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____I will go abroad for further study or not is my top concern these days.

A. If B. Whether C. what D. where

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More than four decades ago British scientist Robert Edwards first witnessed the miracle of human life growing inside a test tube at his Cambridge lab． Since that ground-breaking moment, more than four million babies have been born through IVF and in 2010 his great contribution to science was finally recognized as he was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine．

The prize for Dr Edwards, who was given a Daily Mirror Pride of Britain Award in 2008, includes a ￡900,000 cheque． The Nobel Assembly described IVF as a "milestone in modern medicine"．

With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, the Manchester-born physiologist developed IVF - leading to the birth of the world's first test tube baby． Dr Steptoe died 10 years later but their work has transformed fertility treatment and given hope to millions of couples．

It was a scientific breakthrough that transformed the lives of millions of couples． They said: "His achievements have made it possible to treat infertility, a disease which makes human unable to have a baby． This condition has been afflicting a large percentage of mankind including more than 10% of all couples worldwide．"

Louise Brown, the world's first test tube baby, made international headlines when she was born in Oldham, Gtr Manchester, in 1978 to parents Lesley and John who had been fruitlessly trying for a baby since 1969．

Ivf-in-vitro fertilisation is the process whereby egg cells are fertilised outside the body before being implanted in the womb． After a cycle of IVF, the probability of a couple with infertility problems having a baby is one in five — the same as healthy couples who conceive naturally．

Professor Edwards, who has five daughters and 11 grandchildren, began his research at Cambridge University in 1963, after receiving his PhD in 1955．He once said: "The most important thing in life is having a child． Nothing is more special than a child．" With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, Prof． Edwards founded the Bourn

Hall clinic in Cambridge shire, which now treats more than 900 women a year． Each year, more than 30,000 women in Britain now undergo IVF and 11,000 babies are born as a result of the treatment．

But his work attracted widespread criticism from some scientists and the Catholic Church who said it was "unethical and immoral"．

Martin Johnson, professor of reproductive（生殖的） sciences at the University of Cambridge, said the award was "long overdue"． He said: “We couldn't understand why the Nobel has come so late but he is delighted - this is the cherry on the cake for him．”

Professor Edwards was too ill to give interviews but a statement released by his family said he was "thrilled and delighted"．

1.What is Robert Edwards‘ contribution to science?

A． Challenging a disease which stops human having a baby．

B． Seeing the wonder of the first tube baby growing

C． Enabling millions of couples to live a better life．

D． Helping couples with infertility to have tube babies．

2. What does the underlined word “afflicting”（Paragraph 4）most probably refer to?

A． Troubling B． Developing

C． Improving D． Confusing

3. Why did Professor Edwards begin his research on tube baby?

A． Because he thought it of great significance to have a child in life．

B． Because the birthrate around the world was unexpectedly low then．

C． Because a special child did make a difference to an ordinary family．

D． Because his fellow scientist wanted to give hope to the unlucky couples．

4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 8 and Paragraph 9 that ___________．

A． some people envied Professor Edwards for his being awarded．

B． different opinions were voiced on Professor Edwards‘ finding．

C． Professor Edwards deserved the prize for his breakthrough．

D． the prize was late because the finding was first considered immoral．

5. What might be the best title for the passage?

A． Life Stories of Robert Edwards

B． Preparations for Having a Baby

C． Nobel Prize for IVF Expert Edwards

D． Treatment of Infertility in a Lab

The Adulthood Ceremony was held in the school lecture hall ______ seats approximately 500 students.

A. where B. whose C. which D. when

For many people shopping is considered to be one of the favorite activities. For most of them it is just buying some new clothes or presents for close people. But there is another way for whom shopping is much more than just enjoyable activity, it is a real addiction that in many cases leads to a financial disaster, as well as it brings troubles to person’s life and family.

So why can shopping be so addictive? What are the possible signs to be aware of? And how is it possible to stop the need of spending?

“Some of the new evidence suggests that some people, maybe 10%-15%, may have a genetic preference to an addictive behavior, coupled with an environment in which the particular behavior is caused, but no one really knows why.” However, it is much better understood as to why “shopaholics” continue with their unhealthy and destructive behaviors. Individuals get pleasure from their addiction the same way as if they were under drugs.

And when is it really possible to determine whether simple shopping has crossed the border and has already turned into addiction?

Shopaholics go out and buy things much more often than other people do. They often buy things they do not need. Many shopping addicts go on shopping binges(放纵) all year long and may be forced to buy certain items, such as shoes, clothing or kitchen items. Some just will buy anything. Many times they will spend over their budget limits and get into deep financial trouble, spending well above their income. While someone else will think many times if they can afford this or that thing, shop addicts will not recognize the boundaries of a budget.

1.We can learn from the 3rd paragraph that .

A. shopping addiction is mainly caused by genetic factors

B. shopping addicts are also addicted to drugs

C. the real cause of shopping addiction is known already

D. shopaholics can’t control their unhealthy and destructive behaviors

2.The last paragraph is mainly about .

