题目内容

8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）．并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分．
There are different train ticket for people to choose from when traveled by train．They may want to buy a single ticket and a return ticket．A single ticket allows us to enjoy more freedom at their destinations while a return not only is cheaper but also saves them trouble of buying the ticket when they have decided to return．Some people prefer hard seats to soft ones．Young people would like to have hard seats because enjoying the company of other passengers is exactly when they need during a journey．Businessmen would not like to have soft seats．They wanted to have a good rest．When they get on the train，they are still energetic and can rapid go on to do their jobs．

分析 本文首先介绍了可供人们购买的两种火车票的类型（单程票与往返票）以及它们的特点；其次介绍了年轻人选择硬座，商人喜欢软座的原因等．

解答 There are different train ticket for people to choose from 
when traveled by train．They may want to buy a single ticket
 and a return ticket．A single ticket allows us to enjoy more 
freedom at their destinations while a return not only is cheaper 
but also saves them∧trouble of buying the ticket when they have 
decided to return．Some people prefer hard seats to soft ones．
Young people would like to have hard seats because enjoying
 the company of other passengers is exactly when they need 
during a journey．Businessmen would not like to have soft seats．
They wanted to have a good rest．When they get on the train，
they are still energetic and can rapid go on to do their jobs．

详解：
1．ticket改为tickets   考查名词的单复数    此处指的是：各种不同的火车票，应使用名词的复数形式；故用tickets． 
2．traveled改为traveling/travelling    考查现在分词   此处在句中作时间状语，由于动词travel与其逻辑主语people构成主谓关系；故用traveling/travelling．    
3．and改为or   考查句意理解以及连词   本句的意思是：他们可能想买一张单程票或者是往返票；此处表示选择；故用or．
4．us改为them   考查人称代词的一致性     结合上文可知，这里代指的是那些购买火车票的人们；此处用在动词allows之后作宾语，应使用they的宾格形式；故用them．
5．在trouble之前加the    考查定冠词    此处用在名词trouble之前，表示特指：由购买返程票的引起麻烦；故用定冠词the．
6．将exactly之后的when改为what    考查句意理解以及连接代词    此处用来引导表语从句，由于该从句中缺少宾语，意为：…的；故用what．
7．去掉would 之后的not    考查上下文句意理解    根据下文提到：商人们想好好休息，可知他们愿意坐软座；故去掉would 之后的not．    
8．wanted改为want    考查时态    根据上下文都使用了一般现在时可知，此处描述的是商人们通常的习惯；故用want．
 9．on改为off    考查句意理解以及固定短语     本句的意思是：当他们下了火车以后，他们仍然会精力充沛，并且能够继续从事他们的工作；get on"上车"，get off"下车"，故用off．
10．rapid改为rapidly   考查副词   此处用在情态动词can之后，修饰动词短语 go on，所以应使用副词形式；故用rapidly．

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题，主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力．错误类型一般有：缺词、多词和错词．常见的错误有：1 词法错误，主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此类试题时，需要正确分析句子成分，熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常见句法错误．通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误．解答此类试题时，需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法．3 应在理解文章大意的前提下，进行作答．

