As a youngster,there was nothing I liked better than Sunday af?ternoons on my grandfather's farm in western Pennsylvania. Sur?rounded by miles of winding stone walls,the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.

I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the farm,I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old;some stones were missing,others loose and falling. Still,my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally,one spring afternoon,I had all my courage to enter the living room,where the adults had gathered after Sunday din?ner.

"I,uh―I want to climb the stone walls," I said. Everyone looked up. "Can I climb the stone walls?" Immediately voices of disagreement went up from the women in the room. "Heavens,no!You'll hurt yourself!" I wasn't too disappoint?ed; the response was just as I'd expected. But before I could leave the room,I was stopped by my grandfather's loud voice. "Now hold on just a minute,"I heard him say. "Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself."

"Go”, he said to me, "and come and see me when you get back."For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls―and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventures. I'll never forget what he said. "Fred," he said,smiling. "You made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember that there's only one person in this whole world like you,and that I like you exactly as you are."

Many years have passed since then,and today I host the television programme Mister Rogers' Neighbourhood,seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years,but one thing remains the same:my mes?sage to children at the end of almost every visit. "There's only one person in this whole world like you”,the kids can count on hearing me say, "and people can like you exactly as you are."

5. Hearing the writer's idea to climb the stone walls,          .

   A. all the adults were surprised

   B. all the adults agreed

   C. all the adults disagreed

   D. not all the adults disagreed

6. The writer enjoyed his visits to the farm because .

   A. there were old stone walls

   B. it was an exciting place for him

   C. he liked his grandfather

   D. the living room there was clean

7. We can learn from the passage that the writer was         .

   A. adventurous   B. funny

   C. smart   D. talkative

8. What did the writer learn from his grandfather and his own experience on the farm?

   A. To do dangerous things. B. To do whatever he liked.

   C. To be proud of himself. D. To be himself.

 Scientists say there are more than three hundred thousand small objects or pieces of debris (碎片) that are larger than one centimeter in orbit round the earth. Any one of these could cause damage to a spacecraft. This is because orbital debris travels very fast― about thirtytwo thou?sand kilometers an hour or more. Even a very small object can be a major threat.

  Space debris made horrible news on March 20th when a part of an old rocket motor about ten centimeters in size threatened the International Space Station (ISS) . NASA warned the three astronauts inside before the object was to reach the area of the station. The three astronauts quickly moved into the Soyuz emergency escape vehicle as a safety measure. They spent about 11 tense minutes in the capsule. Millions of people were watching the news in front of the televi?sion.

  A more costly incident took place on February 10th. An old Russian military satellite and a United States communications satellite crashed into each other eight hundred kilometers above Siberia in Russia. The collision of the two satellites was the first of its kind in over fifty years of space travel. It spread hundreds of pieces of debris that are larger than one centimeter. Russia launched the Kosmos satellite in1993. But it had not operated for ten years. It was one of hundreds of inactive satellites that remain in orbit. The American Iridium 33 satellite was used for telephone communications. It was owned by Iridium Satellite,a company based in Bethesda,Maryland. The collision was really a loss to the company. But it quickly used another satel?lite as a substitute of Iridium 33 so the collision caused little influence to its service.

  But some even bigger debriscausing events take place sometimes. For example in January,2007,one country tested an antisatellite missile by destroying one of its weather satellites. The test broke the satellites apart into at least two thousand eight hundred identifiable pieces. The debris now circles the earth in orbit from two hundred kilometers to over three thousand eight hundred kilometers.

  Currently,there is no treaty to control the spread of space debris.  Scientists have propounded many ways of cleaning up space,such as using nets,giant collecting arms and powerful laser beams that would move or destroy space junk. But for now,these are just ideas. And,as more nations launch spacecraft,the risk of debris strikes will only grow.

(   ) 5. What makes space debris so destructive?

   A. Its great population. B. Its particular shape.

   C. Its travel speed. D. Its inside structure.

(   ) 6. From the second paragraph we can know that         .

   A. the old rocket motor caused great damage to ISS on March 20th

   B. the news that the old rocker motor made drew great attention from the world

   C. the three astronauts lost their lives in the collision on March 20th

   D. the earth couldn't get in touch with the three astronauts on March 20th

(   ) 7. The last two paragraphs imply that         ,

   A. few rules about protecting the environment of space are being carried out

   B. the development of science will make space a more dangerous place

   C. many countries have agreed on the idea of removing space debris together

   D. using giant collecting arms is the best way of treating space debris

(   ) 8. The underlined word "propounded" in the last paragraph means        .

   A. brought up   B. tried out   C. heard of   D. brought in

  Millions of women use cosmetics,often called "makeup". The cosmetics industry is one of the biggest in the world. Most large stores sell cosmetics,and there are always shops at air?ports selling them cheaply. The word "cosmetics" refers to anything that people put on their faces to make them look better. Lipstick,face powder and cream,and eye makeup are the most popular. Although more women than men use cosmetics,there are cosmetics for men as well as women.

Some people even have cosmetic surgery to make their faces look different. They have the shape of their noses and eyes changed.

The most widely used cosmetic is probably lipstick,as many women who do not wear any other makeup will often put on a little lipstick.

Lipstick is made by mixing together different oils and colors. This mixture is then allowed to get hard and is cut into the shape of a small pencil. When a woman presses the lipstick to her lips,the end of it becomes soft,and some of it sticks to her lips,giving them extra color.

Cosmetics were probably first used in India,but it was the Egyptians,six thousand years ago,who made the most use of them. Rich Egyptian women painted their eyes green and black. They used a red color to paint pretty designs on their fingernails,the palms of their hands and the soles of their feet. Pictures of Cleopatra always show her wearing a lot of makeup.

The Romans also used cosmetics. They liked to make their skin very white and to paint their eyes. They also used a kind of lipstick.

In England at one time,very rich women had baths in milk to make their skin beautiful. They also used a lot of sweetsmelling powder to stop people smelling their bodies,which were often very dirty because they did not wash very often or change their clothes.

At one time,some cosmetics were not safe. They were bad for the skin,and some of the lipsticks and powders that people used were even poisonous. Nowadays,people in the cosmetics industry take great care to make sure that everything they use is completely safe.

(   ) 5. Which of the following cosmetics is probably most widely used?

   A. Lipstick. B. Face powder. C. Cream. D. Surgery.

(   ) 6. For what reason do people use cosmetics?

   A. Only to have a good feeling. B. Only to color their face. C. To make themselves look better. D. Instead of surgery.

(   ) 7. From the passage we know that in earlier times,          .

   A. all cosmetics were harmful to people

   B. people never used cosmetics on the eyes

   C. poisonous cosmetics were never used on the skin

   D. not all cosmetics were harmful to the skin

(   ) 8. What is the main meaning of the passage?

   A. Cosmetic surgery is the only method to make people different.

   B. People,women or men,ancient or present,love to be different.

   C. Cosmetics were probably first used by the Egyptians six thousand years ago.

   D. All cosmetics are safe so we should not be careful to use them.

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