The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”.But this meaning does not tell us very much.Unlike the other disciplines(学科),philosophy cannot be defined by what you study,because it is actually unlimited.Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: art, history, law,language,literature,mathematics,medicine,psychology,religion,science,and values.Philosophy is one of the world’s oldest subjects of study,and in fact,the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy.For this reason you get a Doctorate(博士学位) of Philosophy(Ph.D.) in biochemistry,or computer science,or psychology.

Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy.Logic is the science of argument and critical thinking.It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning.The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and period in development of philosophy.

Of what use is philosophy?First it is useful in educational advancement.It is necessary for understanding other disciplines.Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline,and its relation to other disciplines.And through the study of philosophy,one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.

There are a number of general uses of philosophy.It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems,to communicate,to organize ideas and issues,to persuade,and to take what is the most important from a large quantity of data .These general uses are of great benefit in the career field,not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation,but for preparing for positions of responsibility,management and leadership later on.It is very short-sighted after all,to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job.The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement.No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom,leadership,and capacity to resolve human conflict.

According to Paragraph 1,philosophy can best be described as the study of ______.

A.social sciences

B.natural sciences

C.both social and natural sciences

D.the subject matter of politics

With the study of philosophy,you can_______.

A.become a great leader

B.succeed in everything

C.find a good job soon after graduation

D.make progress in your career development

According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Philosophy is an independent discipline.

B.Logic helps you to become a better thinker.

C.The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.

D.The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.

From the passage,we can conclude ______.

A.not all the subjects have to do with philosophy

B.a person will get a Ph.D.if he/she studies philosophy

C.philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects

D.philosophy is the only solution to all the problems to the world

 The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines(学科), philosophy cannot e defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited.  Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate(博士学位)of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.

  Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and persuade in the development of philosophy.

 Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relating to other discomposes. And thought the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.

 There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quality of data.  These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very short site after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job.  The useful skills developed thought the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.

72. Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of    .

A. social sciences                       B. natural sciences

C. both social and natural sciences         D. the subject matter of politics

73. With the study of philosophy, you can     .

A. become a great leader

B. succeed in everything

C. find a good job soon after graduation

D. make progress in your career development

74. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

  A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.

B. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.

C. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.

D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.

75.From the passage, we can conclude   

  A. not all the subjects have to do with philosophy

B. a person will get a Ph. D.   if he/she studies philosophy

C. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects

D. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems the world

In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words)
【小题1】“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.

A.a program directed by Dorothy
B.a course given by the author
C.an activity held by the students
D.an organization sponsored by Union college
【小题2】 In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.
A.the long trackB.the poor houses
C.the same trainD.the winding road
【小题3】Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.
A.a warm welcomeB.the sight of poke greens
C.Dorothy’s latest projectsD.a big dinner made for her
【小题4】What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.
B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.
C. She passed the required assessment.
D. She received her Ph. D. degree.
【小题5】What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A.Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.
B.Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.
C.However poor you are, you have the right to education,
D.Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.


