D.Sacrificing English can improve Chinese language education.
65.In the writer's opinion,what should be done to solve the argument?D
  A.Increasing time spent in learning Chinese.
  B.Increasing time spent in learning English.
  C.Reducing the weight of English in examinations.
  D.Improving the learning outcomes effectively.
66.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A
A.English education is still important in China.
B.Chinese education is more important in China.
C.English contributes to the failure in teaching Chinese              
D.Ways to make improvements in learning Chinese.
2.Although cats may be one of the most popular pets today,little is known about how and when humans and cats set up their close relationship.
The earliest evidence for human-cat interaction dates back to prehistoric Cyprus(史前塞浦路斯),where the remains of a wild cat and a human-dated 9,500years old-were found buried together.
A new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has confirmed the first direct evidence of a human-domestic cat relationship among Chinese farmers 5,300years ago.Researchers studied the bones of cats,dogs,deer and other animals unearthed in an excavation (挖掘) near a village in Central China.By using some ways,scientists showed that the cats were living on a mostly millet(黍)-based diet,just like the domesticated dogs and pigs from the site.
"The most reasonable explanation for a high consumption of millet-based food is that the cats had formed a stable and mutual relationship with humans and could easily feed on rodents (啮齿动物) around human villages,find leftover food or even have been fed by people intentionally,"said Hu Yaowu from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing,whose research focuses on the relationship between humans and domesticated animals.
"It is very interesting for us to find the consumption of millet-based foods by the cats,since this kind of evidence had long been missing."Hu explains.Since cats usually eat meat,such a diet would be unexpected,unless the cats were being fed by people,the study argues.The researchers also found that one of the cats survived to reach old age,implying that it had a safe place to live and enough to eat.
Why the farmers wanted to keep cats nearby or make them"pets"could be answered by other evidence.Chinese archaeologists found some storage containers were specifically designed to keep out rodents-a vermin (害兽) that cats could certainly have helped with.
The simplified theory is that rats were attracted to the food of farmers,and so were harmful to farmers.Cats were attracted to the rats,and so farmers formed a mutually beneficial relationship with cats,taking care of them in return for pest control.

66.The evidence found in the remains dating back to prehistoric Cyprus meansB.
A.human made cats pets as early as 9,500years ago
B.human interacted with cats very early
C.cats didn't appear until prehistoric Cyprus
D.when cats became domesticated
67.Apart from cats,Hu Yaowu and his teams may also studyC.
A.the preventions of pests from grains         
B.the history of Chinese farming
C.the dogs and pigs                        
D.the ways to keep pets
68.Which of the following is NOT the evidence of Chinese farms'keeping cats?A.
A.Cats didn't feed on meat.
B.The cats consumed large amounts of millet-based foods.
C.One of the cats survived to reach old age.
D.Some storage containers were specifically designed to keep out rodents.
69.What are the reasons for farmers to keep cats?D.
A.Helping keep other domesticated animals
B.Not letting cats eat food.
C.Supplying meat for human
D.Helping reduce the amount of pests.
70.In which part of a newspaper would be the passage most probably appearC.
A.Entertainment                           B.Environment
C.Human and Science                      D.Life and fashion.
9.Blind imitation is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth,imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable.
In the early stages of skill or character development,imitation is helpful.When I first learned to cook,I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes.But soon I grew bored.Why follow someone else's way of cooking when I could create my own?Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child's bicycle; they help you get going,but once you find your own balance,you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life,imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models.If,as a child,you observed people whose lives were bad,you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did.If you do not make strong choices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others.
In the field of entertainment,our culture glorifies celebrities.Those stars look great on screen.But when they step off screen,their personal lives may be disastrous.If you are going to follow someone,focus on their talent,not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Study your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say,"I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors'tragedies and declare victory,and know that they are cheering me on."

