The diamond is the hardest natural substance in the world． What causes this superhardness? Pressure and heat are the answers． The pressure has to be close to two million pounds． That’s per square 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

The diamond is the hardest natural substance in the world． What causes this superhardness? Pressure and heat are the answers． The pressure has to be close to two million pounds． That’s per square inch． Much heat is required too． Experts say over 5,000 degrees． To make a diamond, one more thing is needed． This is ______． Pressure, heat, and carbon combine． They create a sparkling diamond． The very best are colorless． Pale blue stones─very rare─are high quality too．

Where do most diamonds come from? Over 97 percent come from Africa． The first diamond in Africa was not found by miners． Children found it, in 1866． They were playing in a shallow stream． One picked up “a pretty pebble”． The “pebble” was placed on the mantel of the fireplace． It was soon forgotten． Much later, a guest noticed the sparkle． He urged the farmer to have the stone looked at． He did． He took it to an expert in town． The “pebble” proved to be a diamond worth ＄2,500． That was a small fortune in those days． To date, the mines in Africa have produced over 1 billion dollars worth of diamonds．

Not all diamonds are found in Africa． Our hemisphere produced diamonds too． Brazil was a big producer in earlier times． The famous gem the Star of the South was found in brazil in 1853．

The gem the President Vargas was found more recently in Brazil． This was in 1938． A poor prospector found the stone． It was in the San Antonio River． It weighed 726．6 carats． The man sold the stone for ＄10,000 to a local broker． The broker almost immediately resold it． He got about ＄425,000． What a nice guy!

1．What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words）

__________________________________________________________

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Some diamonds are found in Africa but some are not．

______________________________________________________________

3．Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words）

___________________________________________________________________

4．What do you think of the diamond in modern days?（Please answer within 30 words）

____________________________________________________________________

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．

____________________________________________________________________

1．The world’s Hardest Substance．

2．Not all diamonds are found in Africa．

3．black carbon

4．Nowadays, diamond is a symbol that not common people can have it． Only the rich can own it．

5．钻石是世界上最硬的天然物质。

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Willy, a merchant, returned home to his own country from a faraway continent, where he had succeeded making a small fortune by hard work. He found on arriving at the port that all his relatives were having a large party.
He was in such a happy mood and in the joy of the moment, he did not even bother changing his grey flannel（法兰绒）suit which had become a little worn during the trip home.
When he entered the brilliantly lit room, his relatives and friends gave him a rather cold welcome because they had noticed his modest suit and immediately imagined that he had come back a poor man.
A young man who happened to be accompanying him was quite irritated at this and said to Willy, “What a wonderful reception you have received from these people. They have not even the intention of shaking your hand after all these years that you have been away from home.”
“Just wait and see!” whispered Willy, “They will soon change their looks!” Saying this he slipped a precious ring on his finger. All of a sudden the faces of all those present lit up and immediately Willy was surrounded by so many people that he didn’t know what to do. A man shook his hand, a cousin threw his arms around him, and he had so many invitations from the people present that he thought he would be unable to make any other appointments for several years.
“Has this beautiful, precious ring of yours the power of magic people?” asked the young man.
“Oh, no!” replied Willy, “They see in this glittering diamond ring something that makes them think I am rich, and, unfortunately, they place wealth above everything else.”
"What blind people!" exclaimed the young man. “It is not the ring that has drawn them to you but their desire for riches. Is it possible to appreciate more a piece of yellow metal surrounded by little stones than the goodness of my Lord? And indeed how foolish are people who place their trust in riches rather than in virtues（美德）!”
【小题1】 In what way did Willy go to attend the party held by his relatives and friends?

A．In such a modest mood.	B．In travel-soiled clothes.
C．Wearing a precious jewel.	D．Without being accompanied.

【小题2】 The word “irritated” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to “______”.

【小题3】 According to the young man, people should ______.

A．give up all the physical wealth	B．appreciate more jewelry than goodness
C．observe carefully when judging a person	D．avoid being blinded by the desire for wealth

【小题4】Which can be the best title of the passage?