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18．A jobless man applied for the position of"office boy"at Microsoft．The HR manager interviewed him and then watched him cleaning the floor as a test．
"You are employed，"he said．"Give me your e-mail address and I'll send you the application to fill in，as well as date when you may start．"The man replied，"But I don't have a computer，neither an e-mail．"
"I'm sorry，"said the HR manager．"If you don't have an e-mail，that means you do not exist．And who doesn't exist cannot have the job．"
The man left with no hope at all．He didn't know what to do，with only ten dollars in his pocket．He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy 10kg tomatoes．He then sold the tomatoes from door to door．In less than two hours，he succeeded to double his capital．He repeated the operation three times，and returned home happily with 60 dollars．
The man realized that he can survive in this way，and started to go every day earlier，and return late．Thus，his money doubled or tripled every day．Shortly，he bought a cart，then a truck，and then he had his own fleet of delivery vehicles．Five years later，the man is one of the biggest food retailers in the US．
He started to plan his family's future and decided to have a life insurance．He called an insurance broker and chose a protection plan．
When the conversation was concluded the broker asked him his e-mail．The man replied，"I don't have an e-mail．"
The broker answered curiously，"You don't have an e-mail，and yet have succeeded to build an empire．Can you imagine what you could have been if you had an e-mail？"The man thought for a while and replied，"Yes，I'd be an office boy at Microsoft!"
51．Why can't the man have the job at Microsoft？C
A．Because he was lazy
B．Because he didn't pass the test．
C．Because he didn't have an e-mail
D．Because he didn't have a computer．
52．The underlined word"triple"can be replaced byB．
A．become large        
B．become 3 times      
C．increase quickly   
D．decrease quickly
53．According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE？B
A．The man is one of the biggest food retailers in the world．
B．The man didn't give up though he failed the interview．
C．He started his career by selling tomatoes in the supermarket．
D．Those who have e-mails can work at Microsoft．
54．The man can be described asC．
A．helpful and considerate            
B．positive and generous
C．smart and hardworking               
D．stubborn and unselfish
55．Which proverb can best describe the story？A
A．Misfortune may be an actual blessing
B．Where there is a will，there is a way．
C．Accidents will happen
D．No pains，no gains．
19．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）．并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
  2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分．
There are different train ticket for people to choose from when traveled by train．They may want to buy a single ticket and a return ticket．A single ticket allows us to enjoy more freedom at their destinations while a return not only is cheaper but also saves them trouble of buying the ticket when they have decided to return．Some people prefer hard seats to soft ones．Young people would like to have hard seats because enjoying the company of other passengers is exactly when they need during a journey．Businessmen would not like to have soft seats．They wanted to have a good rest．When they get on the train，they are still energetic and can rapid go on to do their jobs．
16．Drugs helped to relieve（减轻；缓解） the pain．
3．The small village，which is located （位于） at the foot of the mountain，has become a holiday resort．
13．Every country shares things （46）incommon：we value family and laughter，cherish food and health，and celebrate large （47）festivals （festival） and traditions．Yet within the similar things we share，there are unique parts of each country．One of characteristics that are famous of British people（48）is （be） their sense of humor，particularly self-mockery （自嘲）．This is a type of humor that criticizes and undervalues oneself．For example，a fat person may joke："I am on a new sea food diet．If I see food，I eat it．"This is（49）awell-known self-mockery joke．It's difficult why self-mockery（50）is tied （tie） to the British people．But every nation's sense of humor comes from its culture and history．It could come from another British characteristic，modesty，（51）meaning （mean） not talking openly about your skills．This seems to be something that is similar to people in China，（52）wheremodesty plays a big part in daily life．It also acts as a defense of our self-respect by playing down our skills，this can（53）lessen （less） the chance of people criticizing us．Another possible reason is（54）thatthe British people do not take themselves too（55）seriously （serious）．
20．He only charged me half price for repairing the bike．
8．It's raining cats and dogs．I'm so surprised that you ________stand outside!（　　）
A．mightB．mayC．shallD．should
9．The﹩11billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like"I never do anything right"into positive ones like"I can succeed．"But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right？Is there power in positive thinking？
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect：it can simply stress how unhappy they are．
The study's authors，Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick，begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is too positive，they actually feel worse，not better．If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein，you're just underlining his faults．In one 1990s experiment，a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled．When the authors were later praised for their sympathy，they felt even worse about what they had written．
In this experiment，Wood，Lee and Perunovic measured 68students'self-respect．The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes．Every 15seconds，one group of students heard a bell．When it rang，they were supposed to tell themselves，"I am lovable．"
Those with low self-respect didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation（自我肯定）．In fact，their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group，who weren't urged to think positive thoughts．
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy （心理治疗） that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them．In the fighting，we not only often fail but can make things worse．Instead，meditation （静思） techniques can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger，more realistic way．Call it the power of negative thinking．

41．What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry？C
A．It was established by Norman Vincent Peale．
B．It is a highly profitable industry．
C．It is based on the concept of positive thinking．
D．It has provided positive results．
42．What is the finding of the Canadian researchers？D
A．There can be no simple treatment for psychological problems．
B．The power of positive thinking is limited．
C．Unhappy people cannot think positively．
D．Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good．
43．What does the author mean by"…you're just underlining his faults"（Para.3）？A
A．You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent．
B．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough．
C．You are trying to make him feel better about his faults．
D．You are pointing out the errors he has committed．
44．It can be inferred from the experiment of Wood，Lee and Perunovic thatC．
A．It is important for people to continually boost their self-respect．
B．Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood．
C．Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-respect．
D．People with low self-respect seldom write down their true feelings．
45．What do we learn from the last paragraph？B
A．People can avoid making mistakes through meditation．
B．Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy．
C．The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person．
D．Different people tend to have different ways of thinking．

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