题目内容

Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.
People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions(排放)vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Apart from the few people who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators(发电机). Generators are fueled by something--usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal(地热) plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.
In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. Because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not true. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can't see it, it's not happening.”  Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas(or another fuel)and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat--at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.
A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far -- so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal, or solar, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.
  In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though,all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.
【小题1】What’s the main idea of the passages?

A.Electric cars aren’t actually clean.
B.Electric cars are zero-emissions vehicles.
C.Zero-emissions vehicles are popular.
D.Gasoline-powered cars are more efficient.
【小题2】Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in Paragraph 2?
A.Be familiar with.
B.Be curious about.
C.Fail to understand.
D.Show their interest in.
【小题3】The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run _________.
A.at least 25 miles
B.more than 25 miles
C.as far as 25 miles
D.less than 25 miles
【小题4】In the author’s opinion, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more __________.
A.environmentally-friendlyB.expensive
C.efficientD.harmful
【小题5】It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
A.electric cars' batteries are poisonous for a long time
B.now electric cars are used more than their gasoline-powered cousins
C.zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment
D.electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning something


【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】D
【小题5】D 

解析试题分析:
【小题1】A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins. 说明电动车一点也不环保。故A正确。
【小题2】.C 推理题。根据文章第二段People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions(排放)vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from.说明加利福尼亚的人喜欢谈论零排放的的汽车,但是加利福尼亚的人似乎对电源的来源不清楚。该词应该指不清楚,不理解。故C正确。
【小题3】D 细节题。根据第四段1,2行A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far说明D正确。
【小题4】D 推理题。根据文章最后两段,不仅仅是电动车的需要的能源更多,而且电动车的电池也会导致污染,故电动车是对环境是更有害的。故D正确。
【小题5】D 推理题。根据文章第二段内容可知电动车所需要的点,是需要通过燃烧煤炭等自然资源的,所以电动车并不如人们所认为的那样清洁无污染。故D正确。
考点:考查环境类短文阅读
点评::电动车真的没有污染吗?通过文章的描述我们可以知道实际上并不是这样的,电动车比现在的汽车可能会导致更多的污染,因为它所使用的电,仍然是需要靠燃烧煤炭的资源来实现的。

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完形填空(Cloze Test)

  It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid in your   1   life.If a person has an   2   , he needs medical care   3   a doctor can be found.When you give first aid, you must pay attention to   4   things.First, when a person stops   5  , open his/her mouth.Second, if a person cannot breathe, do your best to   6   his/her breathing at once, using a mouth-to-mouth way.Third, if a person is   7   badly, try at once to stop the   8  .Then take him/her to a doctor.If a person loses one third of his/her blood, he/she   9   die.

  Many accidents may   10   at home.All   11   should know first aid in order to deal with   12   injuries which may happen to their children.When a person is   13   by an animal, wash the wound with cold running water before he/she is taken to see a doctor.When a person is   14   , wash and cool the area of the skin under the cold tap for a while.Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn.If the person is badly burnt, take him/her to the doctor.If a person   15   his/her finger, clean it and put a piece of paper round the cut.If a pan of oil   16   fire,   17   the gas first, and then cover the pan quickly.You cannot take it away before the fire is   18  

  Besides, you must put   19   wires in safe places where children cannot   20   them.Serious accidents may happen if you touch them.Children must be told of the danger.Everybody should know some first aid in order to save ot her people's lives.

(1)

[  ]

A.

every day

B.

daily

C.

interesting

D.

school

(2)

[  ]

A.

incident

B.

event

C.

accident

D.

attitude

(3)

[  ]

A.

before

B.

after

C.

as

D.

since

(4)

[  ]

A.

two

B.

several

C.

some

D.

three

(5)

[  ]

A.

bleeding

B.

shouting

C.

crying

D.

breathing

(6)

[  ]

A.

start

B.

give

C.

offer

D.

help

(7)

[  ]

A.

destroyed

B.

damaged

C.

injured

D.

wounded

(8)

[  ]

A.

pain

B.

bleeding

C.

