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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Snow is a subject of great interest to weather experts . 1. . One reason is that heavy amounts of snow fall in surprisingly small areas . Another reason is that a small change in temperature can mean the difference between snow and rain .

Just what is snow , anyway ? Snow is a form of frozen water . 2. . These crystals grow from water droplets in cold clouds . They usually grow around dust particles(颗粒). All snow crystals have six sides , but they grow in different shapes . The shape depends mainly on the temperature and water levels in the air .

3. . About two and one-half centimeters of rain has as much water as 15 centimeters of wet snow . About 76 centimeters of dry snow equals the water in two and one-half centimeters of rain .

Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from winter weather . Fresh snow is made largely of air trapped among the snow crystals . 4. .

Snow can also influence the movement of sound waves . When there is fresh , soft snow on the ground , the surface of the snow absorbs , or takes in , sound waves . 5. . Then , the snow’s surface will help to send back sound waves . Under these conditions , sounds may seem clearer and may travel farther .

A. Much of the water the world uses comes from snow .

B. It contains groups of ice particles called snow crystals .

C. It is difficult to predict where , when or how much snow will fall .

D. Under some conditions , these particles may grow larger and form solid pieces of ice .

E. Snow contains much less water than rain .

F. However , snow can become hard and flat as it grows older or if there have been strong winds .

G. Because the air has trouble moving , the movement of heat is limited .

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Why do people drink too much, eat too much, smoke cigarettes or take drugs? What’s to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these self-destructive (自我毁灭的) acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist(抵抗) them.

According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.

Think back to the time you took your very first sip of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (诱惑) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.

Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (讽刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to someday develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.

These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.

1. What do most people think causes bad behavior?

A. Being forced by others.

B. Not having enough will power.

C. Enjoying their first experiences.

D. Following the examples of their friends.

2.The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove ____.

A. will power helps develop bad habits sometimes

B. drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagers

C. self-control should be developed when one is young

D. everyone can be challenged by different temptations

3.In the last paragraph, the author stresses that ____.

A. without self-control, no one can succeed

B. bad habits don’t always lead to bad results

C. applying self-control correctly is important

D. people can develop wisdom from bad behavior

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. My First Sip of Beer B. Do You Have Will Power ?

C. Will Power Benefits Us D. Dark Side of Self-control

C

More surprising,perhaps,than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving (兴盛).As Skolnick notes,Americans are marrying people—relative to Europeans,more of us marry and we marry at a younger age.Moreover,after a decline in the early 1970s,the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing.Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry.Thus,marriage remains,by far,the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.

What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family.Twenty-five years ago,the typical American family consisted of a husband,a wife and two or three children.Now,there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children.And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife’s previous marriage,or the husband’s,or both.Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage;sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses.

Thus,one can find the very type of family arrangement.There are marriages without children;marriages with children from only the present marriage;marriages with “full time”children from the present marriage and “part-time” children from former marriages.There are stepfathers,stepmothers,half-brothers,and half-sisters.It is not all the unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! There are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family.But even so,even in the midst of all this,one thing remains constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.

1.By calling Americans marrying people the author means that ______.

A.more of Americans,as compared with Europeans,prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age

B.Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans

C.there are more married couples in USA than in Europe

D.Americans are more traditional than Europeans

2.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s American families?

A.A typical American family consists of only a husband and a wife.

B.Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.

C.Americans prefer to have more kids than before.

D.There are no nuclear families any more.

3.Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families ______.

A.the functions of marriage remain unchanged

B.most Americans prefer a second marriage

C.the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage

D.marriage is still enjoyed by all Americans

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically(心理上的) and physically.

Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.

1. From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.

A. diet products fail to bring out people’s potential

B. people are fed up with diet products

C. people have difficulty in choosing diet products

D. diet products are misleading people

2. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.

A. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods

B. pay attention to their own eating habits

C. watch their weight rather than their diet

D. try out a variety of diet foods

3.The purpose of writing this passage is _________.

A. to warn people of the side effect of diet products

B. to tell people how to lose weight

C. to advise people to eat diet products

D. to introduce some diet products

4.Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage?

CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion

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