Scientists made a great break through this year in England when the first "test tube" baby was born.The birth was the result of many years of research by doctors.The doctors did the research in groups to help the women who cannot conceive a baby in the normal way.

What happened when the baby was born "from a test tube"? Well, the baby did not literally grow in a test tube.The first stage of the process was that the egg from the woman and the sperm from the man were put together in the test tube.After all, the embryo was put into the womb of a woman.This process was difficult.But it was successful, so the baby was eventually born, like any other, from a woman, only the woman wasn't the baby's real mother, but a sort of "carrier" of a baby produced by another couple.

Obviously, this method is to help to couples who can't have children because of physical problems in the woman.But very difficult moral problems arise in the kind of situation.Take it for instance, a case that happened this year.A couple who wanted a baby advertised for a woman to have a child by the father of the couple.They offered the woman a lot of money.The woman was made pregnant by artificial insemination; in this case, the woman "employed" to bear the child was its real mother.When the baby was born, the woman refused to give it back to the couple.But, in the eyes of the law, the woman had a right to keep the children because she was its biological mother.

You could argue that we should change the law to deal with this kind of situation.In earlier times, there were always healthy babies needing adoption, because family planning methods were not so effective as they are now.These days, however, most of the children who can be adopted are over six years old, often handicapped in some way.So a couple who want a young healthy baby cannot always adopt one, this is why the "test tube" baby is in demand.But is it normally right to use this method? Should we temper with nature in this way? Even if we change the law, would this be the right step to take ?

 

1.The birth of the first "test-tube" baby is a great advance _____.

    A.on medical science

    B.in birth control

    C.on the research for babies

    D.in the lives of married women

2.When we say a baby was born "from a test-tube", we mean_____ .

    A.the baby didn't develop in the womb of a woman

    B.the baby has no biological parents

    C.the embryo was formed in the test tube

    D.the baby grew in the test-tube before it was born

3.According to the law, who has right to keep the baby produced by the artificial method?

    A.The couple who want a baby.

    B.The biological mother of the child.

    C.The person who pays the money to the real mother.

    D.The father who advertises for a biological mother.

4.According to the passage, people need "test-tube baby" because_____ .

    A.family planning methods are not effective.

    B.they can't always adopt a young healthy baby

    C.they are unwilling to adopt a child.

    D.there are so many babies needing adoption.

 

Kids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV,start their chores(杂事),or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions.Before you know it,you’ve started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments,clean their room,or take out the trash.Rather than saying “Do your chores now.” you’ll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed.So instead of arguing about starting chores,just say,“If chores aren’t done by 4 pm,here are the consequences.”Then it’s up to your child to complete the chores.Put the ball back in their court.Don’t argue or fight with them,just say,“That’s the way it’s going to be.”It shouldn’t be punitive(惩罚性的)as much as it should be persuasive.“If your chores aren’t done by 4 pm,then no video game time until chores are done.And if finishing those chores runs into homework time,that’s going to be your loss.”On the other hand,when dealing with homework,keep it very simple.Have a time when homework starts,and at that time,all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done.If your kids say they have no homework,then they should use that time to study or read.Either way,there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.

When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when you’re trying to talk to him,make no bones about it;he is not ignoring you,he is disrespecting you.At that point,everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears.Don’t try to communicate with him when he’s wearing headphones — even if he tells you he can hear you.Wearing them while you’re talking to him is a sign of disrespect.Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing.Remember,mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.

1.According to the passage,it seldom happens that ________.

A.kids turn a deaf ear to their parents’ requests

B.parents’ directions sound like a broken record

C.children are ready to follow their parents’ directions

D.parents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids

2.Parents will be able to deal with their children more effectively if they ________.

A.avoid direct ways of punishment      B.make them do things at their request

C.argue and fight with their children    D.allow their children to behave in their own way

3.When the kid is doing his homework,parents ________.

A.should provide him with a good learning environment

B.can do whatever they like

C.can stay aside watching TV

D.must switch off the power

4.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A.parents should take off his headphones when trying to have a talk with their child

B.it will make no difference that a kid is wearing his earplugs while talking to his parents

C.parents shouldn’t give in to their kid when he shows no sign of respect

D.kids’ purposely talking to their parents with iPod gives them a sense of power and

control

5.The main idea of the passage is ________.

A.that respecting each other is more important than anything else

B.how kids behave to ignore and disrespect their parents

C.that children should make choices and decisions on their own

D.how parents can deal with their kids’ behavior effectively

 

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