题目内容

. --- It’s the office! So you ______ know smoking is not allowed here.

   --- Oh, sorry.

A. must          B. will           C. may           D. need

A

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There is one difference between the sexes on which every expert and study agrees: men are more aggressive than women. It shows up in 2-year-olds. It continues through school days and persists into adulthood. It is even constant across cultures. And there is little doubt that it is rooted in biology.

      If there's a woman’s trait(特点) which is the same as men’s aggressiveness, it's what social scientists refer to as the result of "education". Feminists have argued that the caring nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been forced into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home. But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore. Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers(学步者) learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues（非言语暗示） from others. And grown women are far more skilful than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ruben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. The only such emotion men could pick up was disgust.

　 What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less competitive--or at least competitive in different ways--than men. At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with qualities just as outstanding as those of their male peers. But they don' t qualify for the well-known Law Review in proper numbers, a fact some school officials owe to women' s discomfort in the incredibly competitive atmosphere.

　　Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate men. But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues more often.  Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences. Men will typically dominate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening.

The passage mainly discusses__________.

　           A. how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations

　　      B. how hormone determines sex differences

　　      C. why there are differences between males and females

　　      D. why men and women have different social roles

Which of the following is true of women's nurturing nature according to the passage?

A. It is not inborn in any sense.

B. It is inspired by women’s families.

C. It is caused by social prejudice.

D. It is partly biological in origin.

The Harvard Law School example in paragraph 3 suggests that_________.

A. women are not as competitive as men

B. law is not the fight profession for women

C. women are as excellent as men when they are young

D. academic qualities are not equal to performance

Which of the following statement is true according to paragraph 4?

A. Men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often.

B. Female leaders' success is due to their imitating male leaders.

C. Men and women are different in their leadership style.

D. Decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician.

It can be inferred from the passage that the writer_________.

A. denies the difference sexes make in real life

B. is prejudiced against men

C. discourages women to be competitive

D. treats sex difference objectively

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

[1] Many people spend a lot of time making money because they believe the money itself will make them happy, or will guard them against things that will make them unhappy．They make great efforts to achieve that perfect relationship, the perfect house, the beautiful body, the approval of others, all in an attempt to be happy.

[2] Sometimes these things make people happy; other times, people stress over not having reached the goals, or reach them and find they’re still unhappy．Other times, people focus on just one goal and don’t have time for other things that will make them truly happy.

[3] Some experts studying human happiness and the factors that contribute to it have identified several key areas of life that seem to be more related to personal happiness．Some of them are the things like money, friends, health and living conditions; others are things you may not think of in your daily life, such as your neighborhood and sense of meaning in life.

[4] So while setting your goals, remember all of the areas of life that are important to you and find a balanced lifestyle including social support, personal development, physical health and meaningful pursuits(追求) besides career success and financial security．_____________, your attitude about life and the things that happen to you each day can also have a great effect on your level of happiness and life satisfaction．In addition to being optimistic, happy people tend to believe they are the masters of their fate, rather than the victims of circumstance．

[5] Explore the state of your life, assess how truly happy you are, and find a direction to work toward that will likely bring more happiness．Reach your goals, set new ones and live a life that truly makes you happy.

What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? (Please answer within 15 words.)

Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?

It’s impossible for those that stick to one thing only to experience happiness from other things.

Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words．(Please answer within 5 words.)

Do you think money could bring true happiness? Why? (Please answer within 30 words.)

Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese.

Do dogs understand us?

Be careful what you say around your dog. It might understand more than you think.

A border collie named Rico recognizes the names of about 200 objects, say researchers in Germany. The dog also appears to be able to learn new words as easily as a 3-year-old child. Its word-learning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(黑猩猩).

In one experiment, the researchers took all 200 items that Rico is supposed to know and divided them into 20 groups of 10 objects. Then the owner told the dog to go and fetch one of the items and bring it back. In four tests, Rico got 37 out of 40 commands right. As the dog couldn't see anyone to get clues, the scientists believe Rico must understand the meanings of certain words.

In another experiment, the scientists took one toy that Rico had never seen before and put it in a room with seven toys whose names the dog already knew. The owner then told Rico to fetch the object, using a word the dog had never heard before.

The correct object was chosen in seven out of l0 tests, suggesting that the dog had worked out the answer by process of elimination(排除法). A month later, Rico remembered half of the new names, which is even more impressive.          

Rico is thought to be smarter than the average dog. For one thing, Rico is a border collie, a breed (品种)known for its mental abilities. In addition, the 9-year-old dog has been trained to fetch toys by their names since the age of nine months.

It's hard to know if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say. Even if they do, they can't talk back. Still, it wouldn't hurt to sweet-talk your dog every now and then. You might just get a big, wet kiss in return!

From paragraph 3 we know that _________.

    A. animals are as clever as human beings

    B. dogs are smarter than parrots and chimpanzees

    C. chimpanzees have very good word-learning skills

    D. dogs have the same speaking abilities as 3-year-old children

Both experiments show that____________   

    A. Rico is smart enough to get all commands right

    B. Rico can recognize different things including toys

    C. Rico has developed the ability of learning mathematics

    D. Rico won't forget the names of objects once recognizing them

Which of the following statements is true?

    A. The purpose of the experiments is to show the border collie's physical abilities.

    B. Rico has a better memory partly because of its proper early training.

    C. The Border collie is world-famous for fetching objects.

    D. Rico is born to understand all its owner's commands.

What does the writer want to tell us?

    A. To train your dog.                        B. To talk to your dog.

 C. To be friendly to your dog.                D. To be careful with your dog.         

When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn’t understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying.

.   So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so, too, does crying.

Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional (情感的) health, and the study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.

Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendlier and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don't even know we're very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.

Just as crying can be healthy, not crying — holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering — can be bad for physical health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural — and healthy— emotional response.

Why didn't the author cry when her grandmother died?

A. Because her father did not want her to feel too sad.

B. Because she did not love her grandmother.

C. Because she was too shy to cry at that time.

D. The author doesn’t give the explanation.

It can be inferred from the text that ______.

A. there are only two ways to keep healthy

B. crying does more good to health than laughing

C. crying and laughing play the same roles

D. emotional health has a close relationship to physical health

According to the author, which of the following statements is true?

A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.

B. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.

C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.

D. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.

What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A. Why We Cry              B. How to Keep Healthy

C. Power of Tears            D. A New Scientific Discovery

—Jenny, I’d like some coffee for a change.

— ______________. It’s in the cupboard.

   A. Help yourself     B. Never mind     C. With pleasure    D. Change it, please

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