题目内容

It is often said that politeness costs nothing. In fact,__1__ hearing the phrase “thank you” or “well done” means the same to employees as a modest pay __2__, researchers say.

Praise and encouragement also __3__ employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs, saving on the cost of finding __4__.

A third of 1,000 workers __5__ said they did not get thanked at all when they did well,and a(n) __6__ third said they were not thanked enough.

In both __7__, the employees said they felt __8__, meaning they were less likely to be __9__ to their jobs and were more likely to look for employment elsewhere.

According to the survey, praising employees has the same __10__ as a 1 percent pay rise, and works out much __11__ for bosses.

Three out of four employees said that regular __12__ by their bosses was important to them, __13__ only a quarter said they were actually given as much praise __14__ they felt they needed. Those doing manual(体力的)jobs were less likely to be given any __15__ for doing well.

Scottish employees felt __16__ undervalued, eight out of ten saying they would like more praise. However, workers in the northeast are less __17__ by being buttered up by the boss, as only 69 percent said they felt the __18__ to be told “well done” regularly.

The research found that words of praise did more than __19__ a pleasant place to work—they could __20__ increase profits.

1.A.properly      B.consequently  C.insistently      D.frequently

2.A.rise        B.ride      C.surprise       D.incident

3.A.forces       B.catches    C.makes        D.contributes

4.A.possibilities     B.replacements  C.responsibilities    D.disadvantages

5.A.surveyed      B.reported   C.employed       D.inspired

6.A.adequate    B.total       C.special       D.further

7.A.surveys     B.cases        C.parts       D.points

8.A.privileged      B.favored     C.undervalued    D.evaluated

9.A.caught        B.attached    C.involved     D.devoted

10.A.motivation     B.advantage   C.development     D.feeling

11.A.less convenient     B.more likely  C.cheaper      D.more expensive

12.A.inspection     B.acknowledgement  C.commitment   D.outlines

13.A.but      B.otherwise      C.thus       D.so

14.A.that      B.when        C.while       D.as

15.A.solution      B.situation    C.recognition      D.communication

16.A.least       B.the less     C.the more      D.most

17.A.charged      B.impressed    C.delayed       D.exploded

18.A.chance      B.need      C.potential      D.function

19.A.create     B.demand       C.require      D.restore

20.A.alone      B.still       C.even        D.yet

 

1-5 DACBA  6-10DBCDA  11-15 CBADC 16-20 DBBAC

 

1. 从语境和选项看,这里用frequently表示“经常地”。

2. 这里用a pay rise表示“涨工资,加薪”。句意:研究者称,事实上,对员工来说,经常听到“谢谢”或“做得好”等话与适度加薪具有同样意义。

3. 从句子结构看,这里用了make+宾语+形容词作宾补;从含义看,这里表示“赞扬和鼓励也更能使员工积极工作,有利于稳定人心”。

答案:C

4. 语境说经常表扬员工,他们在自己的工作岗位上干的时间就更长,这样一来就节约了因为“替换”员工而带来的成本。从句意的连贯判断选B表示“替代者,接替者”。

5. 从语境可知,本文谈论的是一次调查的结果,因此选A。在被调查的一千名员工中,三分之一的人说,即使他们工作表现出色,也没得到过老板的一句感谢。

答案:A

6. 前面提到被调查的人中三分之一的情况,这里叙述的是另外三分之一的人,用形容词further表示“附加的”。

7. 此处表示“在前面提到的那两种情形中”,用case表示“情形,事例”。A“调查”,C“部分”,D“要点”。

8. 从前面叙述的这两种情形看,他们都觉得自己即使工作表现出色,也没得到过或者没有得到足够的感谢,可见他们觉得自己没得到足够的重视,undervalue表示“低估”。

答案:C

9. 从搭配和句意判断用be devoted to表示“投入,致力于”。这意味着他们的工作积极性很可能会降低,而且换工作的可能性增大。

答案:D

10. 表扬员工,这与1%的加薪具有同样的激励作用。B“优势”,C“发展”,D“感觉”,都不如A“激励”更符合语境。

11. 从语境看,表扬员工所起到的作用就像给他们加薪一样,而这样的表扬不会让老板掏腰包,更便宜。此句呼应了本文的开头:politeness costs nothing。

12. 回应本文的主题,这里说对员工来说,经常得到老板的认可(表扬)对于他们来说很重要。用acknowledgement表示“承认,感谢”。A“视察”,C“承诺”,D“轮廓,梗概”。

13.语境表示转折含义:四分之三的员工称,经常得到老板的认可对他们来说很重要;而仅有四分之一的人认为自己得到了应有的认可。

14. 这里用as与前面构成比较结构as much praise as,本空的as引导比较状语从句。他们觉得自己得到了需要的表扬。

答案:D

15. 而从事体力劳动的员工即使自己的工作做得很好,他们也很少得到老板的认可。用recognition表示“认可,认同”。  

16. 从语境看,这里表示苏格兰员工觉得自己最被低估,与下文照应。

17. 苏格兰员工说他们需要更多的表扬,而在东北部地区员工不太容易被老板的赞扬打动。用impress表示“使铭记,给某人留下印象”。

18. 与前面的“东北部地区的员工不太容易被老板的赞扬打动”照应,在这里,只有69%的人觉得有必要经常得到老板的赞扬。

19. 老板的赞美不仅仅是营造了一个愉快的工作环境。用create表示“创造”。

20. 这里用副词even加强语气,表示“甚至”:这些表扬的话甚至还能为公司增加利润。

 

 

 

