Have you winterized your horse yet?Even though global warming may have made our climate more mild, many animals are still hibernating(冬眠)．It's too bad that humans can't hibernate．In fact, as a species, we almost did．
Apparently, at times in the past, peasants in France liked a semi-state of human hibernation．So writes Graham Robb, a British scholar who has studied the sleeping habits of the French peasants．As soon as the weather turned cold, people all over France shut themselves away and practiced the forgotten art of doing nothing at all for months on end．
In line with this, Jeff Warren, a producer at CBC Radio's The Current, tells something referred to as "first sleep", which was not clarified, though．Now scientists are telling us our ancestors most likely slept in separate periods．The business of eight hours' uninterrupted sleep is a modem invention．
In the past, without the artificial light of the city to bathe in, humans went to sleep when it became dark and then woke themselves around midnight．The late night period was known as "The Watch"．It was when people actually kept watch against wild animals, although many of them simply moved around or visited family and neighhours．
According to some sleep researchers, a short period of insomnia(失眠)at midnight is not a disorder．It is normal．Humans can experience another state of consciousness around their sleeping, which occurs in the brief period before we fall asleep or wake ourselves in the morning．This period can be an extraordinarily creative time for some people．The impressive inventor, Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas．
Playing with your sleep rhythms can be adventurous, as anxiety may set in．Medical science doesn't help much in this case．It offers us medicines for a full night's continuous sleep, which sounds natural; however, according to Warren's theory, it is really the opposite of what we need．
(1)
The example of the French peasants shows the fact that ________．
[ ]
A．
people might become lazy as a result of too much sleep
B．
there were signs of hibernation in human sleeping habits
C．
people tended to sleep more peacefully in cold weather
D．
winter was a season for people to sleep for months on end
(2)
The late night was called "The Watch" because it was a time for people ________．
[ ]
A．
to set traps to catch animals
B．
to wake up their family and neighbours
C．
to remind others of the time
D．
to guard against possible dangers
(3)
What does the author advise people to do?
[ ]
A．
Sleep in the way animals do．
B．
Consult a doctor if they can' t sleep．
C．
Follow their natural sleep rhythm．
D．
Keep to the eight-hour sleep pattern．
(4)
What is the author' s purpose in writing the passage?
The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”．But this meaning does not tell us very much．Unlike the other discilines(学科), philosopjy cannot e defined by what you study , because it si actually unlimited．Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy：are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosopkhy．For this reason you get a Doctorate(博士学位)of Philosoophy(Ph．D．)in biochemisty, or computer science, or psychology．
Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy．Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinkging．It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasonign．The history of philosopjy involives the study of major philosophers and perrsiad in the development of philosophy．
Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancemet．It is necessary for undesrtanding other disciplines．Only philosopjy questiong the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relatin to other disco[;omes．And throught the stdy of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field．
There are a number of gengral uses of philosophy．It strengthens one’s ability to solve problesm, to communieate, to organize ideas and issues, to presuade, and to takewhat is the most important form a large quamity of data．These general uses are of great benefit in the career firld, not necessarily ofr boutaining onej’s first job after graduation , but for preparing for posttions of responsibility, managemetn and leadershin later on．It is very shor sihte after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job．The useful skills developed throught the study of philosophy hav significang long-term benefits in canreer advancement．No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to reasolve human conflict．
(1)
Accprdomg to Paragraph 1．philosophy can best be described as the study of ________．
[ ]
A．
social sciences
B．
natural sciences
C．
both social and natural sciences
D．
the subject matter of politics
(2)
With the study of philosophy, you can ________．
[ ]
A．
become a great leader
B．
succeed in everything
C．
find a good job soon after graduation
D．
make progress in your career development
(3)
According to the passage, which of the follwing statements is TRUE?
[ ]
A．
Philosophy is an independent discipline．
B．
Logic helps you to become a better thinker．
C．
The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits．
D．
The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define．
(4)
From the passage, we can conclude ________
[ ]
A．
not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B．
a person will get a Ph．D．if he/she studies philosophy
C．
philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
D．
philosophy is the only solution to all the probleras in the world
