题目内容
【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
Scientists have found a reliable way to lengthen life in lab animals:Reduce the amount of calories(卡路里)they eat.
This method,【1】(know)as caloric restriction, has been shown to lengthen life of organisms ( 有 机体 )and reduce some age-related【2】(disease).Whether it can do the same in people has been an open question. 【3】 ,a new study suggests that in adults, long-term restriction of calorie intake can have an effect on their health.
The researchers looked at a group of 143 healthy adults who ranged in age【4】21 to 50. They were instructed【5】(practice)caloric restriction for two years.They could eat the foods they wanted so long as they cut back on the foods they ate,with the aim of【6】(cut)the calories they consumed by 25 percent.
Many did not achieve that goal.On average,the dieters managed to cut down about 12 percent of their total calories, or【7】(rough)300 calories a day. But the group saw many of their health markers improve. They【8】(lose)body fat, their blood pressure fell slightly, and they had better blood sugar control. Meanwhile, another 75 healthy adults 【9】 did not practice caloric restriction saw no 【10】 (improve)in these markers.
【答案】
【1】known
【2】diseases
【3】However
【4】from
【5】to practice
【6】cutting
【7】roughly
【8】lost
【9】who/that
【10】improvement/improvements
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种延长有机体寿命的可靠方法：热量（卡路里）限制。
【1】考查非谓语动词。主句中主谓宾齐全，要填词应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰主语this method ，非谓语动词的逻辑主语method和动词know之间是被动关系，所以要用V-ed形式，故填known。
【2】考查名词复数。disease为可数名词，前面的修饰词为some，所以要用其复数形式，故填diseases。
【3】考查副词。上文……has been an open question，这一研究成果是否适合于人类还有疑问，下文……can have an effect on their health，对人的健康能够产生影响，前后句的意思相反，逻辑关系是转折，所以用表示转折的词，填空词后有逗号，不能填连词but，故填However。
【4】考查介词。from ……to从……到……，固定搭配，从21岁到50岁，故填from。
【5】考查非谓语动词。instruct后跟动词不定式作宾语，故填to practice。
【6】考查非谓语动词。介词of后跟代词、名词或动名词，故填cutting。
【7】考查副词。所填词修饰cut down，动词短语，所以要用副词，故填roughly。
【8】考查时态。句子在介绍做过的研究，已经发生的事件，上下文都是用的一般过去时，所以填空词也要用一般过去时，故填lost。
【9】考查限制性定语从句。先行词为adults，指人，关系代词在限制性定语从句中作主语，所以可用who或that，故填who/that。
【10】考查名词（名词复数）。动词saw后跟名词作其宾语，所以要用improve的名词形式，在no后的名词improvement即可以用单数形式，又可以用复数形式，故填improvement/ improvements。
