The Roman Empire for several centuries． A．exists B．existed C．was existed D．is existing 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

Tourism probably started in Roman times.Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire.But when the empire broke down,this kind of tourism stopped.

　　In the early 17th century,the idea of the“Grand Tour”was born.Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel（英吉利海峡）.They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time,including Paris in France,and Rome and Venice（威尼斯）in Italy.Their tours lasted for two to four years,and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city.The“Grand Tour”was an important part of young people’s education—but only for the rich.

　　In the 18th century,tourism began to change.For example,people in the UK started to visit some towns,such as Bath to“take the waters”.They believed that the water there was good for their health.So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

　　In the 19th century,travel became much more popular and faster.When the first railways were built in the 1820s,it was easier for people to travel between towns,so they started to go for holidays by the sea.And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger,noisier and dirtier.

　　Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built.People began to travel more to far away countries.

　　The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people.Planes were made larger,so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

　　Thus tourism grew.In 1949,Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays.The company organizes everything—plane tickets,hotel rooms,even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home.The package tour and modern tourist industry was born.

　　The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But tourism did not take off until 1978.In 2002,the industry was worth 500 billion yuan and became an important part of China’s social development.

In the early times,the travelers ________.

A.all came from Roman

B.were very young and strong

C.had lots of money

D.traveled by boat

________ played the most important role in the tourism development.

A.Education B.Money C.Transportation D.People’s ideas

Modern tourism was born ________.

A.in 1949 B.in Roman times

C.in the early 17th century 　　D.in the 19th century

The underlined phrase“take off”means ________.

A.a plane rising into the air

B.develop very fast

C.remove hats and clothes

D.bring down the prices

Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

A. Illegal hunting has caused a decrease in the number of sea turtles.

B. Most turtles are eaten by Mexicans and Mexican Americans.

C. A campaign to protect sea turtles.

D. Many people kill and eat turtles in a religious observance.

E. Government should prevent sea turtle being hunted to increase the number of the species.

F. A letter was written to Pope to save endangered sea turtles.

1. ___________

Environmental groups in the United States are leading a campaign to save thousands of endangered sea turtles. They have asked Pope John Paul the Second to ban turtle meat during the Christian religious observance known as Lent. Christians observe Lent in preparation for the holiday of Easter.

2. ___________

Environmental groups say illegal turtle hunting is one of the major threats to endangered sea turtles in southern California and Mexico. It has been illegal to harvest and eat sea turtle meat in Mexico for more than ten years. However, demand for sea turtle meat is widespread in both Southern California and Mexico. Biologists believe that illegal hunting is one of the main reasons for the sharp drop in sea turtle populations during the past thirty years.

3. ___________

The week before Easter Sunday is an especially deadly time for the turtles. As many as 5,000 turtles are killed during this time each year. Many Mexicans and Mexican Americans eat turtle meat during the days before Easter. Many people do not eat meat during this holy time in order to obey the rules of Lent. Because sea turtles swim, many people consider them to be fish. Fish is permitted during Lent.

4. ___________

The Sea Turtle Conservation Network is a union of fishermen, environmental activists and researchers. They sent a letter to Pope John Paul, urging the Roman Catholic Church leader to officially declare that sea turtle flesh is meat, not fish or seafood. They say thousands of these endangered animals would be saved if people did not eat them during this religious period. The letter also asked members of the Catholic Church to obey laws banning the capture of turtles in Mexico and the United States.

5.___________

About 35,000 endangered sea turtles are killed illegally near the coasts of Baja, California each year. Studies have shown a sharp drop in the numbers of females. They travel from as far away as Japan to lay their eggs on local beaches. Environmental activists say hunting sea turtles for their meat is the main barrier to the recovery of the species. They have urged the governments of the United States and Mexico to improve enforcement of the ban on sea turtle harvesting.

Valentine’s Day is a popular festival of love and romance. There are legends associated with the festival along with the belief that birds began to mate from this day. Historians trace (追踪)its to an ancient Roman festival. It is said that in ancient Rome, people a holiday on February 14th to honor Juno—the Queen of Roman Gods and Goddesses. On the following day, February 15th，the festival of Lupercalia was celebrated to honor the Roman God of Agriculture.

An interesting was followed on the festival of Lupercalia to bring together young boys and girls who otherwise were strictly . On the eve of the festival, names of young Roman girls were written on a slip of paper and placed into jars. Each young man a girl's name from the jar and was paired with the girl during the festival. Sometimes the lasted for a year until next year's celebration. Quite often，the couple would fall in love with each other and marry. The custom lasted for a long time until people felt that it was un-Christian and that mates should be chosen by sight, not .

