Cambridge University The University of Cambridge is one of the oldest universities in the world, and one of the largest in the United Kingdom．It has a world-wide reputation for outstanding academic a 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Cambridge University

　　The University of Cambridge is one of the oldest universities in the world, and one of the largest in the United Kingdom．It has a world-wide reputation for outstanding academic achievements and the high quality of research in a wide range of science and arts subjects．The University pioneers work in the understanding of disease, the creation of new materials, advances in telecommunications and research into the origins of the universe．It trains doctors, vets(兽医)，architects, engineers and teachers．At all levels about half of the students at Cambridge study arts and humanities subjects, many of whom have gone on to become prominent(杰出的) figures in the arts, print and broadcast media．The University’s achievements in the sciences can be measured by the sixty or more Nobel Prizes awarded to its members over the years．

　　The University is a self-governing body：the legislative(立法的)authority is the Regent House, which consists of the three thousand or so members of the teaching and administrative(管理的)staff of the University and Colleges who have the MA(or MA status)or a higher degree．The principal administrative body of the University is the Council, which consists mainly of members of the academic staff elected by the Regent House．The General Board of the Faculties co-ordinates(协调)the educational policy of the University and the Finance Committee of the Council supervises(管理) its financial affairs．

问题导入：现在，随着大学的扩招，许多大学毕业生要找到理想的工作比较难，有些大学毕业生甚至卖鞋或者开出租。所以有些人说，上不上大学已经无所谓。你对此的观点如何？

A father from the countryside：I want my son to go to college．Nobody in my family has gone to college, so I want him to be the first．

A student from the countryside：I want to go to college but my family can’t afford it．Life is hard for my family．But I think it necessary to go to college．

A naughty boy：I don’t want to go to college．I think college life is still hard for me．I have no interest in study．

A successful manager：I think college life will play an important part in your life．College is a great place to meet new kinds of people with different lifestyles．And the more people you understand and feel comfortable with, the better prepared you’ll be for the world after college．

My view：________________________________

答案：

College can improve us. We can learn more knowledge, and it also fades the astringent of high school, and lays the foundation for the future.

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A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman is seeking professional help after being convicted of （证明有……罪）shoplifting for the second time in six months．

Ana Luz, recently studying for her PhD, has been told she could end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops．

Luz ,who lives with her partner in Fitzwilliam Road ,Cambridge ,admitted stealing clothes worth ￡9．95 from John Lewis in Oxford Street ,London ,on March 9．

Phillip Lemoyne ,prosecuting（起诉）,said Luz selected some clothes from a display and took them to the ladies’ toilet in the store．When she came out again she was wearing one of the skirts she had selected ,having taken off the anti-theft security alarms（防盗警报装置）．

She was stopped and caught after leaving the store without paying ,Mr Lemoyne said．

He added that she was upset on her arrest and apologized for her actions．

Luz,28, was said to have been convicted of shoplifting by Cambridge judges last October ,but Morag Duff, defending ,said she had never been in trouble with the police before that．

“She is ashamed and embarrassed but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this ,” Miss Duff said．“She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store．She is at a loss to explain it．She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady．She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is anything in particular that caused her to do this．”

Judge David Azan fined Luz ￡ 50, and warned : “You’ve got a criminal record．If you carry on like this ,you will end up in prison ,which will ruin your bright future you may have．”

Luz achieved a degree in design at university in her native Spain ,went on to a famous university in Berlin , Germany for her master’s degree and is now studying for a PhD at Cambridge University ,UK．

What is Ana Luz’s nationality?

A．American． B．British． C．Spanish． D．German．

What does the underlined sentence “She is at a loss to explain it” mean?

A．In her opinion it was a loss to the clothes shops where she stole things．

B．She doesn’t have any idea why she has the desire to steal from shops．

C．She thinks it is a loss for her to explain why she stole things from shops．

D．Personally she feels ashamed and embarrassed for her shoplifting actions．

Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “shoplifting” used in the passage?

A．Carrying goods in a lift for a shop．

B．Taking goods to the ladies’ toilet．

C．Selecting some goods from a display．

D．Taking goods from a shop without paying．

From the passage we can learn that ．

A．Ana Luz is already got her PhD at Cambridge University ,UK

B．Ana Luz is ashamed and embarrassed and knows why she often did so

C．the university graduate will be put in prison if she steals in shops once more

D．Phillip Lemoyne is the “respectable and intelligent” woman’s defense lawyer

In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.
Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.
MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.
The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.
MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.
“Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.
Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.
The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit（非盈利的）organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.
【小题1】According to this text, edX is _______.

