题目内容

Negative （消极的）self talk and negative energy can affect you in many ways and cause you additional stress. Because of this，developing more Positive self talk is an important way to reduce stress in your life. You can help yourself keep a positive frame of mind 一which will help with positive self talk一by surrounding yourself with positive energy in your life. You can get that by adding some elements to your life.

Listening to music that not only has a soothing melody，but an uplifting(令人振奋的) message，can be great for developing positive self talk. Have you ever had a song “stuck in your head” for a few hours or days，the lyrics(歌词) repeating themselves in your mind?’’ If those lyrics were positive and inspirational，that would be a good thing. It’s a much better mental soundtrack to have than a running stream of complaints，criticisms of self-limiting thoughts，or even songs that had more depressing or sad lyrics.

Books on strength, personal power, enlightenment, or self help can be good resources to help you change your outlook and the things you say to yourself. Rather than bringing habitual self-defeating thoughts，you can find yourself thinking of new can-do concepts when times get tough.

One of the most important ways you can get and keep positive energy in your life is with the company you keep. Do your friends uplift you，or bring you down? Are they critical，or complementary? Ideal friendships provide support when you’re down, fun when you’re up，wisdom when you’re lost，and positive regard. Good friends can inspire you to reach greater heights，and see your strengths even when you don’t always. Pay attention to how your friends make you feel，and if they’re less than supportive，start putting your energy and time toward people who are better suited to be your friend.

In addition，positive affirmations （肯定） can certainly change your self talk from negative to positive. Now，why not begin working positive affirmations into your life in some creative ways?

1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Reducing stress by surrounding yourself with positive energy.

B. Adding some elements to your life.

C. Getting positive energy from the company you keep.

D. Changing your self talk with positive affirmation.

2.How many ways does the author suggest to keep a positive frame of mind?

A. 3.          B. 4.         C. 5.          D. 6.

3.According to the passage，your best company should be those who __________.

A. uplift you or bring you down                     B. provide fun when you’re down

C. encourage you to do things even better      D. are less than supportive

4. What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?

A. How negative self talk influences a person.

B. How positive self talk reduces stress in one’s life.

C. Some great ways of making great friends.

D. Some creative ways of practicing affirmation.

 

【答案】

 

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.D

【解析】略

 

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假如你是李华，你的笔友Tom最近发来E-mail说他最近学习状态不佳。请根据下列要点，给Tom回复E-mail，给他介绍几个自我激励的方法。可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯
词数在100左右。
提示：1. 每天花十五分钟做自己最喜欢的事；
2. 随身携带纸和笔，每天至少记下一件让你感到骄傲的事情；
3. 停止负面思考，专注于解决学习问题。
参考词汇：自我激励 self-motivate v. 负面的negative
                                                                                

How can we measure animals’ emotions? A new study of animal’s emotions suggests that, as in humans, emotions can tell animals about how dangerous their world is, and guide the choices that they make. The article of the study by Bristol University’s professor Mike Mendl was published online.

An animal living in an environment where it is often threatened by predators(捕食者）will develop a negative emotion or “mood”, such as anxiety. However, one in an environment with plenty of opportunities to get resources for survival will be in a more positive mood state.

The researchers say that these emotional states not only show the animal’s experiences, but also help it decide how to make choices, especially in unclear situations. This could have good or bad results. An animal in a negative mood state will make a safety-first with a “pessimistic” response to an unclear event. For example, it considers a noise in the grass as a signal of the predator. At the same time, an animal in a positive mood state will benefit from a more “optimistic” response. It considers the noise as a signal of prey(猎物）.

Professor Mike Mendl, head of the Animal Welfare and Behavior Research Group at Bristol University’s School of Clinical Veterinary Science said, “ We can use “optimistic” or “pessimistic”decision-making as a symbol of an animal’s emotional state. Recent studies by our group and others suggest that this is a meritorious new approach to studying a variety of animal species.”

“Public interest in animal welfare remains high, with widespread concern about the way in which animals are treated, used and included in society. To understand how animals should be treated, we need to better understand their emotional lives,” Mike Mendl said. The researchers believe Mike Mendl’s study can help them to better understand and assess an animal’s emotions.

1.When an animal is in a negative mood state, _______.

A. its response to an unclear event is pessimistic

B. it will pay little attention to an unclear event

C. it is easy for it to make right decisions

D. it has more opportunities to get food

2.The underlined word “meritorious” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “_______”.

A. valuable?????????? B. useless???????? C. fashionable??????? D. hopeless

3.We can infer from the passage that ________.

A. the animals with positive emotions live longer

B. there is no way to assess an animal’s emotions

C. few people care about animal welfare nowadays

D. the environment can influence animal’s emotions

4.Mike Mendl advised people to better understand animal’s emotions in order to _____.

A. tell people to build more protected areas for animals

B. explain animals should be regarded as people’s friends

C. raise people’s interest in studying animals

D. make people know how to treat animals properly

5.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Different kinds of Animals’ Emotions

B. Emotions Helps Animals to Make Choice

C. The Living Environment of Wild Animals

D. The Best Way to Measure Animals’ Emotions

 

Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.

??? The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 percent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 percent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.

??? Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebra-fish（斑马鱼） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebra-fish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin (黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.

??? It appears that, like the golden zebra-fish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented skin.

??? However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebra-fish genes.

??? Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.

??? But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.

??? Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.

??? The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

1.The passage mainly tells us that ________.

A. people can not change their skin color without any pain

B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely

C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked

D. scientists have found out that people’s skin color is determined by the gene

2.It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.

A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment

B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene

C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer

D. there are two kinds of genes

3.Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebra-fish in order to _____________.

A. find the different genes of humans’

B. prove the humans’ skin color is determined by the pigment gene

C. find out the reason why the Africans’ skin color is dark

D. find out the ways of changing people’s skin color

4. The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _____________.

A. they are born light-skinned people

B. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production

C. they have fewer activities outside

D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin

5.The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is ______________.

A. neutral????????????? ??????? B. negative????????????? ????? C. positive??????? D. unconcerned

 

Growing up, I knew I was different. My father had left and he never came back. As I later discovered, the abandonment triggered my anxiety attacks. I feared being alone, unwanted, unpopular, and unloved.

      My first attack came in a ninth-grade class: The teacher asked me to walk in front of the class, but I couldn't do it- I was soaked in sweat, shaking. My symptoms began every morning from the moment when I stepped inside the school building.

     Throughout my childhood, I was no stranger to the doctor's office. My mother tried everything she could in hope of a breakthrough. There were times I thought suicide could be the only way to make the pain stop.

      By age 16, I had shut down socially. Most of my peers were going to parties, playing sports, and dating. But I was a prisoner in my own home.

     Then one Sunday morning, my wake-up call came from a magazine article. Freddie Prinze, Jr. was on the cover. The article detailed the pain of losing his father at a young age. I felt as though I were reading my own life story. The only difference? He was now a success.

     That article inspired me to explore a new treatment option for myself. I wanted to turn my life around as well. So I hit the library and the Internet, and I began to realize how my negative thoughts controlled my physical well-being.

     Immediately, I made a plan to take charge of my life. Shortly after following the items I had listed, I was able to stop seeing a therapist. I never returned to high school, but I did go to college. After graduation, I pursued a career in television news. My relationships have changed for the better, too. I've made new friends and reconnected with many from my past

     The anxiety isn't completely gone, but whenever it returns, I know the feeling will pass, and know I have the power to change my life, only if I will give myself a chance.

1.The writer's anxiety attacks were mainly caused by         .

A. the high school which he attended        B. the teacher who asked him to walk

C. the writer himself who was fearful       D. the father who left in his childhood

2.The breakthrough of the writer's treatment came when________.

A. the mother took him to the doctor        B. the writer read a magazine article

C. the writer's pain finally stopped          D. the writer went to college

3.What did the writer do after following the plan?

A. He went to see therapists.               B. He returned to high school.

C. He contacted his old friends.            D. He didn't suffer any attacks.

4.The writer wrote this story to tell us________.

A. anxiety attacks are not lasting if we have proper treatment

B. we shouldn't keep ourselves away from the outside world

C. we can change our lives if we give ourselves a chance

D. fathers are not supposed to abandon their small kids

 

Your peers are people your age or close to it who have experiences and interests similar to yours. You and your friends make dozens of decisions every day, and you influence each other’s choices and behavior. This is often ________ --- it’s human nature to listen to and learn from other people in your age group.

Sometimes, though, the stresses in your life can actually come from your peers. They may pressure you into doing something you’re uncomfortable with, such as shoplifting, doing drugs or drinking, or taking dangerous risks when driving a car.

The pressure to conform（随潮流） can be powerful and hard to resist. A person might feel pressure to do something just because others are doing it. Peer pressure can influence a person to do something that is relatively harmless--- or something that has more serious consequences.

People may feel pressure to conform, so they fit in or are accepted, or so they don’t feel awkward or uncomfortable. When people are unsure of what to do in a social situation, they naturally look to others for cues（暗示）about what is and isn’t acceptable.

The people who are most easily influenced will follow someone else’s lead first. Then others may go along, too --- so it can be easy to think, “It must be OK. Everyone else is doing it. They must know what they’re doing.” Before you know it, many people are going along with the crowd --- perhaps on something they might not otherwise do.

Responding to peer pressure is part of human nature --- but some people are more likely to give in, and others are better able to resist and stand their ground.

It’s not always easy to resist negative peer pressure. But when you do, it is easy to feel good about it afterwards. And you may even be a positive influence on your peers who feel the same way --- often it just takes one person to speak out or take a different action to change a situation.

1.Which of the following is a kind of peer pressure?

A.Your teachers give you a lot of homework.

B.Your parents expect high scores from you.

C.Your classmates persuade you to cut class.

D.Your relatives invite you to attend a party.

2.Which is most likely to be filled in the blank in Paragraph 1?

A.negative

B.impossible

C.positive

D.uncertain

3.Most people tend to do what others are doing in order to _________.

A.feel a sense of achievement

B.get a feeling of being accepted

C.set a good example for others

D.stand out in a crowd

4.What can we know according to the author?

A.Giving in to peer pressure is unavoidable.

B.Peer pressure usually leads to serious results.

C.Going along with the crowd usually means making a right choice.

D.Everyone can make a difference by resisting negative peer pressure.

5.This passage is mainly about _______.

A.thoughts on peer pressure

B.different types of peer pressure

C.ways to deal with peer pressure

D.the influence of peer pressure on people

 

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