题目内容
From Mr. Ward Hoffman.
Sir, I was halfway through Professor Raj Persaud's article “What's the tipping point"(Financial Times Weekend, April 9-l0) when it occurred to me that what I was reading was not ironic(讽刺的). If Prof Persaud wants to know why Americans tip in restaurants, he need only ask the first American he meets in London.
Americans tip in restaurants for one reason, and one reason only: we tip to supplement (补贴) the salary of restaurant workers. Quality of service does not enter into it, beyond the fact that one may tip a bit less for poor service, or a little more for good service.
Not tipping at all in a non-fast-food restaurant is not a choice. In the US, one used to tip about 15 per cent for dining in a family-style restaurant or in an upmarket (高档的) restaurant. Here, in San Francisco Bay area restaurants, we are encouraged to tip 20 per cent or more, to help restaurant workers live in this very expensive area.
After eating at an Italian restaurant in my city, I left a tip of 20 per cent on the non-tax part of our dinner bill. It was expected. There is nothing more complicated (复杂的) than that about Americans tipping in restaurants.
Ward Hoffman,
Palo Alto, CA 94306, US
* * *
From Mr. Philip McBride Johnson.
Sir, I agree with most of Raj Persaud's opinions about the doubtful value of tipping, but with one exception(例外). Tips can be very useful when one is a repeat customer or diner.
It is only when the tipper is a stranger and likely to remain so that the system does not work to his or her advantage. But frequent a hotel or a restaurant, always tip a bit more, and the difference in service and treatment will be easily felt.
Philip McBride Johnson,
Great Falls, VA 22066, US
68. What can we learn from Hoffman's letter?
A. Quality of service determines tipping in the US.
B. Americans don't tip in non-fast-food restaurants.
C. Tipping in US upmarket restaurants is unnecessary.
D. How to tip in the United States is not complicated.
69. Johnson's letter shows ________.
A. a stranger in a restaurant is likely to tip a bit more
B. diners receive better service if they frequent a restaurant
C. repeat diners may get good service if they tip a bit more
D. the tipping system works to the advantage of new customers
70. From the two letters, we can learn Professor Raj Persaud ______ .
A. feels doubtful about the value of tipping
B. believes tipping improves quality of service
C. wants to ask Hoffman about tipping in the US
D. thinks tipping a bit more one can get good service
71. The two letters most probably appears in a ______.
A. notice B. handbook C. book review D. newspaper
Sir, I was halfway through Professor Raj Persaud's article “What's the tipping point"
(Financial Times Weekend, April 9-l0) when it occurred to me that what I was reading was not ironic(讽刺的). If Prof Persaud wants to know why Americans tip in restaurants, he need only ask the first American he meets in London.
Americans tip in restarts for one reason, and one reason only: we tip to supplement (补贴) the salary of restaurant workers. Quality of service does not enter into it, beyond the fact that one may tip a bit less for poor service, or a little more for good service.
Not tipping at all in a non-fast-food restaurant is not a choice. In the US, one used to tip about 15 per cent for dining in a family-style restaurant or in an up-market (高档的) restaurant. Here, in San Francisco Bay area restaurants, we me encouraged to tip 20 per cent or more, to help restart workers live in this very expensive area.
After eating at an Italian restart in my city, I left a tip of 20 per cent on the non-tax part of our dinner bill. It was expected. There is nothing more complicated (复杂的) than that about Americas tipping in restaurants.
Sir, I agree with most of Raj Persaud's opinion about the doubtful value of tipping, but with one exception(例外). Tips can be very useful when one is a repeat customer or diner.
It is only when the tipper is a stranger and likely to remain so that the system does not work to his or her advantage. But frequent a hotel or a restaurant, always tip a bit more, and the difference in service and treatment will ha easily felt.
Phfiip McBnde Johnson,
68. What can we learn from Hoffrnan's letter?
B. Americans don't tip in non fast-food restaurants.
C. Tipping in US upmarknt restarts is unnecessary.
C. repeat dinners may get good service ifthay tip a bit more
70. From tbe two letters, we can learn Professor Raj Persaud ______ .
C. wats to ask Hoffman about tipping m the US
D. thinks tipping a bit mom one can get good service
CA white-haired old gentleman steps out of his car, bag in hand and coat over his arm, he has called from the office to say that he is on the way. His wife is preparing supper. He can see the light shining inside his own front door. He looks forward to a fire and hot milk. It is a cold night. A few seconds later he is lying on the icy ground in a pool of his own blood. It doesn't happen very often, but it does happen in the capital city of the United States. It is more likely to happen in the near-deserted city center at night. What happened to him could happen to any of us. Senator Stennis, who is 71 , got out of his white Buick at 7:40 p.m. outside his home at 3609 Cumberland Street. Two youths said, "Get out! Money, please." He followed the order. He handed over his wallet containing several cards, a gold watch and the only money he had in his pockets—twenty-five cents. The youths also said, "Now we're going to shoot you anyway." Anyway they did. One bullet(子弹) hit him in the leg and struck the bone. The other entered his chest just below the upper pocket of his suit. It narrowly missed his heart. Strangely he made it across a ten-meter distance, up eight steps and along twenty more feet of stone path. His wife met him at the door, and saw two men running. The senator told her to call the police and the doctor. The senator is a powerful political figure, but it is unlikely that the two young men knew who he was. More likely the reason for the killing was that he had only no more than a quarter of dollar - not enough for two cups of coffee. 49 According to the passage,_______. A. such a mugging(行凶抢劫) might have happened to anyone B. the mugging happened on a cold evening in a senator's home C. the senator was killed because he was an important politician D. the mugging might not have happened if the senator was young and strong 50. Having robbed the senator, the two young men _______. A. pulled him into a pool B. shot two bullets into his body C. hit out at him hard D. carried him away 51. The two young men were angry by the fact that _______. A. the senator attempted to cheat them B. they failed to get the senator's expensive car C. the senator didn't die in their hands D. the mugging didn't bring them what they had expected 52 Which of the following statements is not true? A. A near-deserted city center at night is a dangerous place. B. People should always carry some money with them. C. Though seriously wounded, the senator managed to get home on his own. D. The senator's wife met the two men and recognized them.