36.Imitation proves useful when youC.
A.know you are unique
B.lose the balance of life
C.begin to learn something new
D.get tired of routine practice
37.To avoid the bad result of imitation,we shouldB.
A.forget daily fear and pain
B.choose the right example
C.ask others for decisions
D.stay away from stars
38.According to the author,the world moves on because of those who areB.
A.desperate to influence others with their knowledge
B.ready to turn their original ideas into reality
C.eager to discover what their ancestors did
D.willing to accept others'ideas
39.The trouble a creator faces isD.
A.the lack of strong motivation
B.the absence of practical ideas
C.how to search for more materials
D.how to use imagination creatively
40.What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A
A.To highlight the importance of creativity.
B.To criticize the characters of role models.
C.To compare imitation with creation.
D.To explain the meaning of success.
6.In a research on the effect of the transport sector(运输领域)on climate,it proves that road traffic contributes the most to global warming.The aviation(航天)sector has the second largest warming effect while shipping has a cooling effect on the Earth's Climate.
The study concludes that since pre-industrial times,15%of CO₂emissions(排放量) made by humans have come from the transport sector.The study implies that more attention needs to be paid to the fast growing road sector.Looking only at CO₂emissions,road traffic alone has led to two-thirds of the warming caused by total transport emissions.The reason why road transport tops the list is mainly due to the large number of vehicles on the roads and the smaller cooling effect from their emissions.The researchers said that the road emissions of today will make Up three quarters of the warming caused by transport over the next hundred years.
Following road transport,aviation is the second largest transport contributor to global warming.However,the historical contribution from aviation emissions to global warming is more than doubled the contribution from road emissions.In fact,over the next 100years,today's road emissions will have a climate effect that is four times higher than the climate effect from today's aviation emissions.
For shipping,the picture is more complicated.Until now,shipping has had a cooling effect on climate.This is because shipping produces a large amount of S02,which has a cooling effect.However,although the gas,until now,has given the shipping industry a cooling effect,this effect will disappear after a while,as the gas doesn't last long in the atmosphere.The long-lived CO₂will dominate(占优势),giving shipping a warming effect in the long run.
In general,the transport sector's contribution to global warming will be continuously high in the future.

53.What can we learn about road traffic?D
A.It has the second largest warming effect on climate.
B.It produces l5%of all CO₂into the air every year.
C.It created more CO₂emissions than aviation in history.
D.Its CO₂emissions will probably increase in future.
54.Shipping has a cooling effect becauseC.
A.shipping conditions have been improved
B.the amount of ships at sea is small
C.it produces a gas which has a cooling effect
D.the gas it produces can absorb CO₂
55.The underlined phrase in paragraph 4probably means"A".
A.after a long time    B.in a tiring race
C.all the time         D.during a long voyage
56.The passage mainly talks aboutB.
A.the effect of CO₂0n global climate
B.the effect from traffic on global warming
C.how to choose a green way to travel
D.why transport produces so much CO₂
7.One determined student stepped off the traditional job for blind people in China,and now challenges a new life at university in Britain.Being a message therapist (按摩师)is a perfect job for many people with a visual disability,but for Zheng Jianwei,it was far from enough.
The 30-year-old former massage therapist gave up his hospital job in 2009to prepare for admission to graduate school.He took IELTS(雅思考试),the language-fluency test necessary for university admission in the UK,in 2012and scored 6.5points.He was the first blind examinee to take the IELTS in the Southeast Chinese region.After about four year's struggles,Zheng successfully gain an offer from the University of Essex in the United Kingdom and became a graduate student.
However,Zheng's path to graduate school was not easy."I can't take China's national entrance exam for graduate school,which doesn't provide study material(材料)for blind students,"he says.
He then turned to search for graduate school overseas.However,English became his nightmare.Zheng studied in spacial schools for visually challenged students since primary school,but foreign language was never a main subject.
Before giving up his job and learning English again in 2009,Zheng only knew the alphabet,a few words and some basic expressions."Learning English again in my late 20s is not easy,"he says.
It took him three years of intensive study to gain entrance to a graduate school overseas.Because of the lack of study material,Zheng needs to spend hours and days looking for textbooks for the visually disabled and copying them,while it may take only five minutes for a sighted person to order a plain English textbook from Amazon.
In his parents'eyes,Zheng has been a sensible,independent and decisive man from a young age.Zheng made all the major decisions by himself,including studying abroad and choosing majors."We just follow his decisions,"the mother says.

60.According to the first paragraph,a blind person in China is likely toB.
A.go abroad for graduate school         B.work as a message therapist
C.be far from pleased with life         D.enjoy a perfect job
61.It can be learned from the passage that the blind students in ChinaB.
A.can't take the national entrance exam to college
B.can find less study material than normal students
C.can never learn a foreign language well
D.can't afford the English textbooks for an entrance exam
62.Which of the following can match Zheng Jianwei's story?D
A.All mankind is created equal.        B.Many hands make light work.
C.Rome is not built in a day.          D.Nothing is impossible when mind is set.
63.It can be inferred from the passage that Zheng'sD.
A.parents have to follow any of his decisions
B.parents don't understand or care about him
C.visual disability meant a hopeless damage to him
D.mind is healthy though physically disabled.

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