A．a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare

B．a free computer program by MIT and Harvard

C．a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses

D．a free program online for universities worldwide

【小题2】What is said about online education in the text?

A．Universities have been trying online courses.

B．About 2,000 online courses have been offered.

C．Over 100 million people have finished courses online.

D．Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.

【小题3】The underlined part in the text probably means “ ”.

A．Get ready for the difficulties

B．Get ready for this educational change

C．Get prepared to complete the online courses

D．Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses

【小题4】What can be said about MITx according to the text?

A．It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.

B．It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.

C．It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.

D．It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.

To get an extra 14 years of life, don’t smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount．That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal．

After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45-79 years in the United Kingdom from about 1993-2007, Kay-Tee, Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than those who didn’t．

“We’ve known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we’ve not seen this benefit before, ” said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain’s Medical Research Council．“The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from．”

Study participants(参与者) scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．

Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviours would surely gain 14 years．

“We can’t say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things,” said Doctor Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization．”The 14 years is an average across the population of what’s theoretically(理论上) possible．”

“Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking is not good for them”, Susan Jebb said, ”We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change．”

1．Which of the following doesn’t belong to the four healthy habits?

A．Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day．

B．Doing proper exercise in the morning every day．

C．Having a cigarette before going to bed every day．

D．Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day．

2．We can learn from the passage that_____．

A．the study observed people as well as tested specific changes

B．Susan Jebb did not take part in the study

C．there is no need for people under 45 adopt these good habits

D．only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviours

3．What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits．

B．People aged 45-79 have bad habits in the United Kingdom．

C．All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits．

D．People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they’re good．

4．What would be the best title for this passage?

A．Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 Years

B．Healthy Habits Could Gain You Extra 14 years

C．A New Way of Keeping Healthy

D．Smoking and Drinking Harms Your Health

For more information about Cambridge, ________ our website at www. cambridge. org.

A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited

(NEW YORK)---Scientists have discovered small signs of awareness in some vegetative(植物人的) brain injury patients and have even communicated with one of them---findings that are beneficial to how to assess and care for such people.

The new research suggests that standard tests may ignore patients who have some consciousness, and that someday some kind of communication may be possible.

In the strongest example, a 29-year-old patient was able to answer yes-or-no questions by picturing specific scenes the doctors asked him to imagine.

“We were stunned when this happened,” said one study author, Martin Monti of the Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge. “I find it really amazing. This was a patient who was believed to be vegetative for five years.”

Ever since a research paper four years ago described obvious signs of awareness in a vegetative patient, families of patients have been demanding brain scans, said Dr. James Bernat, a spokesman for the American Academy for Neurology.

But experts said more study is needed before the specialized brain scans could be used in medical treatment. “It’s still a research tool,” Bernat said.

Experts also pointed out that only a few tested patients showed evidence of awareness. And they said it is not clear what degree of consciousness and mental abilities the signs imply.

They also noted that the positive signals appeared only in people with traumatic(外伤的) brain injury---not in patients whose brains had been lacking in oxygen, as can happen when the heart stops.

The new study used brain scanning called functional MRI, for 23 patients in a vegetative state and 31 that are minimally(极微地) conscious.

Patients are said to be in a vegetative state if they are tested and found unable to do such things as move on command or follow a moving object with their eyes. Minimally conscious patients show signs of awareness, but they are minimal and discontinuous.

1. What is the practical use of the research?

A．It leads to studying how to cure vegetative patients.

B．It attracts society to pay more attention to vegetative patients.

C．It helps doctors know whether patients are vegetative or not.

D．It drives the government to care about vegetative patients.

2.What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Relaxed

B．Amazed

C．Excited

D．Worried

3.One is considered vegetative if _______________.

A．his eyes can’t follow a moving thing	B．his brain only has a little oxygen
C．he has a traumatic brain injury	D．his heart stops beating

4.The passage mainly deals with ________________.

A．how to recognize a vegetative patient	B．the significance of a new scientific finding
C．how family members look after a vegetative patient
D．the latest findings on awareness in some vegetative patients

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