aching

D.

weeping

(9)

[  ]

A.

should

B.

can

C.

may

D.

must

(10)

[  ]

A.

take place

B.

break out

C.

turn to

D.

happen

(11)

[  ]

A.

presents

B.

parents

C.

people

D.

teachers

(12)

[  ]

A.

common

B.

ordinary

C.

usual

D.

general

(13)

[  ]

A.

frightened

B.

beaten

C.

bitten

D.

stricken

(14)

[  ]

A.

burnt

B.

burning

C.

ironing

D.

poisoned

(15)

[  ]

A.

burns

B.

cuts

C.

bites

D.

dirties

(16)

[  ]

A.

puts on

B.

gets

C.

catches

D.

puts off

(17)

[  ]

A.

turn away

B.

turn into

C.

turn off

D.

turn on

(18)

[  ]

A.

out

B.

in

C.

away

D.

on

(19)

[  ]

A.

electricity

B.

electric

C.

electrical

D.

electrify

(20)

[  ]

A.

go

B.

get

C.

arrive

D.

reach

These days no car show is complete without an electric car, and the 2011 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, US, which ran from January 10 to 23, was no exception.

Among the fully electric vehicles on display were the Ford Focus Electric and the Honda Fit EV. BMW and Volvo also had prominent displays at the show, proving that they can produce practical, yet spacious family-oriented electric cars.

Industry insiders at the show claimed that more efficient batteries, improved performance and greater consumer acceptance could make 2011 the “year of electric car”.

It’s long been clear that electric cars score heavily for convenience. They are, for instance, much easier to maintain than gasoline-powered cars. When the battery runs out, you simply replace it or recharge it, just like you would for a cell phone or a laptop.

This is also a much cheaper method than filling your tank with gasoline. Better yet, electric cars don’t emit exhaust fumes. As a result, they don’t produce environmentally damaging greenhouse gases.

It appears that improved technology is making electric cars and their maintenance much more user-friendly. So, what are the obstacles which are preventing electric cars from becoming popular and fashionable?

Home charging for electric cars could be extremely convenient for users. However, it is also a potential obstacle. For a start, installing charging stations in owners’ homes will be a challenge, particularly for those who have to park several blocks away from their homes.

Also, charging the car’s battery still takes quite a long time. It may be some time yet before you can recharge an electric car in the same time as you can refill your gas tank.

Another problem is that many electric vehicles have limited ranges that may only allow for journeys of 50 miles (80 km) or less between charges. In cases where a driver wishes to charge the car primarily at home (perhaps overnight), this limits their daily driving to the range of their vehicle.

This may be one reason why hybrid cars are now becoming more popular. A hybrid car has more than one energy source, usually a traditional gasoline fuel tank and an electric battery. It’s like a more practical version of an electric car: It’s greener than a conventional vehicle, with fewer CO2 emissions, yet it also doubles as a conventional vehicle.

“I would say that hybrid is a transition to fully electronic,” Road and Track magazine editor Richard Horman told Detroit News during the show. “The trend is for lighter, smarter, more economical cars. Of course, electronic vehicles are meant to be that way.”

This sounds promising, particularly in light of the fact that the show featured more electric cars from big manufacturers than ever before.

However, it seems that the technology associated with electric cars is not yet able to fully meet people’s expectations. Don’t expect gasoline-powered cars to disappear from roads just yet.

1. What made electric cars more convenient?   

A. Easier maintenance.                  B. High scores on the show.

C. Practicality and large space.            D. Much lower prices.

2. Which of the following could NOT act as a potential obstacle of electric cars?

A. It is rough work to install charging stations at home.

B. It is time-consuming to charge the batteries.

C. The ranges between charges are limited.

D. There’s no need to fill the tank with petrol.

3.In Paragraph 10, the underlined word “hybrid” is probably closest in meaning to ________.

A. gasoline       B. electric           C. combined     D. separated

4.The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to_________.

A. introduce the 2011 Auto Show in US    B. get readers informed of electric cars

C. comment on different types of cars      D. advertise for electric cars

 

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