A. the destructive behaviors of shopaholics

B. the early signs of shopping addiction

C. the problems of shopaholics

D. the binge of shopaholics

3.What could be most probably discussed in the paragraph to follow the passage?

A. How to treat shopping addiction.

B. What really causes shopping addiction.

C. When shopping addiction takes place.

D. What kind of people can become shopping addicts.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. shopping addiction can’t cause serious problems

B. shopping addicts only want enjoyable activities through buying

C. it’s not a good idea to let a shopping addict pay by credit cards

D. shopping addiction can spread among different people

I ______the paper before my lawyer explained the details to me.

A. signed B. had signed

C. signs D. has signed

It was a weeknight. We were a half dozen guys in our late teens, hanging around “the flat” — as usual. The flat was poorly furnished, which, after some time, grew tiresome. We wanted action.

We got in a car, big enough for all of us to crowd into — and off we went, in search of adventure. We soon found ourselves at Blue Gum Corner, a place named after the huge old blue gum tree that stood by there, a well-known local landmark. It stands at a minor crossroad leading to our town. The trunk is tall and smooth with no handholds for climbing. About six metres from the ground the first branch sticks out over the road. We parked beneath the huge old tree and discussed what we might do. All of a sudden we hit upon an idea — a hanging! I was chosen as “hangee”.

The plan was quite simple. As I stood upon the roof of the car, the rope(绳子) was threaded down my jacket through my collar and down one leg of my jeans. I put my foot through the loop at the bottom. There I hung, still. The boys rolled about laughing until, a car, I hear a car! Before they ran to hide in the nearby field, they gave me a good push so that “the body” would swing as the car drove by.

To our disappointment, the car simply turned off for town without even slowing. The boys came out of their hiding places and we discussed the situation. Surely they had seen me, hadn’t they? Then we heard another car. The act was repeated, but still without any obvious reaction. We played the game about five or six times, but as no one seemed to notice, we abandoned the trick.

What we did not know was that every car that had passed had unquestionably seen “the body” and each one, too scared to stop, had driven directly to the local Police Station. Now at that time of the night, the local policeman was sound asleep in his bed, so the first person sent to the scene was the traffic officer that happened to be on duty that particular night. He had been informed that some person had been killed, by hanging, at Blue Gum Corner. When he arrived, the body was gone! And he was hearing “unnatural sounds” from the surrounding area. As far as he knew, some fierce animal was hiding in the field before him, possibly dragging a body behind him — and we thought we were scared!

He went to his radio and made a call that really began to worry us. I lay so close that I could hear every word. He called for the “armed police” and a “dog team, better make it two” and he had a “serious situation” at Blue Gum Corner. Then the police officer arrived. After a briefing from the traffic officer he decided not to go into the field until armed police and dog teams arrived. Now two spotlights were on the field and none of us could move.

As luck would have it, police cars cannot leave their spotlights on all night without charging their batteries. So, after a time, the two officers began lightening the field by turns, allowing us the opportunity to move on our fours for freedom. One by one, we all managed to steal away and make our way home. Behind us we left what must have looked like a small city of lights, police cars, roadblocks, barking dogs, armed officers and an old rope hanging from a tree.

When I think back to that night, to that tree, to what the drivers of the cars think happened, to what police believe happened, and to what I know happened, I am reminded of a simple truth — our eyes see darkness and light, color and movement, our ears hear only vibrations(振动) in the air. It is how we explain these vivid pictures that shapes our “reality”.

1.The boys made the “hanging” plan in order to ______.

A. make a fool of the police B. draw public attention

C. seek fun and excitement D. practise acting skills

2.Seeing that no car passing by stopped, the boys must have felt ______.

A. discouraged B. proud C. annoyed D. confident

3.Why was the traffic officer sent to the scene of “hanging”?

A. Because a fierce animal kept the traffic in disorder.

B. Because the local policeman was not available at that time.

C. Because some naughty kids ware playing a terrifying game.

D. Because many scared drivers turned directly to him for help.

4.The boys managed to escape from the field when ______.

A. the two police cars were being charged

B. the police officer was taking over the duty

C. the traffic officer was making a call for help

D. the two spotlights were not working together

5.What is conveyed in the passage?

A. Actions speak louder than words.

B. The truth lies beneath the surface.

C. Experience is the best teacher.

D. To see is to believe.

6.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Blue Gum Tree

B. A Body Found Hanging

C. Escape to Freedom

D. A Disappointing Experience

Love means you care about the ______ of a person, that is, you hope he or she can lead a happy life.

A. authority B. belief C. preference D. welfare

— Do you have a minute, Lucy?

— Sure. ______

A. What’s up? B. Take your time.

C. Here it is. D. How come

We have many cases where hard work as well as good communication skills have ___________ one’s chances of success in the past years.

A．condemned B．multiplied

C．estimated D．highlighted

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