题目内容

Your name made you do it, though unconsciously, suggests new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less. Psychologists at Yale and the University of California, San Diego studying the unconscious influence of names say a preference for our own names and initials — the “name-letter effect” — can have some negative consequences.

Students whose names begin with C or D get lower grades than those whose names begin with A or B; major league baseball players whose first or last names began with K (the strikeout-signifying letter) are significantly more likely to strike out.

Assistant professors Leif Nelson of UCSD and Joseph Simmons of Yale have conducted five studies over five years using information from thousands of individuals.

“The conscious process is baseball players want to get a hit and students want to get A's,” Nelson says. “So if you get a change in performance consistent with the name-letter effect, it clearly shows there must be some unconscious desire operating in the other direction.”

The researchers' work supports a series of studies published since 2002 that have found the “name-letter effect” causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble their own. Those studies by Brett Pelham, an associate professor at SUNY University, have found that people are disproportionately(不定比例地)likely to live in states or cities resembling their names, have careers that resemble their names and even marry those whose surnames begin with the same letter as their own.

The twist, Pelham says, is that he has believed the name-letter effect would apply only to positive outcomes. Nelson and Simmons, he says, are “showing it applies more so to negative things than positive things.”

The researchers say the effect is definitely more than coincidence but is small nevertheless. “I know plenty of Chrises and Davids who have done very well in school,” Simmons says.

1.The new research is mainly about the relationship between one’s ______.

A.name and unconsciousness

B.name and characteristics

C.name and success

D.sports and school achievements

2.Who may serve as an example to show the “name-letter effect”?

A.Miss Smith working as a lawyer.

B.Charles Brown married to Sue Rogers.

C.Mr. Watt living in Washington

D.Paula Snow fond of the color white.

3.Which can be used to explain the underlined word “twist” in the last but one paragraph?

A.Difference.

B.Conclusion.

C.Funny side.

D.Shared part.

4.The last paragraph mainly tells us that the “name-letter effect” ______.                

A.isn’t believed in by many people

B.doesn’t work with certain names

C.may not really exist

D.is often too small to show

 

【答案】

1.C

2.C

3.A

4.D

【解析】

试题分析:这篇文章介绍了名字的消极的作用,具体的说就是名字的字母会影响一个人的成功,也会影响人们的职业或居住点等。

1.主旨题:从文章第一段的第一句话:Your name made you do it, though unconsciously, suggests new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less. 可知名字和是否成功是有关系的。选C

2.推理题:从第五段的句子:have found that people are disproportionately(不定比例地)likely to live in states or cities resembling their names,可知人们选择居住点也是和名字相似的,所以选C

3.猜词题;从倒数第二段的句子:看出这两种观点是不同的,有的认为名字有积极的影响,有的认为名字的消极影响大于积极影响。选A

4.从最后一段的句子;The researchers say the effect is definitely more than coincidence but is small nevertheless. 可知名字的作用是很小的。选D

考点:考查新闻报导类短文

点评:这篇文章以推理题的考查为主,解此类题需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。?

 

练习册系列答案
相关题目

George, when your big brother and your little dog and I walked you up to schools today, you

had no idea how I was feeling.

You were so excited. You had packed and unpacked your pencils and safety scissors in your backpack a dozen times. I am really going to miss those lazy mornings when we waved your brother and sister off to school.

Because you are my youngest, I had learned a few things by the time you came along. I found out that the seemingly endless days of babyhood are gone like lightning. I blinked(眨眼), and your older siblings were setting off for school as eagerly as you did this morning, I was one of the lucky ones; I could choose whether to work or not. By the time it was your turn, the shining prizes of career advancement and a double income had lost their brightness. A splash(溅水) in the pool with you in your bright red boots or "just one more" rereading of your favorite book, Frog and Toad Are Friends, meant more. You didn't go to preschool and I hope that doesn't hold you back. You learned numbers by helping me count the soda cans we returned to the store.

