(二)AHow Do Animals Catch Their ZZZ’s? Different creatures have developed some pretty creative ways to get their rest and stay safe. The lizardlikes to sleep at the far end of small branches hanging 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

D
Men usually want to have their own way. They want to think and act as they like. No one, however, can have his own way all the time. A man cannot live in society without considering the interests(利益) of others as well as his own interests. “Society” means a group of people with the same laws and the same way of life. People in society may make their own decisions, but these decisions ought not to be unjust(不公平) or harmful to others. One man’s decisions may so easily harm another person. For example, a motorist may be in a hurry to get to a friend’s house. He sets out, driving at full speed like a competitor in a motor race. There are other vehicles and also pedestrians (行人) on the road. Suddenly there is a crash. There are screams and confusion. One careless motorist has struck another car. The collision(碰撞) has injured two of the passengers and killed the third. Too many road accidents happen through the thoughtlessness of selfish drivers.
We have governments, the police and the law courts to prevent or to punish such criminal acts. But in addition, all men ought to observe certain rules of conduct. Every man ought to behave with consideration for other men. He ought not to steal, cheat, or destroy the property(财产) of others. There is no place of this sort of behavior in a civilized society.
1. A man cannot have his own way all the time because________.
A. he may have no interest in other people
B. he has to share the same interest with the people in the same society
C. his decisions are always unjust         D. his decisions always harm other people
2. According to the passage, people in a civilized society should usually______.
A. be honest to each other                   B. be cautions in doing everything
C. behave in a responsible way            D. punish criminal acts
3. The purpose of this passage is to_________.
A. tell people how to behave in society
B. illustrate the importance of laws
C. teach people how to prevent criminal acts
D. persuade people not to make their own decisions
4. It is implied that there will be fewer road accidents if_______.
A. the drivers are more considerate(体贴的) of other people
B. there are fewer cars or walkers in the street
C. the motorists are not always in a hurry
D. the passengers are calm but not confused before the accidents
5. We can draw a conclusion that_______.
A. the government should contribute more efforts
B. the criminals should be more severely punished
C. man should be more strict with himself
D. man should have more and more similar interests

第四节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was on my lunch break in the city，enjoying a salad at an outdoor café, when a shabby homeless lady came walking towards me．She was yelling and    26    everyone who walked past her for spare 27 and she looked like a mess．My 28 reaction was fear．．．to close off and hope she didn’t come near me，but she did．1 was on the phone and when she    29 yelling，I said，“I’m on the phone，”in the nicest way I could，assuring myself what she needed was a lesson in   30 . She walked away ,mumbling (自言自语)，”I’m 31 you . I’m sorry, I’m sorry. I’ll leave”. And she turned the corner.
32  , I would feel relieved or satisfied, but something in me couldn’t 33   . Without another thought, I looked in my   34   for the spare change I had, Even I started searching through my entire purse, the pockets, everything for all of the change I could   35 find to give.
I got up and walked towards this lady and gave her all I 36 ．She held my hand and said，“Thank you!” Her hand was 37 and dirty，but I didn’t mind 38 her hand．1 wanted to be there for her for some reason，when normally I would   39   the other way．She looked at me and said，“Will you touch my face?’’And for some reason，I did．I put my hand on her cheek and she started to    40   . I could 41   it was as if she had not been touched by a loving, soft hand in ages,   42 . And so I held it there, trying to 43   her with my heart open. It was powerful.
She thanked me and walked away quietly. And I walked away with an open heart, trying to   44 sense of what had just happened. It changed something in me and has made me want to be a   45   person to the people I meet during my day.
26. A. greeting            B. praising       C. applying       D. begging
27. A. change          B. room          C. clothes        D. food
28.   A. usual              B. instant        C. 1ast           D. general
29.   A. came across        B. came out      C. came over     D. came through
30.   A. attitude            B. trouble        C. practice       D. manners
31.   A. calling            B. hurting       C. annoying      D. abusing
32.   A. Fortunately         B. Normally            C. Luckily       D. Unfortunately
33. A. rest             B. appear        C. enjoy          D. exist
34.   A. car              B. table         C. wallet         D. seat
35. A. necessarily         B. possibly       C. deliberately    D. certainly
36. A. earned             B. searched      C. found         D. mad
37.   A. soft              B. rough         C. 1arge         D. neat
38.   A. washing            B. waving        C. wiping        D. holding
39.   A. lead              B. set            C. turn          D. show
40. A. cry                B. 1augh          C. yell           D. shout
41.   A. expect             B. sense          C. know         D. 1earn
42. A . if necessary       B. if any         C. if so          D. if ever
43.   A. persuade           B. comfort       C. entertain      D. amuse
44. A. take               B. get           C. catch          D. make
45. A. kinder             B. richer         C. wiser         D. happier

