题目内容
10.Every time we get behind the wheel of a car,we put our lives and the lives of others at risk.Self-driving cars are designed to reduce those risks by letting technology control our vehicles.Accident rates for self-driving cars have been much lower than those for human-driven cars.Google's self-driving car has had only 13crashes after traveling 1.8million miles.As humans,we can make moral (道义上的) choices in avoiding accidents.But what moral choices can self-driving cars make?Researchers at MIT studied this issue.They have developed the Moral Machine website to help explore the choices self-driving cars should make.MIT says the Moral Machine is"a platform for gathering a human perspective (观点)on moral decisions made by machine intelligence such as self-driving cars".
You can use the Moral Machine to be the judge and help self-driving cars decide what to do in different driving situations,Moral Machine choices can help MIT researchers examine the decisions self-driving cars should make.
The Moral Machine website lets you choose how you would react in a crash.
You are shown two possible traffic situations and you choose between them.In these situations,the brakes(制动器) have failed on the self-driving car.The car will remain driving in the current direction or it will turn.An accident will take place.You choose how many living beings would be hurt or killed,and who those victims should be.
The Moral Machine website has many situations and many possible results.When you click on the situation of your choice,it will be highlighted.Then the next situation is shown.At the end of the session,you are shown the results,based on the choices you made.The results show which character you were most likely to save and which character you were most likely to have die.Results also show how much each factor(因素)means to you,such as age,societal importance or obedience to traffic laws.
32.What is the purpose of making self-driving cars?C
A.To introduce a new technology.
B.To replace human workforce.
C.To reduce safety risks.
D.To offer useful advice.
33.What do we know about the Moral Machine?D
A.It helps humans make better choices.
B.It's a part of Google's self-driving car.
C.It costs a lot and can't be applied worldwide.
D.It aids self-driving cars in decision-making.
34.Which one best concludes the last three paragraphs?B
A.How do we make moral decisions?
B.How does the Moral Machine work?
C.How does your choice make a difference?
D.How do we fully operate the Moral Machine?
35.What does the text mainly talk about?A
A.An introduction to MIT Moral Machine.
B.An account of when to use Moral Machine.
C.A market research on MIT Moral Machine.
D.A discussion about moral decision-making.
分析 本文是对于MIT Moral Machine这种机器的介绍,麻省理工学院开发道德机器帮助自动驾驶汽车做出选择.
解答 32.C细节理解题.根据句子 Self-driving cars are designed to reduce those risks by letting technology control our vehicles.自动驾驶汽车的设计是通过让技术来控制我们的车辆来降低这些风险.可知答案选C.
33.D 推理判断题.根据句子You can use the Moral Machine to be the judge and help self-driving cars decide what to do in different driving situations你可以利用道德机器成为裁判,帮助自动驾驶车辆决定在不同驾驶场景下应该做什么,可以推断出帮这种机器可帮助自我决策驾驶汽车,所以答案选D.
34.B 段落大意题.根据句子The Moral Machine website lets you choose how you would react in a crash.道德机器网站让你选择如何在崩溃中做出反应,引出下文三段介绍道德机器是如何工作的,所以答案选B.
35.A 主旨大意题. 本文是对于MIT Moral Machine这种机器的介绍,麻省理工学院开发道德机器帮助自动驾驶汽车做出选择.所以答案选A.
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.
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Many years passed and the lady was very (49)C in business.She owned two large companies.She (50)Cher husband was very old,and thought perhaps she should go to (51)A him.But before she could,she (52)Da letter telling her that he had died,and gave all of his possessions (财产) to her.She needed to come back and (53)A things.
When she arrived at his house,sadness(54)D her heart.She saw the still new(55)B,just as she had left it years before.With(56)C,she opened it and began to turn the pages.A ring(57)Bfrom the Bible to the floor and a(58)D could be seen.She picked it up and found it was the ring she wanted in those days.And on the card was the date of her birth,and the words"LUV U ALWAYS".
(59)Ayour gift is not packaged the way you want it,it's because it is better packaged the way it is!Always appreciate little things; they usually lead you to bigger things!The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched for they must be felt with the (60)D.
41.A.watch | B.ring | C.coat | D.box |
42.A.afford | B.like | C.design | D.guess |
43.A.holiday | B.performance | C.birthday | D.meeting |
44.A.proud | B.kind | C.sorry | D.brave |
45.A.lent | B.asked | C.gave | D.moved |
46.A.carried | B.found | C.missed | D.held |
47.A.Politely | B.Lightly | C.Patiently | D.Angrily |
48.A.calm | B.upset | C.grateful | D.careless |
49.A.failing | B.lonely | C.successful | D.poor |
50.A.wondered | B.hoped | C.realized | D.explained |
51.A.visit | B.understand | C.catch | D.help |
52.A.passed | B.wrote | C.sent | D.received |
53.A.take care of | B.pay for | C.look for | D.give away |
54.A.covered | B.broke | C.left | D.filled |
55.A.car | B.Bible | C.letter | D.table |
56.A.smiles | B.laughter | C.tears | D.interests |
57.A.hid | B.dropped | C.disappeared | D.made |
58.A.book | B.pen | C.flower | D.card |
59.A.If | B.But | C.Although | D.So |
60.A.hand | B.eye | C.face | D.heart |