题目内容

 

   The term “multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time. For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss.

   In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex (前额叶脑皮层). Brian scans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex “moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed (拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered. What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to anther thought or task, and then took that “moment” to come back. Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency (效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time.

   Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes.

   We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names---even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them.

1.Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking?

    A. To make them more productive.         B. To reduce their stress and anxiety.

C. To develop their communication skills.  D. To help them perform daily tasks more easily.    

2.According to Paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who has called?

 A. He may leave his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged.

 B. He is probably interrupted by another task.

 C. He is probably not very familiar with the person he has called.

 D. He may need a rest between dialing and speaking.

3.People tend to make mistake when ____.

   A. they perform several challenging tasks at a time.

   B. new messages are processed one after another

   C. their relationships with others are affected

   D. the tasks require little thought

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Multitasking has become a way of life.

B. Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.

C. Multitasking exercises need to be improved.

D. Multitasking enables people to remember things better.

 

【答案】

1.A

解析:推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知,作者提出:“In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time.”,之后用although引出转折,这种训练有时并不能productive。所以选择A。有部分人认为这种大脑的训练能够帮助他们高效的工作。

2.B

解析:细节理解题。主要根据“this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks”,可以推断出之后的“if you’ve ever dialed (拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered”的情况,所以选择B。

3.A

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段内容,特别是最后一句话可知当人在同时从事两项或多项需要花费精力的工作时,常常会出错。故选择A。

4.B

解析:主旨大意题。最后一段中作者继续描述了之前的观点:一个人同时从事多项工作会出现很多问题。回到整篇文章,作者主要观点就是告诉大家:多项工作不能产生高效的结果,故选择B。

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Recently a Beijing father sent in a question at an Internet forum (论坛) asking what "PK" meant.
"My family has been watching the 'Super Girl' singing competition TV program. My little daughter asked me what 'PK' meant, but I had no idea," explained the puzzled father.
To a lot of Chinese young people who have been playing games online, it is impossible not to know this term. In such Internet games, "PK" is short for "Player Kill", in which two players fight until one ends the life of the other.
In the case of the "Super Girl" singing competition, "PK" was used to refer to the stage where two singers have to compete with each other for only one chance to go up in competition ranking.
Like this father, Chinese teachers at high schools have also been finding their students' compositions using Internet jargons which are difficult to understand. A high school teacher from Tianjin asked her students to write compositions with simple language, but they came up with a lot of Internet jargons that she didn't understand.
"My 'GG' came back this summer from college. He told me I've grown up to be a 'PLMM'. I loved to 'FB' with him together; he always took me to the 'KPM'," went one composition. "GG" means Ge Ge (Chinese pinyin for brother). "PLMM" refers to Piao Liang Mei Mei (beautiful girl). "FB" means Fu Bai (corruption). "KPM" is short for KFC, Pizza Hut and McDonald's.
Some specialists welcome Internet jargons as a new development in language.
If you do not even know what a Kong Long (dinosaur, referring to an ugly looking female) or a Qing Wa (frog, referring to an ugly looking male) is, you will possibly be regarded as a Cai Niao!
45. By writing the article, the writer tries to  ________ .
A. explain some Internet language          B. suggest common Internet language
C. laugh at the Beijing father               D. draw our attention to Internet language
46. What does the writer think about the term "PK"?
A. Fathers can't possibly know it.          B. The daughter should understand it.
C. Online game players may know it.       D. "Super Girl" shouldn't have used it.
47. The examples of the Beijing father and the Tianjin teacher are used to show that Internet jargons ________ .
A. are used not only online                   B. can be understood very well
C. are welcomed by all the people          D. cause trouble to our mother tongue
48. The underlined word "jargons" means " ________ " in Chinese.
A. 行话               B. 粗口              C. 歌词               D. 趋势

Is there something that you've always wanted to try but just never had the time? Well, make plans to try it now since you are on summer vacation. Not all vacations call for taking a tour bus to take photos of famous landmarks. Some vacations allow you plenty of opportunities to learn.
The most difficult aspect of a learning vacation may be choosing one because the possibilities are endless. If you enjoy cooking, various companies can take you to Italy, France, Spain, Mexico or even Peru. Once there, you can learn to prepare the local cuisine(烹饪). Trips are often planned to fit in with local food festivals or special events.
The term “learning vacation” often brings language to mind. The best way to learn a language is in an environment where it's spoken. Study Spanish, French or English. Or attempt a more unusual language like Polish, Estonian or Thai. You'll be able to learn about the country and absorb the culture at the same time.
If you are fond of sports, you can polish your skills or learn new ones. Golf and tennis schools welcome players of all levels. If you want a bigger thrill, you can learn to surf, go climbing or race cars. It's even possible to learn the art and techniques of bull fighting while on vacation!
You can also discover our inner artist.  Many places offer painting classes in different mediums. The scenic locations, of the schools offer plenty of subjects that provide inspiration for practice.
If you prefer capturing the world on film, take a photography vacation. Travel with a small group to photograph beautiful animals or scenery.  You can also practise your technique on people or at historical sights.
Once you decide on a vacation, choose a company carefully.  Request names of recent customers you can contact,  and then ask them for an evaluation. The more you know before you go,  the better prepared you'll be.  Then go out and learn something!
【小题1】Why is it hard for you to decide on a learning vacation?

