Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to puzzle you---appears to be the key to the finding.

       Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium.He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.

       His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists.Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the indirect contact of emailing would make it easier to lie.Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.

       But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time.People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says.This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.

       People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock.He found many lies are spontaneous(脱口而出) responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”

       Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate.For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth.But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.

Hancock’s study focuses on _______.

      A.the consequences of lying in various communications media

      B.the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

      C.people are less likely to lie in instant messages

      D.people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media

Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____.

      A.people are less likely to lie instant messages

      B.people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

      C.people are most likely to lie in email communication

      D.people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

      A.They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies

      B.They believe that honesty is the best policy

      C.They tend to be relaxed wh en using those media

      D.They are most practised at those forms of communication

It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

      A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

      B.suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

       C.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

      D.email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

One day, Raul was miles away from the small ranch (牧场)house in a large valley. Everything seemed to be all right, yet he felt strange and somewhat uneasy. The wind had picked up, and angry, dark clouds  31  across the sky. He could smell the rain coming. And it did.  32 , the lightning flashed through the clouds, nearly  33  Raul. The thunder (雷声) was so loud that he buried his head in his hands and rubbed his eyes. Then he heard it — hoof beats (蹄声). He  34 . There before him stood a tall, white horse. An old man stared down at him from its back.
“Wh-wh-who are y-y-you?” asked Raul. “Oh, my name is Gray Cloud,” the old man answered  35 , “come with me.”
Raul followed on with his horse. A  36  feeling came over him. All  37  them the rain was pouring down,  38  not a drop fell on them. They seemed to be  39  back toward Raul’s home. Raul lost track of time. Then all at once, he found  40  at the ranch gate. The old man turned his horse, waved his hand, and smiled. Lightning flashed again. The old man and his horse were  41 .
Raul’s father ran out across the yard to  42  him. “We have been  43  about you. Are you okay? Hurry. Let’s get in out of the  44 .”
“Wait,” said Raul. “Have you ever heard of an old man called Gray Cloud?”
“Can’t say I … wait. I believe my great-grandfather used to tell stories about a man called Gray Cloud. He died a long time ago. They all say he was  45  by lightning during a terrible thunderstorm. Why do you ask?” At this, Raul was really more shocked than puzzled.

【小题1】
A.droppedB.fellC.rolledD.covered
【小题2】
A.SuddenlyB.StronglyC.QuicklyD.Hardly
【小题3】
A.beatingB.blindingC.burningD.touching
【小题4】
A.looked upB.woke upC.lay downD.sat down
【小题5】
A.lazilyB.angrilyC.freelyD.slowly
【小题6】
A.naturalB.commonC.strangeD.sad
【小题7】
A.aroundB.besideC.throughD.above
【小题8】
A.yetB.forC.soD.or
【小题9】
A.reachingB.leadingC.headingD.returning
【小题10】
A.themB.themselves C.himD.himself
【小题11】
A.goneB.leftC.followedD.lost
【小题12】
A.seeB.meetC.beatD.ask
【小题13】
A.waitedB.thoughtC.worriedD.excited
【小题14】
A.yardB.windC.grassD.rain
【小题15】
A.defeatedB.caughtC.damagedD.struck

Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to puzzle you---appears to be the key to the finding.
Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium.He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.
His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists.Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the indirect contact of emailing would make it easier to lie.Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.
But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time.People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says.This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.
People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock.He found many lies are spontaneous(脱口而出) responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”
Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate.For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth.But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.
【小题1】Hancock’s study focuses on _______.

A.the consequences of lying in various communications media
B.the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas
C.people are less likely to lie in instant messages
D.people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media
【小题2】Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____.
A.people are less likely to lie instant messages
B.people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions
C.people are most likely to lie in email communication
D.people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations
【小题3】According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?
A.They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies
B.They believe that honesty is the best policy
C.They tend to be relaxed wh en using those media
D.They are most practised at those forms of communication
【小题4】It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications
B.suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes
C.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees
D.email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

One day, Raul was miles away from the small ranch (牧场)house in a large valley. Everything seemed to be all right, yet he felt strange and somewhat uneasy. The wind had picked up, and angry, dark clouds  31  across the sky. He could smell the rain coming. And it did.  32 , the lightning flashed through the clouds, nearly  33  Raul. The thunder (雷声) was so loud that he buried his head in his hands and rubbed his eyes. Then he heard it — hoof beats (蹄声). He  34 . There before him stood a tall, white horse. An old man stared down at him from its back.

“Wh-wh-who are y-y-you?” asked Raul. “Oh, my name is Gray Cloud,” the old man answered  35 , “come with me.”

Raul followed on with his horse. A  36  feeling came over him. All  37  them the rain was pouring down,  38  not a drop fell on them. They seemed to be  39  back toward Raul’s home. Raul lost track of time. Then all at once, he found  40  at the ranch gate. The old man turned his horse, waved his hand, and smiled. Lightning flashed again. The old man and his horse were  41 .

Raul’s father ran out across the yard to  42  him. “We have been  43  about you. Are you okay? Hurry. Let’s get in out of the  44 .”

“Wait,” said Raul. “Have you ever heard of an old man called Gray Cloud?”

“Can’t say I … wait. I believe my great-grandfather used to tell stories about a man called Gray Cloud. He died a long time ago. They all say he was  45  by lightning during a terrible thunderstorm. Why do you ask?” At this, Raul was really more shocked than puzzled.

1.                A.dropped        B.fell            C.rolled    D.covered

 

2.                A.Suddenly       B.Strongly        C.Quickly   D.Hardly

 

3.                A.beating         B.blinding         C.burning   D.touching

 

4.                A.looked up       B.woke up        C.lay down  D.sat down

 

5.                A.lazily           B.angrily          C.freely    D.slowly

 

6.                A.natural         B.common        C.strange   D.sad

 

7.                A.around         B.beside          C.through  D.above

 

8.                A.yet            B.for            C.so   D.or

 

9.                A.reaching        B.leading         C.heading  D.returning

 

10.               A.them          B.themselves      C.him  D.himself

 

11.               A.gone          B.left            C.followed   D.lost

 

12.               A.see            B.meet          C.beat  D.ask

 

13.               A.waited         B.thought        C.worried   D.excited

 

14.               A.yard           B.wind           C.grass D.rain

 

15.               A.defeated       B.caught         C.damaged  D.struck

 

 

Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth.The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to puzzle you---appears to be the key to the finding.

Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week.In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium.He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.

His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists.Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the indirect contact of emailing would make it easier to lie.Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.

But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time.People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says.This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.

People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock.He found many lies are spontaneous(脱口而出) responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”

Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate.For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth.But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.

1.Hancock’s study focuses on _______.

A.the consequences of lying in various communications media

B.the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

C.people are less likely to lie in instant messages

D.people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media

2.Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____.

A.people are less likely to lie instant messages

B.people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

C.people are most likely to lie in email communication

D.people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

3.According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

A.They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies

B.They believe that honesty is the best policy

C.They tend to be relaxed wh en using those media

D.They are most practised at those forms of communication

4.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

B.suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

C.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

D.email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company

 

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