题目内容

17．A person has a comparative advantage at producing something if he can produce it at lower cost than anyone else．
Having a comparative advantage is not the same as being the best at something．In fact，someone can be completely unskilled at doing something，yet still have a comparative advantage at doing it!How can that happen？
Let's get some more vocabulary．Someone who is the best at doing something is said to have an absolute advantage．Lance Armstrong （自行车环法七冠王） has an absolute advantage at cycling．For all I know，Lance Armstrong may also be the fastest typist in the world，giving him an absolute advantage at typing，too．Since he's better at typing than you，can't he type more cheaply than you？That is，if someone has an absolute advantage in something，doesn't he automatically have a comparative advantage in it？The answer is no!If Lance takes time out from cycling to do all his own typing，he sacrifices the large income he earns from entertaining fans of the Tour de France （环法自由车赛）．If，instead，his secretary does the typing，the secretary gives up an alternative secretarial job-or perhaps a much lower salary as a cyclist．That is，the secretary is the lower-cost typist．The secretary，not Lance Armstrong，has the comparative advantage at typing!The trick to understanding comparative advantage is in the phrase"lower cost．"What it costs someone to produce something is the opportunity cost-the value of what is given up．Someone may have an absolute advantage at producing every single thing，but he has a comparative advantage at many fewer things，and probably only one or two things．
57．The underlined part in the second paragraph means a comparative advantageB．
    A．is equal to an absolute advantage
    B．doesn't necessarily mean the best skill at something
    C．is not completely based on an absolute advantage
    D．can fully reflect one's ability for work
58．The theory of comparative advantage can remind us of the old saying thatA．
    A．there must be a use for one's talent
    B．where there is a will，there is a way
    C．all roads lead to Rome
    D．action speaks louder than words
59．If Lance Armstrong types today for 60 dollars，but he gives it up and attends the Tour de France for 100 dollars，his opportunity cost isBdollars．
    A．40．B．60．C．100．D．160．
60．According to the author，when we cooperate with somebody，we shouldC．
    A．compare the absolute advantage
    B．consider the time of cooperation
    C．find the comparative advantage first
    D．neglect the opportunity cost．

分析 本文是有关经济学方面的理论，机会成本是经济学里的一个概念，通俗点说是你得到一个东西而失去另一个东西所付出的成本，就跟人常说"吃了碗里不可能还占了锅里"一个道理；机会成本的准确定义是指当把一定的经济资源用于生产某种产品时放弃的另一些产品生产上最大的收益，或者在面临多方案择一决策时，被舍弃的选项中的最高价值者是本次决策的机会成本．浅显的说，绝对优势是自己的某种商品跟别人的一个比较，即处于绝对优势或劣势；而比较优势是自己多种商品之间的一个比较，选择生产绝对优势最大的商品（或绝对劣势最小的商品），从而实现利益最大化．就关系来讲，比较优势和绝对优势是相关度比较高的两个概念，而机会成本是一种付出的代价或者讲失去的机会、东西．

解答 57．答案 B 推理判断题 根据下一句In fact，someone can be completely unskilled at doing something，yet still have a comparative advantage at doing it!可知，事实上，一个人可能在某一方面不完全熟练，但是他仍然可以有比较优势的．故答案为B
58．答案A  推理判断题  根据A person has a comparative advantage at producing something if he can produce it at lower cost than anyone else．Having a comparative advantage is not the same as being the best at somethin．可知，一个人只要以比别人低的成本来做事情，那么就说明他拥有比较优势，尽管他并不十分擅长做这件事，那么比较优势理论就是我们中国人所说的"天生我材必有用"，用英语说就是There must be a use for one's talent．B是"有志者，事竟成"；C是"条条大道通罗马"D是"事实胜于雄辩"，故答案为A  
59．答案 B 推理判断题  根据What it costs someone to produce something is the opportunity cost-the value of what is given up．可知，机会成本是指被舍弃的部分的价值，因此Lance Armstrong 放弃的是一天挣60美元，而去参加环法比赛挣100美元，他的机会成本是60美元，故答案为B
60．答案 C 推理判断题 根据The trick to understanding comparative advantage is in the phrase"lower cost．"Someone may have an absolute advantage at producing every single thing，but he has a comparative advantage at many fewer things，and probably only one or two things．可知，我们要根据最低的机会成本来判断得与失，机会成本越低，说明相对优势就大，因此与人合作时，应该考虑相对优势，故答案为C

点评 本文无论是文章内容，选取话题，还是题目的设置，对于高中的学生来说过难了些．

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Recently，we had a discussion on how to make learning English relaxing and fun．Most students believe that there are many ways to do so．First of all．We can have more interactive activities in class，such as discussions，interviews，story-telling and role-play．In this way，we can have more fun learning English．Secondly，we can take part in more out-of-class activities like English speech contest and English evenings．Thirdly，we need to find more opportunities to communicate in English with people，whether they are English teachers or classmates，foreigners or Chinese，because using English is the best way to learn．
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60．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？B
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9．The Proposal is an American romantic comedy film．Although predictable，it's surprisingly enjoyable and completely charmin9．The story goes as follows．
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The two spend the weekend with his parents in Sitka．Alaska in order to sell the lie，where they will be attending the birthday party of Andrew's grandmother．Margaret is not receptive to Alaska．As they have to act as if they were a real couple in front of Andrew's family，a series of funny things happen during this vacation．However，during the wedding ceremony，Margaret decides she cannot marry Andrew and confesses the business arrangement in front of everyone．including Mr．Gilbertson，who informs her she has twenty-four hours to
get back to Canada．Andrew then rushes to New York and shows up at the office where he expresses his love for Margaret，proposing marriage all over again as he"wants to date Margaret"．The two go to Mr．Gilbertson once more to get engaged，this time"for real"．
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57．Margaret forces Andrew to marry her because sheD．
A．wants to publish her own book    
B．admires Andrew's talent as an editor
C．1ikes the business of Andrew's family 
D．is going to be sent back to Canada
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A．She and Andrew pretend to be a couple all the time．
B．She is actually unwilling to travel to Alaska．
C．She can't stand Andrew's seriousness．
D．She gets on quite well with her workers．
59．The director of the film isA．
A．Anne Fletcher    B．Margaret    C．Ryan Reynolds     D．Andrew
60．It can be inferred from the passage thatC．
A．The Proposal was Ryan Reynolds'first film
B．Andrew's family like Margaret once they see her
C．Margaret and Andrew finally fall in love with each other
D．Bullock was the best actress Reynolds had worked with．
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A．ForB．AsC．WithD．Because
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A．Yes，that's enough．B．Well，that'OK．
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