A．The Diamond Ring	B．The Welcome Party
C．The Modest Clothes	D．The Joyful Crowd

My parents have certainly had their troubles, and as their child I’ll never know how they made it to 38 years of marriage. They loved each other, but they didn’t seem to like each other very much. Dad was too fond of his beer, and he talked down to Mom a lot. When she tried to stand up to him, a fight would unavoidably follow.

It was my dad’s disease that began to change things. The year 1998 was the beginning of a remarkable transformation for my family. My father, Jim Dineen, the always healthy, weightlifting, never-missed-a-day-of-work kind of dad, discovered he had kidney (肾)disease.

The decision to go ahead with a transplant for my father was a long and tough one, mostly because he had liver damage too. One physician’s assistant told him, “According to your file, you’re supposed to be dead.” And for a while, doctors mistakenly thought that he would need not just a kidney transplant, but a liver transplant too. Dad’s future hung in midpoint.

When the donor testing process finally began in the spring of 2003, numerous people, including me, my uncle Tom, and my mom, came back as matches of varying degree. But Mom was the one who insisted on going further. She decided to donate a kidney to my father. She said she was not scared, and it was the right thing to do. We all stepped back in amazement.

At last a date was chosen – November 11, 2003. All of a sudden, the only thing that seemed to matter Dad was telling the world what a wonderful thing Mom was doing for him. A month before the surgery, he sent her birthday flowers with a note that read, “I love you and I love your kidney! Thank you!”

Financially, the disease was upsetting to them. So my sister and I were humbled and surprised when, shortly before his surgery day, Dad handed us a diamond jewelry that we were to give to Mom after the operation. He’d accumulated his spare dollars to buy it.

At the hospital on the day of the transplant, all our relatives and friends gathered in the waiting room and became involved in a mean euchre (尤克牌游戏) tournament. My family has always handled things with a lot of laughter, and even though we were all tense, everybody was taking bets on how long this “change of conduct” would last in my parents.

We would inform Dad that if he chose to act like a real pain on any particular day after the operation, he wasn’t allowed to blame it on PMS just because he’d now have a female kidney.

The surgeries went well, and not long afterward, my sister and I were allowed to go in to visit. Dad was in a great deal of pain but again, all he could talk about was Mom. Was she okay? How was she feeling? Then the nurses let us do something unconventional. As they were wheeling Mom out of recovery room, they rolled her into a separate position to visit Dad. It was strange to see both my parents hooked up to IVs and machines and trying to talk to each other through tears. The nurses allowed us to present the diamond jewelry to Mom so that Dad could watch her open it. Everyone was crying, even the nurses.

As I stood with digital camera in hand, I tried to keep the presence of mind to document the moment. My dad was having a hard time fighting back emotion, and suddenly my parents unexpectedly reached out to hold each other’s hands.

In my nearly 35 years of existence, I’d never seen my parents do that, and I was spellbound. I snapped a picture and later rushed home to make sure I’d captured that enormous, life-defining moment. After so many years of disagreement, it was apparent to me that they finally understood how much each loved the other. 65—70

1.From the first paragraph we can learn that ____________.

A. Dad was fond of drinking B. My parents got along well

C. Dad often beat Mom D. Mom never obeyed Dad

2.The underlined part “Dad’s future hung in midpoint” in Para.3 suggests that ____________.

A. Dad was bound to die

B. Dad came to a serious moment in his life

C. Dad’s future was decided by doctors

D. Dad faced a tough decision in his life

3.Before the surgery, which of the following words can best describe the feeling of the families?

A. Worried and negative. B. Anxious and helpless.

C. Nervous but optimistic. D. Relaxed and positive.

4.Which of the following is TRUE according the passage?

A. Dad bought a diamond jewelry to Mom for their wedding anniversary.

B. Dad asked the nurse to visit Mom soon after the operation.

C. Despite a lot of pain, Dad was eager to know Mom’s condition soon after the operation.

D. On the day of the transplant, the families involved in a euchre tournament to relax themselves.

5.What’s in the writer’s photo?

A. Everyone was crying, even the nurses.

B. His parents were trying to talk to each other.

C. Dad watched Mom opening the gift.

D. His parents were holding each other’s hands.

6.What’s the best title for the passage?