Ⅲ阅读 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I took the bus to work for many years. No one knew each other; the passengers all sat there sleepily in the morning. The bus was cheerless and silent.
One of the passengers was a small grey man who took the bus to the center for senior citizens every morning. No one ever paid very much attention to him. One July morning he said good morning to the driver and smiled. The driver nodded guardedly. The rest of us were silent.
The next day, the old man boarded with a big smile and said in a loud voice: "A very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, amazed, and murmured “good morning” in reply.
The following weeks, our friend was dressed in a nice old suit and tie. The thin hair had been carefully combed. He said good morning to us every day and we gradually began to nod and talk to each other.
One morning he even had a bunch of wild flowers in his hand. The driver turned around smilingly and asked: “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, Charlie?” We never got to know if his name really was “Charlie”, but he nodded shyly and said yes. The other passengers whistled and clapped at him. Charlie waved the flowers before he sat down on his seat.
Every morning after that Charlie always brought flowers. Some passengers also brought flowers for him. The bus became a happy place.
Then, one morning, as autumn was closing in, Charlie wasn’t waiting at his usual stop. When he wasn’t there the next day and the day after that, we started wondering if he was sick or hopefully-on holiday somewhere. When we came nearer to the center for senior citizens, one of the passengers even asked the driver to wait.
We all held our breaths when he went to the door. The old gentleman was fine, but one of his close friends had died over the weekend. How silent we were the rest of the way to work.
The next Monday Charlie was waiting at the stop, and without a tie. Inside the bus was silent.
1. The story is mainly developed by ___________.
A. time B. logic C. comparison D. cause and result
2. Greeted with “good morning” from the old man, people aboard the bus at first ___________.
A. felt tired and sleepy and didn’t want to talk
B. greeted him back loudly and politely
C. guarded against the conversation from strangers
D. felt surprised and became angry with him
3. When the passengers found the old man was not waiting at the bus stop as usual, they did NOT ___________.
A. buy flowers and wait for him to come
B. feel anxious and worried about him
C. miss him and expect to see him
D. hope he was going on holiday rather than falling ill
4. It can be inferred from the text that ___________.
A. the driver didn’t like the old man at first
B. people usually wear a tie when they are happy
C. passengers brought flowers to express gratitude to the old man
D. the old man had a great influence on the passengers’ emotion
5. The purpose of the passage is to ___________.
A. introduce the old gentleman and praise his good deeds
B. persuade us to become friendly and considerate to people around
C. tell us to keep silent when somebody passes away
D. criticize those who remain silent when they are greeted

A new study shows that fat people in the United States suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size . The findings are from an 8-year study of about 100,000 people . The people studied were between the ages of 16 and 25 when the research began .
The researchers who carried out the study say they consider the people fat if they are in the top of 5% of the measurement in which weight is connected with height . For example , fat women in the study were about 160 centimeters tall and weighed about 90 kilograms . Fat men in the study were about 175 centimeters tall and weighed 100 kilograms . The researchers say that more than 1,000,000 Americans are that big . The researchers found that fat young women were more likely to lose social and economic power even if they were from wealthy families . The fat women also were 20% less likely to get married and they earned an average of about $6,700 a year less than other women . The study showed less severe effect on fat men . They earned an average of about $3,000 a year less than other men . Fat men also were 11% less likely to get married .
64. From this passage we know fat people in America were
A. admired            B. respected           C. unhealthy          D. unpopular
65. Which of the following was not mentioned in this passage ?
A. The reason why fat people suffered .
B. The cause that caused people to be fat .
C. The standard of fat people .
D. The number of fat people .
66. The underlined word “severe” means         .
A. economic          B. social         C. serious              D. favorable
67. Fat people were inferior to（比……差）other people in      .
A. brain , human rights and payment
B. income , marriage and political rights
C. brain , education and marriage
D. marriage , getting jobs and income

Motorists used to listening to the radio or their favorite tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.
The Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute has built a number of “melody roads”, which use cars as tuning forks to play music as they travel.
The concept works by using grooves(凹槽). They are cut at very specific intervals(间隔) in the road surface. The melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes(音符).
Depending on how far apart the grooves are, a car moving over them will produce a series of high or low notes, and designers are able to create a distinct tune.
Patent documents for the design describe it as notches “formed in a road surface so as to play a melody without producing simple sound or rhythm and reproduce melody-like tones”.
There are three musical roads in central and northern Japan---one of which plays the tune of a Japanese pop song. Reports say the system was invented by Shizuo Shinoda. He scraped some markings into a road with a bulldozer(推土机) before driving over them and found that they helped to produce all kinds of tones.
The optimal speed for melody road is 44 kph, but people say it is not always easy to get the intended sound.
“You need to keep the car windows closed to hear well,” wrote one Japanese blogger. “Driving too fast will sound like playing fast forward, while driving around 12 mph (20 kph) has a slow-motion effect, making you almost car-sick.”
59. According to the passage, to create different notes, melody roads use ______.
A. cars    B. grooves    C. spaces between internals    D. bulldozers
60. We can learn from the passage that the highness of notes is dependent on ______.
A. how far the grooves are                B. how big the grooves are
C. the number of the grooves              D. the speed of the car
61. The underlined word “optimal” in the passage might mean ______.
A. fastest      B. possible      C. best     D. suitable
62. In order to hear the music well, you have to ______.
A. drive very fast                       B. drive slowly
C. open the window wide                D. keep the window closed

An Experiment
Materials: Newspaper, ‘ACE’ hardware ruler (1/8 “think”), a flat table.
Purposes: We’ll show that there is air pressure pushing on us, from every direction while we’re on this Earth.

