Question

Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.
People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Apart from the few people who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators（发电机）. Generators are fueled by something--usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal（地热） plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.
In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. Because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not true. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can't see it, it's not happening.”  Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas（or another fuel）and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat--at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.
A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far -- so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal, or solar, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.
　　In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though，all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot

1. 1.
   What’s the main idea of the passages?
   1. A.
      Electric cars aren’t actually clean
   2. B.
      Electric cars are zero-emissions vehicles
   3. C.
      Zero-emissions vehicles are popular
   4. D.
      Gasoline-powered cars are more efficient
2. 2.
   Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in Paragraph 2?
   1. A.
      Be familiar with．
   2. B.
      Be curious about．
   3. C.
      Fail to understand．
   4. D.
      Show their interest in．
3. 3.
   The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run _________
   1. A.
      at least 25 miles
   2. B.
      more than 25 miles
   3. C.
      as far as 25 miles
   4. D.
      less than 25 miles
4. 4.
   In the author’s opinion, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more __________
   1. A.
      environmentally-friendly
   2. B.
      expensive
   3. C.
      efficient
   4. D.
      harmful
5. 5.
   It can be inferred from the passage that __________
   1. A.
      electric cars' batteries are poisonous for a long time
   2. B.
      now electric cars are used more than their gasoline-powered cousins
   3. C.
      zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment
   4. D.
      electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning something

Answer 1

ACDDD
试题分析：
1.A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins. 说明电动车一点也不环保。故A正确。
2..C 推理题。根据文章第二段People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from.说明加利福尼亚的人喜欢谈论零排放的的汽车，但是加利福尼亚的人似乎对电源的来源不清楚。该词应该指不清楚，不理解。故C正确。
3.D 细节题。根据第四段1,2行A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far说明D正确。
4.D 推理题。根据文章最后两段，不仅仅是电动车的需要的能源更多，而且电动车的电池也会导致污染，故电动车是对环境是更有害的。故D正确。
5.D 推理题。根据文章第二段内容可知电动车所需要的点，是需要通过燃烧煤炭等自然资源的，所以电动车并不如人们所认为的那样清洁无污染。故Ｄ正确。
考点：考查环境类短文阅读
点评：：电动车真的没有污染吗？通过文章的描述我们可以知道实际上并不是这样的，电动车比现在的汽车可能会导致更多的污染，因为它所使用的电，仍然是需要靠燃烧煤炭的资源来实现的。