题目内容

The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ______ .

A. blindly            B. unwillingly           C. closely             D. carefully

 

A

【解析】

试题分析：A.blindly盲目的；B.unwillingly不情愿地; C.closely紧密地；D.carefully仔细地。句意：教育的目的是教年轻人要独立思考而不是盲目地听从他人。根据句意故选A。

考点：副词辨析及语境的理解。

 

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Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you're afraid to do.

A. that B. what C. how D. whether

 

Working with a group of baboons (狒狒）in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology，Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.

She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.

The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.

This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认 知的）tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them，but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.

The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals，or they are too shy to use the information once they have it，information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.

1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.

B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.

C.The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.

D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.

2.According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?

A. Those that have more experience.

B. Those that can avoid potential risks.

C. Those that like to work independently.

D. Those that feel anxious about learning.

3.Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?

A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.

B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.

C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.

D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.

4.Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through.

A. storing information

B. learning from each other

C. understanding different people

D. travelling between social groups

 

A city child’s summer is spent in the street in front of his home, and all through the long summer vacations I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball. I was never asked to take part even when one team had a member missing—not out of special cruelty, but because they took it for granted I would be no good at it. They were right, of course.

     I would never forget the wonderful evening when something changed. The baseball ended about eight or eight thirty when it grew dark. Then it was the custom of the boys to retire to a little stoop(门廊) that stuck out from the candy store on the corner and that somehow had become theirs. No grownup ever sat there or attempted to. There the boys would sit, mostly talking about the games played during the day and of the game to be played tomorrow. Then long silences would fall and the boys would wander off one by one. It was just after one of those long silences that my life as an outsider changed. I can no longer remember which boy it was that summer evening who broke the silence with a question: but whoever he was, I nod to him gratefully now. “What’s in those books you’re always reading?” he asked casually. “Stories,” I answered. “What kind?” asked somebody else without much interest.

     Nor do I know what drove me to behave as I did,for usually I just sat there in silence, glad enough to be allowed to reain among them; but instead of answering his question, I told them for two hours the story I was reading at the moment. The book was Sister Carrie. They listened bug-eyed and breathless. I must have told it well, but I think there was another and deeper reason that made them to keep an audience. Listening to a tale being told in the dark is one of the most ancient of man’s entertainments, but I was offering them as well, without being aware of doing it, a new and exciting experience.

     The books they themselves read were the Rover Boys or Tom Swift or G.A.Henty. I had read them too, but at thirteen I had long since left them behind. Since I was much alone I had become an enthusiastic reader and I had gone through the books-for-boys series. In those days there was no reading material between children’s and grownups’books or I could find none. I had gone right fromTome Swift and His Flying Machine to Theodore Dreiser and Sister Carrie. Dreiser had hit my young mind, and they listened to me tell the story with some of the wonder that I had had in reading it.

     The next night and many nights thereafter, a kind of unspoken ritual (仪式) took place. As it grew dark, I would take my place in the center of the stoop and begin the evening’s tale. Some nights, in order to taste my victory more completely, I cheated. I would stop at the most exciting part of a story by Jack London or Bret Harte, and without warning tell them that that was as far as I had gone in the book and it would have to be continued the following evening. It was not true, of course; but I had to make certain of my new-found power and position. I enjoyed the long summer evenings until school began in the fall. Other words of mine have been listened to by larger and more fashionable audiences, but for that tough and athletic one that sat close on the stoop outside the candy store, I have an unreasoning love that will last forever.

1.Watching the boys playing baseball, the writer must have felt ________.

A. bitter and lonely                            B. special and different

C. pleased and excited                         D. disturbed and annoyed 

2.The writer feels grateful even now to the boy who asked the question because the boy ________.

A. invited him to join in their game       

B. liked the book that he was reading

C. broke the long silence of that summer evening

D. offered him an opportunity that changed his life

3.According to Paragraph 3, story-telling was popular among the boys basically because ________.

A. the story was from a children’s book         

B. listening to tales was an age-old practice

C. the boys had few entertainments after dark    

D. the boys didn’t read books by themselves

4.The boys were attracted to Sister Carrie because ________.

A. it was written by Theodore Dreiser           

B. it was specifically targeted at boys

C. it gave them a deeper feeling of pleasure       

D. it talked about the wonders of the world

5.Sometimes the writer stopped at the most exciting part of a story to _______.

A. play a mean trick on the boys                

B. experience more joy of achievement

C. add his own imagination to the story         

D. help the boys understand the story better

6.What is the message conveyed in the story?

A. One can find his position in life in his own way.

B. Friendship is built upon respect for each other.

C. Reading is more important than playing games.

D. Adult habits are developed from childhood.

 

There’s no reason to be disappointed. ______, this could be rather amusing.

A. Above all         B. As a result             C. In addition         D. As a matter of fact

 

“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.

A. what                B. how                C. that                 D. whether

 

---I am going to Spain fort a holiday soon.

   --- ______.

A. It’s my pleasure         B. Never mind         C. Leave it alone        D. Good for you

 

When it comes to __ in public, no one can match him.

A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D. be spoken

 

______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.

A. Not do only B. Do not only C.Only not do D. Not only do

 

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