The pairing of young boys and girls set the mood of the Valentine's Day Festival as we know today. But it was due to the efforts and daring of a priest St Valentine that the festival got its and clearer meaning. The story goes that Emperor Claudius II of Rome found it to get soldiers and felt the reason why men did not join the was that they did not wish to leave their wives and families. As a result, Claudius cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome. St Valentine challenged Claudius's order and secretly married couples. When his disobedience was ，Valentine was put to death on February 14, around 270 AD. After his death Valentine was named a saint.

1.A. acceptable B. familiar C. various D. unrelated

2.A. possibility B. development C. event D. origin

3.A. studied B. observed C. handled D. discussed

4.A. movement B. celebration C. competition D. custom

5.A. respected B. educated C. separated D. organized

6.A. spoke out B. brought out C. pulled out D. drew out

7.A. pairing B. dating C. playing D. celebrating

8.A. fortunately B. occasionally C. finally D. surprisingly

9.A. order B. risk C. name D. luck

10.A. usually B. actually C. really D. factually

11.A. history B. story C. fame D. name

12.A. strange B. slow C. awful D. tough

13.A. war B. party C. army D. game

14.A. unfinished B. unjustified C. unrecognized D. unconcerned

15.A. discovered B. attacked C. memorized D. promised

Tourism probably started in Roman times. Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire. But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped.

　　In the early 17th century, the idea of the“Grand Tour”was born. Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel. They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice in Italy. Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city. The“Grand Tour”was an important part of young people’s education—but only for the rich.

　　In the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to“take the waters”.They believed that the water there was good for their health. So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

　　In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster. When the first railways were built in the 1820s,it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea. And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

　　Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built. People began to travel more to far away countries.

　　The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people. Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

　　Thus tourism grew. In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays. The company organizes everything—plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home. The package tour and modern tourist industry was born.

　　The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But tourism did not take off until 1978.In 2002,the industry was worth 500 billion Yuan and became an important part of China’s social development.

1.In the early times, the travelers ________.

A．all came from Roman B．were very young and strong

C．had lots of money D．traveled by boat

2.________ played the most important role in the tourism development.

A．Education B．Money C．Transportation D．People’s ideas

3.Modern tourism was born ________.

A．in 1949 B．in Roman times

C．in the early 17th century D．in the 19th century

4.The underlined phrase“take off”means ________.

A．a plane rising into the air B．develop very fast

C．remove hats and clothes D．bring down the prices

第一部分完形填空（共两节, 20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

完形填空（1）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。

If you wear socks on your ears, you won’t be punished. Crossing a street against a red light is another matter — it’s against the law. Laws are __1___________ rules made by governments. They keep peace and create order. __2___________ people break laws, their governments punish them. Long ago, people lived only in small tribal groups. They lived together, followed the same __3_____________, and worshipped the same gods. There were no formal laws. __4_____________, people were guided by their customs, morals, and religion.

Over time, cities began to form. Laws became more formal and were written down in legal codes. In about 1750 BC, the king of Babylon __5_____________ one of the first legal codes, the Code of Hammurabi. It listed certain crimes and told how they should be punished. The ancient Romans helped shape our modern view of law. In the 600s BC, citizens of Rome wrote down all of their basic laws on twelve bronze tablets. The Romans declared that no citizen, __6_____________ the ruler, was above the law. Modern law codes are rooted in the Roman system. Such law codes are statutory, meaning they are created and changed by legislatures, not by courts.

Another system of law __7_____________ later in England. Before the 12th century AD., each part of England had its own rules and customs. From the 12th century onward, England became a single nation. The courts of the land made sure people __8_____________ a common set of customs — the English common law.

Unlike the Roman system of law, the common law was never written down in one place. Instead, the courts made decisions about the law __9__________ earlier court decisions. Those decisions are called examples. Each case must be decided in the same way as earlier cases. But if a case has some new aspects, the decision made will set a new example. That way, courts gradually change the law __10____________ society changes.

1. A. police B. political C. official D. officer

2. A. Unless B. Until C. Though D. When

3. A. laws B. traditions C. action D. principles

4. A. Instead B. Including C. Besides D. Moreover

5. A. imagined B. assumed C. created D. supposed

6. A. except for B. not even C. in addition to D. besides

7. A. took effect B. made up C. got over D. picked up

8. A. formed B. provided C. presented D. followed

9. A. set about B. based on C. came to D. taken over

10. A. before B. after C. despite D. as

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