I’m lying on my back in my grandfather’s orchard(果园)，looking up at the branches above me.It is one of the last days of summer.Already the days are shorter and the nights are cooler.Some kinds of apples are already ripe(成熟的).Others will be ready to pick soon.I think of my grandmother’s apple pie，and how I used to make it with her.She died last year，before the apple harvest，and I have not had her pie since.I really miss her.I hear bees busily humming about，visiting the late summer flowers.The gentle hum of their wings nearly sends me to sleep.
The sky is as blue as my grandfather’s eyes.Above me，big white clouds race across the sky like pieces of cotton blowing in the w ind.School starts in another week，and time seems to have slowed down.
“Sophie！”calls my grandfather.“Is that you？”I stand up，take his hand，and tell him all about my day as we walk through the orchard.We talk about apples，and bees，and Grandma.He tells me that he misses her too.
He puts his rough，brown farmer’s hand around my shoulder and pulls me close.“You know，Sophie，”he says，“I spent the morning in the attic(阁楼)，and you’ll never guess what I found.It’s the recipe(烹饪法) for Grandma’s apple pie.I used to help her make it sometimes.I can’t do it all alone，but you used to help her too.Maybe between the two of us，we ca n work it out.Want to try？”
“But it won’t be the same without Grandma，” I tell him.
“That’s true，”he says，“but nothing_is_the_same_without_Grandma.Still，I don’t think that she would want us never to have another apple pie.What do you say？” I nod yes，and we walk towards home...towards an afternoon in the farmhouse kitchen，making Grandma’s famous apple pie.
1.We learn from the passage that Sophie .
A．likes to watch clouds in the attic
B．comes to the orchard after school
C．enjoys Grandma’s apple pie very much
D．picks many apples in the orchard
2.Sophie’s grandfather spent the morning in the attic______ .
A．looking for Grandma’s recipe for apple pie
B．helping Sophie’s grandmother make apple pie
C．trying to make apple pie all alone for Sophie
D．talking about apples，and bees，and Grandma with Sophie
3.The underlined part in the last paragraph shows
A．how much Sophie’s grandmother loved Sophie
B．how much Sophie’s grandfather likes apple pies
C．how much Sophie loves her grandfather’s orchard
D．how much Sophie’s grandfather misses Grandma
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A．My grandfather’s orchard B．My grandmother’s apple pie
C．A morning in the attic D．The last days of summer
Douglas Adams was born in Cambridge in March 1952, educated at Brentwood School, Essex and St John's College, Cambridge where, in 1974 he gained a BA (and later an MA) in English literature.
He was the creator of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy(《银河系漫游指南》), which started life as a BBC Radio 4 series in March 1978. Since then it has been transformed into a series of best-selling novels, a TV series, a record album, a computer game and several stage adaptations.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy's success sent the book straight to Number One in the UK Bestseller List and in 1984 Douglas Adams became the youngest author to be awarded a Golden Pan. He won a further two (a rare feat), and was nominated—though not selected - for the first Best of Young British Novelists awards.
He followed this success with The Restaurant at the End of the Universe (1980); Life, The Universe and Everything (1982); So Long and Thanks for all the Fish (1984); and Mostly Harmless (1992). The first two books in the Hitchhiker series were adapted into a 6-part television series, which was an immediate success when first showed in 1982. Other publications include Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency (1987) and Long Dark Tea-time of the Soul (1988). In 1984 Douglas teamed up with John Lloyd and wrote The Meaning of Life and their second huge success, The Deeper Meaning of Life followed in 1990. One of Douglas’s personal favorites was written in 1990 when he teamed up with zoologist Mark Carwardine and wrote Last Chance to See an account of a world-wide search for rare and endangered species of animals.
Douglas sold over 15 million books in the UK, the US and Australia. He was also a best seller in German, Swedish and many other languages.
Douglas Adams died on Friday, May 11, 2001, in Santa Barbara, CA. He will be greatly missed by fans worldwide.
1.The main idea of this passage is .
A．Douglas Adams, always loved by fans
B．Douglas Adams and The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy
C．Douglas Adams and his works
D．Douglas Adams’s personal lives
2.The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy was first shown to the public as .
A．a radio series B．a movie C．a TV series D．a computer game
3.Which two books were adapted into a six-part TV series?
A．Life, The Universe and Everything and Mostly Harmless
B．The Restaurant at the End of the Universe and Life, The Universe and Everything
C．The Restaurant at the End of the Universe and So Long and Thanks for all the Fish
D．So Long and Thanks for all the Fish and Mostly Harmless
4. Last Chance to See is a book about .
A．Some stories happening in a Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency
B．the author’s personal favorites
C．a zoologist and his worldwide experiences
D．searching for rare and endangered species of animals
5.Which of the following statement is not true?
A．Douglas Adams died at the age of 49 and he was memorized by his fans.
B．Douglas Adams was the youngest author to be selected as one of the first Best of Young British Novelists.
C．John Lloyd was one of the authors of the two books, The Meaning of Lifeand The Deeper Meaning of Life.
D．Douglas graduated from Essex and St John's College and gained a Master’s Degree.
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