Question

【题目】Directions: Fill in each blank with proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The Unique Joy of Learning New Words

With all that’s happening in the news, life can feel like an exercise in determining the particular kind of bad we are experiencing the. Are we anxious or depressed? Lonely, or stressed?

Tim Lomas, a senior lecturer in positive psychology at the University of East London, is engaged in the opposite endeavor, 【1】 all the types of well-being that he can find. Specifically, Lomas is seeking to 【2】 psychological insight by collecting untranslatable words that describe pleasurable feelings we don’t have a 【3】 for in English. “It’s almost like each one is a window onto a new landscape,” Lomas says. So far, with the help of many contributors, he has amassed nearly 1000 in what he calls a “positive lexicography” --- including the Dutch pretoogies, which refers to the twinkling eyes of someone engaged in benign mischief; The Arabic tarab, a word for musically induced ecstasy; And the Creole tabanca, which describes the 【4】 feeling of being left by someone you love.

People are fascinated with untranslatable words in part because they are useful: How else could we talk to each other about the 【5】 pleasure of schadenfreude? But Lomas also see them as a means of showing us “new possibilities for ways of living,” describing them as invitations for people to experience happy phenomena that may previously have had been “hidden from them” or to revel in feelings they couldn’t previously 【6】. Consider the Japanese ohanami, a word for gathering with others to appreciate lowers.

Linguists have long argued about how much the language we speak --- partly 【7】 by factors like geography and climate --- limits the thoughts we are capable of having or the actions we can take. The words in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels 【8】,” wrote the theorist Edward Sapir.

Perusing（研读）the words in Lomas’ collection, at the least, is a means of meditating on ways that we can feel good. When asked for one of his favorites, the psychologist lists the German Fernweh, which describes a 【9】 to travel to distant lands, a kind of homesickness for the unexplored. Also delightful is the Danish morgenfrisk, describing the satisfaction one gets from a good night’s sleep, and the Latin otium, 【10】 the joy of being in control of one’s own time.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】ABC

【2】AB

【3】A

【4】B

【5】C

【6】D

【7】CD

【8】AD

【9】AC

【10】BC

【解析】

本文是说明文。文章介绍了学习新单词的独特乐趣。

【1】考查非谓语动词。句意：东伦敦大学(University of East London)积极心理学高级讲师蒂姆·洛马斯(Tim Lomas)则从事相反的工作，他分析了他能找到的所有类型的幸福感。根据句意可推出是analyze“分析”，此处与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词。故选ABC。

【2】考查动词。句意：具体地说，洛马斯试图通过收集那些描述快乐感受的不可翻译的英语词语来揭示心理学上的洞察力。根据句意可推出是uncover“发现；揭开；揭露”。故选AB。

【3】考查名词。句意：具体地说，洛马斯试图通过收集那些描述快乐感受的不可翻译的英语词语来揭示心理学上的洞察力。根据句意可推出是term“术语，词语”。故选A。

【4】考查形容词。句意：还有Creole tabanca形容被所爱之人抛弃的苦乐参半的感觉。根据句意可推出是bittersweet“苦乐参半的；又苦又甜的”，修饰feeling。故答案为bittersweet。故选B。

【5】考查形容词。句意：人们对不可译词着迷，部分原因是这些词很有用:不然我们怎么能谈论幸灾乐祸带来的罪恶快感呢？根据句意可推出是guilty“有罪的；内疚的”，修饰pleasure。故选C。

【6】考查动词。句意：但洛马斯也把它们看作是向我们展示“生活方式的新可能性”的一种方式，把它们描述为邀请人们去体验以前可能“对他们隐藏起来”的快乐现象，或者去陶醉于他们以前无法命名的感觉。根据句意可推出是name“命名”。故选D。

【7】考查非谓语动词。句意：长期以来，语言学家一直在争论，我们所说的语言(部分由地理和气候等因素决定)在多大程度上限制了我们的思想能力或行动能力。根据句意可推出是determine“决定；断定”，由空后by可知，此处使用过去分词，表被动。故选CD。

【8】考查非谓语动词。句意：不同社会生活的词汇是不同的世界，而不仅仅是贴上不同标签的同一个世界，”理论家爱德华萨皮尔(Edward Sapir)写道。根据句意可推出是attach“贴上”，此处与labels是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。故选AD。

【9】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他的最爱之一时，这位心理学家列举了德国的Fernweh，它描述了一种想去遥远国度旅行的渴望，一种对未知世界的思乡之情。根据句意可推出是动名词longing“渴望”。故选AC。

【10】考查非谓语动词。句意：丹麦语morgenfrisk也令人愉快，它描述的是一个人一夜好眠的满足感，拉丁语otium强调的是控制自己时间的喜悦。根据句意可推出是highlight“突出；强调”,此处与the Latin otium是逻辑主谓关系，应使现在分词，表主动。故选BC。