Procedure:

First put a thin ruler on a flat table with a little
less than half of it hanging off the edge of the table
(see the drawing below). Next place a sheet of newspaper
over the ruler flat against the table. Make sure to have
as little air as possible under the paper so that the fold line of the newspaper is at the ruler. Then quickly strike the end of the ruler hanging off the edge of the table. If you strike it quick enough, the ruler will break near the table edge.
What’s going on?
The Earth is covered in a layer of air that is nearly 80 miles thick and at sea level (the bottom) exerts or ‘pushes’ hard almost 15 pounds of pressure per square inch. That means that a full sheet of newspaper laid out flat has nearly 9,300 pounds of air above it.
When you break the ruler above, you are able to break it because of the 'heavy' air pushing down on the paper while you quickly strike the ruler. At first the table is pushing back on the paper, and if you move the ruler quick enough, other air around the edges of the paper can't get under the paper fast enough, so you are trying to lift that 9,300 pounds with the ruler! Some air gets under the paper, but not enough, so the ruler breaks.
1．By doing the experiment, we may realize         .
A．that air exits everywhere
B．why there are directions
C．that we live with air pressure
D．how air helps on the earth
2．How many steps are there in this experiment?          .
A．2      B．3       C．4       D．5
3．The underlined word “exert” probably means       .
A．cover completely            B．advocate actively
C．influence gradually D．press heavily
4．The ruler breaks under a quick strike mainly because of          .
A．the air pressure on the newspaper   B．the heavy weight of the newspaper
C．the heavy weight of the flat table    D．the strong power used on the ruler

This weekly four-day physical activity schedule will get your kids excited about being active.
Tuesday
When the kids get home from school, don’t let them go straight to the TV and get settled in. Encourage them to get moving and get off the couch(长椅) by giving them a pedometer(计步器). Pedometers are the most fun when parents also use one because that turns stepping, walking and running into a game to see who can get the most steps.
Thursday
The kids have done a great job so far this week, but now they are aching for （渴望） a little more TV time. Instead of turning on cartoons, let them watch fitness movies made just for kids. These movies encourage watchers to get up and dance along to kid-friendly music.
Saturday
Get the whole family out of the house together and over to a park. Bring lots of sports equipment, pack a healthy picnic and have a family competitive sports day. Kids and adults get into groups and play against each other in tennis, basketball or soccer. After everyone has played hard for a couple of hours, stop for a picnic and then if your family isn’t too tired, go back and play some more.
Sunday
Every child loves to play video games and there is no better time to allow kids to play them than on Sunday when no homework is due（应交的）.But don’t let them play a game that forces them to sit down for hours. Dance games with a floor mat(垫子) to help kids follow the dance moves are popular to kids.
56.What can be the best title for this text?
A.How to make children like activities.
B.A weekly four-day physical activity plan for kids.
C.Physical activities are important to kids.
D.A plan that will do much good to kids.
57.Parents are advised to use a pedometer together with their kids because _______.
A.they can give their kids some advice about walking
B.it can prevent them from watching TV too much
C.this will allow them and their kids to have a fun competition
D.their kids will not use it if they don’t
58.On Thursday when a kid wants to watch TV, his parents should ______.
A.let him watch it for a short time
B.watch cartoons with him
C.take him out for a walk instead
D.show fitness movies to him
59.The author advises a family to have a meal on Saturday ______.
A. in a park B. in a mountain C. in a restaurant D. at home

To get an extra 14 years of life, don’t smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount．That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal．
After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45-79 years in the United Kingdom from about 1993-2007, Kay-Tee, Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than those who didn’t．
“We’ve known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we’ve not seen this benefit before, ” said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain’s Medical Research Council．“The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from．”
Study participants(参与者) scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．
Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviours would surely gain 14 years．
“We can’t say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things,” said Doctor Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization．”The 14 years is an average across the population of what’s theoretically(理论上) possible．”
“Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking is not good for them”, Susan Jebb said, ”We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change．”
1．Which of the following doesn’t belong to the four healthy habits?
A．Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day．
B．Doing proper exercise in the morning every day．
C．Having a cigarette before going to bed every day．
D．Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day．
2．We can learn from the passage that_____．
A．the study observed people as well as tested specific changes
B．Susan Jebb did not take part in the study
C．there is no need for people under 45 adopt these good habits
D．only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviours
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits．
B．People aged 45-79 have bad habits in the United Kingdom．
C．All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits．
D．People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they’re good．
4．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 Years
B．Healthy Habits Could Gain You Extra 14 years
C．A New Way of Keeping Healthy
D．Smoking and Drinking Harms Your Health

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