题目内容

【题目】Why do people feel so rushed? Part of this is a perception (认知) problem. Generally, people in rich countries have more free time than they used to. This is particularly true in Europe, but even in America free time has been inching up. Women's paid work has risen a lot over this period,but their time in unpaid work,like cooking and cleaning, has fallen even more significantly, thanks in part to dishwashers, washing machines and microwaves, and also to the fact that men shift themselves a little more around the house than they used to.

The problem, then, is less how much time people have than how they see it. Ever since a clock was first used at a workplace to record labor hours in the 18th century, time has been understood in relation to money. Once hours are financially quantified (量化), people worry more about wasting, but tend to save or use them more profitably. When economies grow and incomes rise, everyone's time becomes more valuable. And the more valuable something becomes, the rarer it seems.

Once seeing their time in terms of money, people often grow stingy with the former to maximize the latter. Workers who are paid by the hour volunteer less of their time and tend to feel more upset when they are not working.

The relationship between time, money and anxiety is something Gary Becker noticed in America's post-war boom years. "If anything, time is used more carefully today than a century ago," he noted in 1965. He found that when people are paid more to work, they tend to work longer hours, because working becomes a more profitable use of time. So the rising value of work time puts pressure on all time. Leisure time starts to seem more stressful, as people are forced to use it wisely or not at all.

【1】 Women's time in unpaid work has fallen partly because ______.

A. men's ability to support a family has been improved

B. men's involvement in housework has increased

C. women's leisure time was taken up by heavy housework

D. women become more skilled at household equipment

【2】 From the second paragraph, we learn that ______.

A. labor hours were recorded with a clock

B. people haven't realized the value of time

C. more work hours bring in more money

D. The rise of incomes makes time less valuable

【3】The underlined phrase grow stingy with can probably be replaced by "______".

A. refuses to delay B. intend to kill

C. try to accumulate D. hesitate to spend

【4】According to Gary Becker, what causes people feel anxious about time?

A. The wrong way of time being spent.

B. People's willingness to work hard.

C. The increasing value of work time.

D. More and more leisure time.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

试题分析:本文是一篇社会现象类文章,讲述了人们生活节奏越来越快的原因,主要是因为时间被赋予的价值越来越高,人们工作的时间越长,得到的报酬越多,因此活得非常忙碌。

【1】B细节分析题。根据Women's paid work has risen a lot over this period,but their time in unpaid work,like cooking and cleaning, has fallen even more significantly, thanks in part to dishwashers, washing machines and microwaves, and also to the fact that men shift themselves a little more around the house than they used to可知女性在家务中花费的时间变少主要是因为与以前相比,男性更多的承担了家务,故选B。

【2】C细节分析题。根据When economies grow and incomes rise, everyone's time becomes more valuable. And the more valuable something becomes, the rarer it seems可知人们的工作时间越长,报酬越高,选C。

【3】D推理判断题。根据Once seeing their time in terms of money, people often grow stingy with the former to maximize the latter并结合上下文可知,因为时间与金钱挂钩,人们开始变得比之前吝啬花费时间,故选D。

【4】C 推理判断题。文章末段提到So the rising value of work time puts pressure on all time. Leisure time starts to seem more stressful, as people are forced to use it wisely or not at all由此判断gary认为工作时间的价值变高使得人们变得焦虑,故选C。

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【题目】Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are :(1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. ( 2 ) citrus(柑橘)fruits and tomatoes; ( 3 ) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables;( 4 ) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk ; ( 6 ) bread or cereal (谷类), rice is also in this kind of food ; ( 7 ) butter, or something like butter.

People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day ; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn't matter whether foods are eaten raw(生的)or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn't matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o'clock in the afternoon or at eleven o'clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.

There are two problems,then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world's population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

【1】According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A. Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbages.

B. Potatoes, carrots, rice and bread.

C. Oranges,bananas,fish and tomatoes.

D. Beef, pork, fish and milk.

【2】It is important for people to eat __________.

A. three times a day

B. dinner at twelve o'clock

C. cooked food all the day

D. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day

【3】People in different countries and different places of the world __________.

A. have the right kinds of food to eat

B. cook their food in the same way

C. have their meals at the same time

D. eat food in different ways

【4】Which of the following is NOT true?

A. People in some places don't have enough to eat.

B. There are too many people in the world.

C. One of the problems is that no one is hungry.

D. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.

【5】If there is a Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

A. When people eat their lunch.

B. What to do with the two problems.

C. How to cook food in different ways.

D. Why people eat different kinds of food.

【题目】What is the purpose of reading or studying? If you can't remember what you read or study, it will be a waste of time. 【1】 One useful aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading.

Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to her offer to help is, "No, thank you, I'm just looking."? Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it. But suppose you say instead, "Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun glasses." She says, "Right this way, please.” It’s quite the same with your studying. If you choose a book, "just looking" for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that—nothing. 2 Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying "to find out more about", "to understand the reasons for" and "to find out how".

3 Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, "I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America".Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better.

Reading is not one single activity. 4 As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author.

This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. 5 One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opinions are one's own personal reactions.Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.

A. This is an effective studying way.

B. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader.

C. You remember better when you know what you’re reading.

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E. It is important for students to have a positive attitude to their study.

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G. Perhaps you have already discovered some good ways to keep yourself from forgetting

【题目】The stories we share with one another are important. They show wisdom and provide inspiration. They are important to our development. But sometimes people choose not to tell.

Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.

There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it like this, “The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie (妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finally uncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”

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Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.

Honesty and openness is important: It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Hard work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.

Does this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.

【1】What’s the function of the example in Paragraph 2?

A. It reflects that people are concerning about the spread of Ebola.

B. It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.

C. It proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.

D. It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.

【2】One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that _______.

A. story-sharing highlights the importance of hard work

B. people are used to exposing their weaknesses

C. people sometimes have no courage to share their stories

D. some stories make themselves feel uneasy

【3】Which is close in meaning to the underlined word “uncorked” in Paragraph 3?

A. freed B. broken C. unfolded D. untouched

【4】The writer aims to convince us to _______.

A. be open to people close to you by sharing some secrets

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C. remove the dangers that can be caused by untold stories

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