题目内容

Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.

The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.

Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect.

Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.

A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.

Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.

Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.

1. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?

A.The man-made noises.

B.The noises made by themselves.

C.The sound of earthquakes.

D.The sound of the ice-breaking.

2. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?

A.Different places with different types of noises.

B.The very human ears sensitive to all types of noises.

C.The same noise measured differently on land and in the ocean.

D.The ocean animals' reaction to noises.

3.As to the influence of noises on whales, which of the following statements is true?

A.They are deaf to noises.

B.Noises at a certain level may hurt them.

C.They are easily confused by noises.

D.Noises will limit their ability to reproduce.

4.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?

A.They will try their best to decrease noise.

B.They will work hard to cut down noise pollution.

C.They will study the effect of different noises.

D.They will protect animals from harmful noises.

 

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

【解析】略

 

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

  Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water.To he human is to think.But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it.Tbinking about thinking is the key to critical(判断性的)thinking.When you think critically,you take control of your thinking processes(过程).Otherwise,you might be controlled by the ideas of others.Indeed,critical thinking is at the heart of education.

  The word“critical”here has a special meaning.It does not mean taking one view a-gainst another view,as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong.The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen-be-yond the pictures on TV,the untrue reports in the newspapers,and the faulty reasoning.

  Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity.If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it,you are a critical thinker.If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas,characters,and facts,you are a critical thinker.

  Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration.They take time,and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in to-day's world:fast foods,instant coffee,and self-developing film.If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence(智力),you may learn some-thing new from a story about Albert Einstein.The first time Banesh Hoffman,a scien-tist,was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein,Hoffman was too nervous to speak.But Einstein immediatelyput Hoffman at ease by saying,“Please go slowly.I don't understand things quickly.”

(1)

Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,________

[  ]

A.

it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast

B.

we might be controlled by other people's ideas

C.

we will follow the ideas of others naturally

D.

we might be fooled by other people's ideas

(2)

If you are a critical thinker,you will ________

[  ]

A.

think deeply about different ideas

B.

trust the reports in the newspapers

C.

take one view against another view

D.

criticize other people for their mistakes

(3)

In the last paragraph,“something new”suggests that ________

[  ]

A.

the smarter you are,the faster you do things

B.

the faster you do things,the smarter you become

C.

speed can improve intelligence

D.

intelligence is not decided by speed

(4)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[  ]

A.

Thinking and Critical Thinking

B.

Understanding Critical Thinking

C.

Thinking Is Natural and Human

D.

Thinking Fast Means Intelligence

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