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相关题目

There are two types of twins; identical and non-identical twins. Identical twins are formed from a single egg in mother’s body which divides to from two separate babies. Identical twins look the same, and are often dressed by their parents in clothes of the same colors. It is often difficult to tell identical twins from each other, even when they are standing side by side. Non-identical twins come into being when the mother produces two separated eggs a the same time, both of which grow to form babies. In this case the twins look like normal brothers and sisters and are easy to tell one from the other.
  In the 1970s and 1980s a scientist did some research into twins. He invited many pairs of identical twins to university and asked them to take part in a week of tests. He was particularly interested in adopted (收养) twins who had been separated at birth. He would give the twins different kinds of tests to study their speed of thinking, their speech, their memory, the ways they saw and heard different things, and so on. Time and time again he found separated twins who preferred clothes of the same color, used the same kind of shaving soap, wore the same shaped square glasses and the same colored socks.
  There is a third type of twins, but it is a very unusual one. Twins which are joined together at birth are known in western countries as Siamese twins.
【小题1】It is difficult to tell identical twins apart because _______.

A.they are dressed in the same clothesB.they are dressed in the same color
C.they are very alikeD.they are standing side by side
【小题2】If the twins are easy to tell from each other, they are ______.
A.very probably non-identical twinsB.surely identical twins
C.surely identical twinsD.always a brother and a sister
【小题3】Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?
A.In the 1970s and 1980s a scientist did some research into the two main types of twins.
B.In the week of tests, he tested their speed of thinking, their speech, their memory and some other things.
C.There were twins who had been separated from each other as soon as they were born.
D.Very often, separated twins were found to choose things of the same kind, the same shape and the same color.
【小题4】This passage mainly tells us _______.
A.the main types of twinsB.what has been found out about twins
C.how twins are formedD.how a scientist studied twins

Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With a checklist of criteria (衡量标准)in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They sought a university that offered the teenager’s intended major, one located near a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe.
“The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn’t alone in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked: what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer -----“That’s not a problem here,”-----Mahoney began to feel uneasy.
“No crime whatever?” comments Mahoney today. “I just don’t buy it.” Nor should he: in 1999 the U.S. Department of education had reports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses. “Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation.”
But getting accurate information isn’t easy. Colleges must report crime statistics(统计数字) by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity(关注), leaving the honest ones looking dangerous. “The truth may not always be serious,” warns S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc., the nation’s leading campus safety watchdog group.
To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find out major crime issues and effective solutions.
【小题1】It is often difficult to get correct information on campus crime because some colleges ____.

A.receive too many visitors
B.mirror the rest of the nation
C.hide the truth of campus crime
D.have too many watchdog groups
【小题2】The underlined word “buy” in the third paragraph means _____.
A.mindB.admitC.believeD.expect
【小题3】We learn from the text that “the honest ones” in the fourth paragraph most probably refers to colleges _____.
A.that are protected by campus security
B.that report campus crimes by law
C.that are free from campus crime
D.that enjoy very good publicity
【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
A.Exact campus crime statistics.
B.Crimes on or around campuses.
C.Effective solutions to campus crime.
D.Concerns about kids’ campus safety.

Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their
friends. They believe that their family members,  especially their parents,  don’t
know them as well as their friends do. In large families,  it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only turn to their friends for advice.
It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends. Even when they are not with their friends,  they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up,  because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.
However,  parents often try to choose their children’s friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is an interesting one. Have you ever thought of the following questions?
  Who choose your friends?
  Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?   
  Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like?
【小题1】 Many teenagers think their____ know them better than their parents do.

A.friends          B.teachers
C.brothers and sistersD.classmates
【小题2】When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to___.
A.turn to their friends
B.talk with their parents
C.have a discussion with their family
D.talk with their friends on the phone
【小题3】The passage suggests (暗示) that___ .
A.parents cannot choose friends for their children successfully
B.perhaps some children’s friends are chosen by their parents
C.children won’t let their parents choose friends for them
D.parents often try to choose their children’s friends for them
【小题4】Which of the following do you think is RIGHT according to the passage?
A.Parents should like everything their children enjoy.
B.In all families, children can choose everything they like.
C.Parents should try their best to understand their children better.
D.Teenagers can only turn to their friends for help.

Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well their friends do. In large families, it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.
However, parents often try to choose their children’s friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is an interesting one. Have you ever thought of the following questions?
Who choose your friends?
Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?
Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like?
【小题1】When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to _________.

A.go to their friendsB.talk with their parents
C.have a discussion with their familyD.talk with their friends on the phone
【小题2】Which of the following is DIFFERENT in meaning from the sentence “Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.”?
A.Some parents may even not allow their children to meet their good friends.
B.Some parents may even ask their children to stay away from their good friends.
C.Some parents may even not let their children meet their good friends.
D.Some parents may want their children to stop to meet their good friends.
【小题3】Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A.Parents should like everything their children enjoy.
B.In all families, children can choose everything they like.
C.Parents should try their best to understand their children better.
D.Teenagers can only go to their friends for help.
【小题4】The main idea of this passage is that ___________.
A.Teenagers need friends
B.Friends can give good advice
C.Parents often choose their children’s friends for them
D.Good friends can communicate with each other

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.  Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.  Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.  For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!

1.The writer of this passage must be ______.

A.an American

B.a Chinese

C.a professor

D.a student

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.

B.Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

C.Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D.Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

3.From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ______.

A.warmly welcomed at the airport

B.offered a ride to his home

C.treated hospitably at his home

D.treated to dinner in a restaurant

4.The underlined words  “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______.

A.strict with time

B.serious with time

C.careful with time

D.willing to spend time

5.A suitable title for this passage would probably be “______”. 

A.Friendships between Chinese

B.Friendships between Americans

C.Americans’ hospitality

D.Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendships

 

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