I have to admit that in my mind's eye, an image of myself while you're in school has developed, I see myself updating all the photo albums and starting that novel I always wanted to write. As the summer wound down and more frequent quarrels erupted between you and your siblings, I was looking forward to today. And then this morning, I walked you up the steep hill to your classroom. You found the coat hook with your name above it right away, and you gave me one of your characteristically fierce, too-tight hugs. This time you were ready to let go before I was.

Maybe someday you will deliver a kindergartner to the first day of school. When you turn at the door to wave good-bye, he or she will be too deep in conversation with a new friend to notice. Even as you smile, you'll feel something warm on your cheek.

And then, you’ll know…

64.What does the author mean by the underlined sentence?

A.She gave up the job with a big salary and prizes.

B.She could only recall her good job at home now.

C.Many good jobs with better pay attracted her but she didn’t take them.

D.Compared with bringing up the baby, work seemed to fade to her.

65.Which statement is NOT TRUE about George’s family according to the letter?

A.George’s parents gave birth to three children

B.The Georges is a double income family.

C.The children had more arguments during the summer.

D.They recyled soda cans.

66.The passage tries to show us         .

A.how excited a child will be on his first day to school

B.how deeply a mother loves her child

C.how many efforts a mother has made to raise a child

D.how a mother plans her future life after her children go to school

 

.

Tell the truth or just lie?

You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need; let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?

More and more people are turning to final trick like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well known colleges say they deal with deceitful like these at the rate of about one per week.

Personnel officers do check up degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them “impostors(骗子)”;Another refers to them as “special cases” one well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by ”no such people.”

To avoid total lies, some job-seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with” a college or university. After carefully checking, a personal officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claim says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century-that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow.

If you don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony(假的) diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University.” The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue.” As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.

72.The main idea of this passage is that______.

A. employers are checking more closely on applicants now

B. lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem

C. college degrees can now be purchased easily

D. employers are no longer interested in college degrees

73.According to the passage, “special cases” refers to cases where______.

A. students attend a school only part-time

B. students never attended a school they listed on their application

C. students buy false degrees from commercial firms

D. students attended a famous school

74.We can infer from the passage that______.

A. performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree

B. experience is the best teacher

C. past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do

D. a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition

75.This passage implies that______.

A. buying a false degree is not normal

B. personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools

C. most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school

D. society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications

 

I’m fat. I’m too skinny. I’d be happy if I were taller, shorter, had curly hair, straight hair, a smaller nose, bigger muscles, longer legs. Do any of these statements sound familiar? Do you often put yourself down? If so, you’re not alone. As a teen, you’re going through a ton of changes in your body. And as your body changes, so does your image (形象) of yourself. Lots of people have trouble getting used to it and this can affect their confidence.

Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.

The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it comes in. If you’re very worried about your weight or size, go to your doctor to check that things are OK. But it’s no one’s business but your own what your body is like—finally, you have to be happy with yourself.

Next, find which aspects (方面) of your appearance you can change and which you can’t change and need to accept—like their height, for example, or their shoe size.

If there are things about yourself that you want to change and can do this by making goals for yourself. For example, if you want to get fit, make a pan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.

When you hear negative comments coming from within yourself, tell yourself to stop. Try building your confidence by listing three things in your day that really gave you pleasure. It can be anything like the way the sun felt on your face, the sound of your favorite band, or the way someone laughed at your jokes.

1.From the first paragraph, we can infer that           .

A. many teens can’t accept their body change easily

B. most teens like to have a special body image

C. teens prefer to change their body image quickly

D. teens usually change their opinions on their body image

2.Which of the following does the author probably agree with?

A. Change the way other people look at you.

B. Go to your doctor for advice on how to change your body.

C. Realize you can’t change everything about yourself.

D.源Learn from some celebrities on how to change your body.

3.The underlined phrase “put yourself down” in the first paragraph probably means          .

A. make yourself fall down          B. say negative things about yourself

C. force yourself to do something       D. write down your name somewhere

4.The passage is mainly about           .

A. how to adjust to the changes of your body       

B. how to build confidence by changing your body

C. how to keep an attractive body image

D. how to find pleasure in your day

 

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网