A. Dad’s disease B. Mom’s decision C. The Gift of Life D. The photo of hands

Well before the 15th century, an Anglo-Saxon custom required that a prospective bridegroom break some highly valued personal belonging. Half of the broken token was held by the father of the bride and the other half by the groom. A wealthy man was expected to split a piece of gold or silver.

The earliest engagement rings were also used as wedding rings, serving to seal an act of sale which transformed ownership of a daughter from father to husband. Such rings were usually of solid gold to prove the groom’s worth.

For Roman Catholics, the engagement ring became a required statement of Nuptial intent（结婚意向）, as decreed by Pope Nicholas I in 860 A.D. The engagement ring was to be of valued metal, preferably gold, which for the husband-to-be represented a financial sacrifice.

Signifying enduring love, and chosen for its durability, the diamond was chosen for the engagement ring. The diamond’s fire is also associated with “love’s clear flame,” given by Medieval Italians because of their belief that the diamond was created from the flames of love.

The Venetians were the first to discover that the diamond is one of the hardest, most enduring substances in nature, and fine cutting and polishing releases the brilliance. Rarity and cost limited their rapid proliferation（急增） throughout Europe but their intrinsic（内在的） appeal guaranteed them a future. By the 17th century, the diamond ring had become the most sought after statement of European engagement.　　

1. Who kept the two halves of the engagement rings before marriage?

A. The bride’s father and the bridegroom’s mother.

B. The bride’s mother and the bridegroom.

C. The bride and the bridegroom.

D. The bridegroom and the bride’s father,

2. What’s TRUE about the early Anglo-Saxon custom before the 15th century ?

A. A will-be bridegroom should beat all his valuable belongings.

B. Every will-be bride should split a piece of gold.

C. The engagement rings were also used to prove the groom’s worth.

D. A rich bride should break one of her most valuable personal belongs.

3. Pope Nicholas made the engagement ring a required statement of nuptial intent ______.

A. in the 15th century B. over 1,000 years ago

C .in the 1860s D. by the 17th century

4. What kind of engagement ring has been the most popular one in Europe ?

A. Rings made of gold B. Rings made of silver

C. Rings made of diamond D. Rings made of an unknown substance in nature.

There was a king who gave his daughter a beautiful diamond necklace. The necklace was stolen and his people in the kingdom searched everywhere but could not find it. So the king asked to search for it and put a reward for＄50,000 for anyone who found it.

One day, a clerk was walking home along a river when he saw something shinning in the river and when he looked, he saw the diamond necklace. He decided to try and catch it to get the ＄50,000 reward.

He put his hand in the river and tried to catch the necklace, but somehow missed it and didn’t catch it. He took his hand out and looked again and the necklace was still there. He tried again.

But strangely, he still missed the necklace! He came out and started walking away, feeling sad. Just then, an old man walking by saw him, and asked him what was the matter. The clerk didn’t want to share the secret with him, thinking he might take the necklace for himself, so he refused to tell him anything.

The old man could see this man was troubled. He again asked the clerk to tell him the problem and promised that he would not tell anyone about it. The clerk told him about the necklace and how he tried and tried to catch it, but kept failing.

The old man then told him that perhaps he should try looking upward, toward the branches of the tree, instead of in the river. The clerk looked up and true enough, the necklace was hanging on the branch of a tree. He had been trying to take a reflection of the real necklace all this time.

1.The clerk tried to get the diamond necklace to __________.

A. make the king happy. B. keep it for himself.

C. get the big reward. D. sell it at a high price.

2. Before the old man asked the clerk what was the matter, the clerk .

A. was searching in the water B. was trying to find help

C. felt rather tired D. was not feeling good

3.Where did the clerk find the necklace at last?

A. On the tree B. On the bank C. In the river D. In the sand

4. What might be the best title for the passage?

A. A beautiful diamond necklace B. A king’s promise

C.A lucky young clerk D. Changing the way of thinking

68. Mrs. Black went back to_______ place _____ she had found the diamond.

A．the same; where	B．the same; as
C．the same; that	D．as the same; as

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