A.Because it is hard for you to make plans.
B.Because the possibilities are unlimited.
C.Because there are many good foods from abroad.
D.Because there're too many food festivals or events.
【小题2】The advantage of learning a language in its native country is that ________.
A.the environment is fit for you to use the language
B.you are able to learn the original foreign language
C. native speakers offer you a lot of chances to practise
D.you can learn the language and experience its culture
【小题3】Which of the following sports suits you if you don't like thrills?
A.Car racing.B.Playing tennis.
C.Rock climbing.D.Surfing.

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意:每空格1个单词。

What is eco­fashion?Eco-fashion is about making clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.  It is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion —‘ecological’ and ‘ethical’.Ecological fashion usually refers to textile (织物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them;ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes.

What are the problems with fashion?A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly,the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton­planting uses pesticides;sheep­farming and wool­cleaning contribute to global warming;synthetics­making (人造纤维生产) brings about waste which does harm to our environment. Secondly,every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy,and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this,there is a lot of waste produced in the process,especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly,growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment,and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.

Then,how to solve the problems? Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it comes to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity. The fashion industry has been slow to adopt these changes and part of the problem is the very nature of fashion. To a large degree,it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint,from switching to green energy and reducing energy use,through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers,to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand,as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption.

There is some concern that eco friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesn't happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco­fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.

 

 

 

                   Why choose eco-fashion?

 

 

  71  of fashion

 

       

 

Ecological

 

Textile & clothing production processes;

Issues related to   72 

Ethical

 

Working   73   involved

 

 

 

 

Problems with fashion

 

 

 

 

 

Textile   74 

 

Cotton-planting: use of pesticides;

Sheep­farming & wool­cleaning: global warming;

Synthetics-making:   75   waste

 

 

Clothing production

 

 

Producing a lot of waste;

Using harmful chemicals;

  76   a great deal of energy

 

Consumption levels & shopping habits

 

New clothes: bought in increasing quantities

 

Old clothes:   77   away quickly

 

 

 

  78   to problems

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fashion producers

 

 

 

Ways to recycle and   79   waste:

 Switching to green energy;

Reducing energy use;

Selecting sustainable materials;

Choosing local suppliers

 

___80__

 

 

Selecting environmentally friendly clothing

Reducing clothing consumption

            Choosing eco­fashion can contribute to our personal health.

             

 

It was the beginning of a new term. As a(n)   36   teacher in that school, I didn’t know any of the students. A little girl was   37   at the gate of the classroom. She looked very   38  .

I walked up to her and asked   39   she stood there. But she said   40  . Instead, a boy shouted, “She is from Grade Four, the   41   student in her grade.” I looked at the little girl, who didn’t seem to be the smart kind. I   42   why her teacher asked her to stay in Grade Three. I took her hand and   43   her into the classroom.

“Sit here. Now you are my student and I’m your teacher,” I said. She   44   said nothing, but she burst into tears.

I later learnt that her parents   45   in a car accident, and she had   46   talking to others since then. She learnt very   47  . I gave her respect and never   48   her as I know everybody deserves (值得) respect. I   49   her after school, and she was making   50   little by little. I encouraged her and as   51   went by, she was not as shy as before. At the end of the term, she seemed to have forgotten all her   52  . She was not one of the best students when she left that school,   53   at least, she was not that shy and sad little girl any longer.

In the following   54  , she would send me a card on each Thanksgiving Day. Three days ago, I received a(n)   55   to her wedding. And now, I am at her wedding, and she is smiling brightly.

Everyone deserves respect and everyone can be happy!

1.A. old                  B. new                  C. good            D. famous

2.A. smiling              B. sitting                C. standing           D. crying

3.A. tall                B. shy                  C. beautiful          D. kind

4.A. if                    B. when               C. why              D. how

5.A. something             B. anything               C. nothing             D. everything

6.A. worst                B. shortest               C. ugliest             D. smartest

7.A. remembered        B. thought                C. asked             D. understood

8.A. threw                B. pushed                C. pulled              D. led

9.A. firstly                 B. still                   C. surprisingly     D. finally

10.A. fought             B. disappeared            C. met              D. died

11.A. kept             B. stopped             C. advised         D. forgot

12.A. fast                      B. widely                  C. slowly              D. quietly

13.A. played jokes with   B. thought highly of C. took care of     D. looked down upon

14.A. helped            B. served                C. chose           D. pleased

15.A. progress                  B. happiness                   C. marks              D. surprises

16.A. dreams            B. efforts                 C. energy        D. time

17.A. joy                 B. sadness                C. past            D. anger

18.A. since                   B. because               C. so                 D. but

19.A. hours              B. years                  C. months          D. days

20.A. invitation                 B. card                 C. key               D. letter

 

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