题目内容
Many parents watch the news or other shows as children play nearby. But new research shows that even when the television is just background noise，it may be disruptive to a child’s normal development.
It’s estimated that 75 percent of very young children in the United States live in homes where the television is on most of the time，even though the kids often aren’t watching it. The University of Massachusetts researchers recently studied how TV background noise might affect young children. The study looked at 50 1，2and 3yearolds. Each child came to a lab with a parent and was allowed to play for an hour with various toys. For half the time，a television was on in the room，showing the adult game show as well as advertisements. During the other half hour，the TV was turned off.
As expected，the children paid little attention to the adult television show，glancing at it for less than a few seconds at a time，and less than once a minute. Even so，the distraction (分心) of the background noise had a significant effect on how children at every age played. When the television was on，the children played with each toy for far shorter periods of time，and focused attention during play was also shorter compared to how they played when the TV was off.
Researchers said that even though the children aren’t interested in the show，background TV affects their ability to do various types of play. The finding is important because many wellmeaning parents who wouldn’t let their young children watch television may not realize that even adult programs that don’t interest children still can have an effect.
“Background TV is potentially a chronic (长期的) environmental risk factor affecting most American children，” said the lead author of the study. “Parents should limit their young children’s exposure (接触)．”
【小题1】We know from the passage that________.
| A．background TV noise has little effect on adults |
| B．most young children in America live in homes exposed to TV noise |
| C．the effect of background TV noise on children is immediate |
| D．most parents in America wouldn’t let their children watch TV |
| A．harmful | B．important | C．similar | D．related |
| A．were all 3yearolds | B．were asked to watch adult TV shows |
| C．played for an hour while the TV was on | D．played with more than one toy |
| A．Children pay much attention to adult TV shows. |
| B．Children should be allowed to watch TV for kids only. |
| C．The background TV noise affects children’s ability to focus. |
| D．The more toys a child has，the shorter time he plays with each one. |
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
解析
Common sense would tell us that physically active children may be more likely to become active and healthy adults.
In the United States, elementary and middle schools are advised to give students two and a half hours of physical activity a week. That is what the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association recommend. They say high schools should provide about four hours of physical activity each week.
Yet many schools across the country have reduced their physical education programs. Just this week, a study reported that life expectancy has fallen or is no longer increasing in some parts of the United States. The situation is worst among poor people in the southern states, and especially women. Public health researchers say it is largely the result of increases in fatness, smoking and high blood pressure. They also blame differences in health services around the country.
In 2006, a study found that only four percent of primary schools provided daily physical education all year for all grades. This was true of eight percent of middle schools and two percent of high schools. The study also found that twenty-two percent of all schools did not require students to take any P.E.
Charlene Burgeson , a health expert says one problem for P.E. teachers is that schools are under pressure to put more time into academic subjects. Also, parents may agree that children need exercise in school. Yet many parents today still have bad memories of being chosen last for teams because teachers favored the good athletes in class.
But experts say P.E. classes have changed. They say the goal has moved away from competition and toward personal performance, as a way to build a lifetime of activity. These days, teachers often lead activities like weight training and yoga.
Some parents like the idea of avoiding competitive sports in P.E. class. Yet others surely dislike that idea. In the end, schools may find themselves in a no-win situation.
【小题1】 The underlined word “expectancy” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ”
| A．quality | B．length | C．exception | D．depth |
| A．Fatness. | B．Smoking |
| C．High blood pressure. | D．Health service |
| A．Physical activities are becoming more and more popular in American schools. |
| B．All the schools provided daily physical education all year for all students. |
| C．Parents think children need physical education for their bad memories. |
| D．Students spent less time on physical education for academic pressure. |
| A．P.E. is the most important subject for all students. |
| B．P.E has changed its goal for some reasons in America. |
| C．It introduces us the present situation of P.E in American schools and its cause. |
| D．P.E can help students improve their academic subjects. |
Remember those big, colorful books with large pictures of balls or apples when you were a little kid? Those have proven to be helpful, according to a number of studies. Between 1 and 5 years old, introducing books to Children can help greatly because this is usually the age when intellectual (智力的) capabilities form.
At age 1 to 5, a child can decide whether he wants to learn or wants to be a good learner. The road to learning starts here. Their curiosity (好奇) and imagination are fed with the many pictures, sounds and colors in the books.
Children normally began school at 5 years old. But today, they go to school when they are as young as one and a half years old. This is because many parents have recognized that influencing the child's formative years (性格形成时期) is very important. The fight influence can make the child want to read in the future.
Parents should play a part in encouraging children to read. Even just reading them bedtime stories can help children feel the joy and amazement connected to reading. This can help them become better readers and better learners as they grow older.
If children are interested in reading books rather than watching television, they can improve many skills besides reading and learning. Books can act as stepping stones to intelligence. However, parents must be very careful not to overpower their children. If they force children to read books that are too hard to understand, they might think reading is boring and lose interest in it.
1.. This passage mainly ______.
|
A．advises kids to spend less time watching TV |
|
B．explains why reading is good for us |
|
C．tells us that reading is good for children |
|
D．suggests that parents spend more time with their kids |
2..Why does introducing books to kids between 1 and 5 years old help them greatly?
|
A．Because this is a good way to keep them away from television. |
|
B．Because it makes them become interested in going to school. |
|
C．Because it helps them learn much faster when they are older. |
|
D．Because it is usually the age when intellectual capabilities form. |
3..It is implied in the passage that _____.
|
A．the writer read a lot of books when he was a child |
|
B．parents should never force their children to do anything |
|
C．the formative years may begin at one and a half years old |
|
D．a child's formative years are earlier than before |
4..In the writer’s opinion, _____.
|
A．children should read all kinds of books |
|
B．children should only read books with pictures |
|
C．books can help children become cleverer |
|
D．bedtime stories make children love their parents more |