If you wanted to know what it’s like to walk on the moon, you’d interview an astronaut. If you wanted insights(深刻的见解) on playing Hamlet, you’d study the performance of a Shakespearean actor. And if you wanted to know what the first year of teaching school is like, well... you’d ask teachers who just completed their first year on the job. We wanted to know and we asked.
This book attempts to capture the fascinating and inspiring answers we received. It is based largely on a series of discussions held among winners of the First Class Teacher Award sponsored(赞助) every year by Sallie Mae, a corporation devoted to education. As in the past years, first-year teachers who won the award came to Washington, DC in the fall for a weekend of awards and related events.
One activity that grew out of the awards is a series of focus group discussions. These discussions allow us to ask first-year teachers some key questions: What was it like the first year What were your hardest challenges and your greatest rewards? Did you get the right preparation? Do you have any insights you could offer new teachers?
The teachers talked in frank terms about what it’s like to feel rebuffed by experienced teachers, to struggle with budget cutbacks, to see children in pain. But the difficulties they related are only half the story. They also told us how they dealt with challenges, what they would want new teachers to know, and why being a teacher is so important to their sense of self. All together, their words paint a picture of an inspired and inspiring group of up-and-coming leaders in their profession. We believe their reflections will prove helpful to principals, administrators, university professors in education departments, and particularly, new teachers who are speeding up to face the first day of school. This book is built on the words and recollections(回忆) of award-winning, first-year teachers. We have used direct quotations(引用语) from teachers (with their permission), both from the focus group discussions and from a set of essays they wrote. We felt their voices needed to be heard as directly as possible. Our job was to present their insights in a way that would be useful for readers. What follows is our effort to do so.
Thank you for your interest, and we welcome your response.
Sincerely,
Sharon A. Bobbitt, Ph.D.
Director, Knowledge Applications Division
U.S. Department of Education
65.Sharon A. Bobbitt writes the passage mainly to ________.
A. inspire would-be teachers               B. praise the award winners
C. share his teaching experience            D. introduce a valuable book
66.What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?
A. To provide background information of the topic.
B. To attract readers’ attention to the topic.
C. To use the examples to support the topic.
D. To offer basic knowledge of the topic.
67.Which of the following is TRUE about the First Class Teacher Award?
A. It is sponsored by Sallie Mae every year.
B. It is held sometimes in Washington, DC.
C. It focuses on discussions and contests.
D. The participants are invited to write books.
68.What does the underlined word “rebuffed” in the Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Impressed deeply.                     B. Taught sincerely.
C. Refused rudely.                       D. Helped warm-heartedly.

Cleanse, tone and moisturize: three words that everyone should keep in mind when going through their daily routines. As a society, we decide what are important habits to keep up with, such as taking care of your skin.

It takes a good five minutes every morning and night to properly care for your skin, but most men and women believe that they do not have time in their busy schedule to do so. Having good skin boosts(增加)sef-confidence and improve overall health and attitude.

Cleansing the face is important for women who wear make-up because it clears the face from exposure to free radicals(自由基) in the air. Toning your face is important to balance your skin’s PH level ( which needs to be between 4.5 and 5.5 ) and also to remove the impurities from water, which is full of lead. Finally, moisturizing your face hydrates(增湿)the skin.

In this day and age there are more issues with free radicals that damage your skin than ever before. Smog, UVA/ UVB damage, smoke, alcohol, and more are all negative contributing factors to damaging the aging of your skin.

The global community has advanced the environment into a high percentage of free radical, but we also now have the technology for the best skin care. The issue with skin care is most people feel that you only need to take action if you have a serious skin condition, such as acne(粉刺). But no matter what age and what condition your skin is in, you should actively do something to maintain it.

Most skin care products today are all-natural; many of them advertise being 100 percent vegan(素食).

Ingredients(成分)that are natural for anti-aging are : DMAE, alpha lapoic acid, antioxidants, collagen booster, SPF and many more. All of these ingredients help prevent aging and sun damage while regenerating new skin cells. Aging appears fastest on your face, neck, and back of the hands and feet, which means you must apply skin care products to all areas. People need to take care of their skin, whether they have a skin condition or not.

If one wants to age gracefully, one must put forth the effort on their skin.

Title

Beauty begins skin deep.

Topic

The (1)_________ of caring our skin.

(2) ________

Of skin care

● Good skin makes you feel more (3)___________.

● Good skin helps keep you healthy both (4)_________ and mentally.

● Cleansing your face: You can reduce the (5)_________ done to your face by free radicals.

Toning your face: You can maintain the (6)_________  your skin’s PH level.

Moisturizing your face: You can keep your face moist.

● Skin care slows down the speed of (7)___________.

Tips

● (8)__________ five minutes every morning and night caring for your skin.

● Use all-natural skin care products.

● Apply skin products to all areas (9) _________ aging may appear.

(10)________

If you want to keep young, you should put forth the effort to skin care.

 

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