Question

Researchers have found more evidence that suggests a relationship between races (种族) and rates (率) of lung cancer among smokers. A new study shows that black people and Native Hawaiians are more likely to develop lung cancer from smoking. It compared their risk to whites, Japanese-Americans and Latinos.

Researchers at the University of Southern California and the University of Hawaii did the new study. The New England Journal of Medicine published the findings. The eight-year research studied more than 180,000 people. They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked. Almost 2.000 people in the study developed lung cancer.

Researchers say genetics (遗传学) might help explain the racial and ethnic（种族的） differences. There could be differences in how people's bodies react to smoke. But environmental influences, including the way people smoke, could also make a difference.

African-Americans and Latinos in the study are reported smoking the fewest cigarettes per day. Whites are the heaviest smokers. But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe cigarette smoke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer.

Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently. And some drug companies have begun to develop racially targeted (针对) medicines. Last June, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a drug designed to treat heart failure in black patients. The name is BiDil. The agency called it "a step toward the promise of personalized medicine."

1.Researchers agree that it is     that may probably determine black people’s risk of lung cancer.

A．the larger amount of smoking than white people

B．the living style or habit of the blacks

C．the depth of cigarette smoke into their lungs

D．the physical strength to react to cigarette smoke

2.People in the new study are made up of         .

A．heavy smokers in America                B．smokers and non-smokers

C．the Asians and Hawaiians                  D．the black and white people

3.The production of BiDil referred to in the last paragraph is to     .

A．explain different races react to some diseases differently

B．tell the readers that racial differences exist in smokers

C．show a big step people have taken in the medicine area

D．support the idea that it is easy for blacks to have cancers

4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the author?

A．The way of smoking may increase the risk of lung cancer.

B．Race has nothing to do with the risk of having a lung cancer.

C．The research was started by the New England Journal of Medicine.

D．he risk of lung cancer lies I how much a person smokes.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文介绍了不同种族得肺癌的几率和原因，主要是由抽烟的不同方式导致，还有药品公司也针对这一现象研发了适合黑人的药物。

1.细节题:从第四段的句子：But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe cigarette smoke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer. 可知黑人把烟吸到肺里增加得肺癌的危险。选C。

2.细节题：从第二段的句子：They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked.可知受测试的人有抽烟的还有不抽烟的。选B

3.细节题：从最后一段的句子：Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently. 可知不同种族的人对不同疾病有不同的反映。选A

4.细节题：从第三段的句子：But environmental influences, including the way people smoke, could also make a difference.可知抽烟的方式 肺癌的危险，答案是A

考点：考查健康类短文

点评：这篇文章难度适中，但和题目相关的有的涉及到一些长句的理解，要求考生长句的分析能力，并考查学生的概括能力，题目也以细节题为主，只要细心就行。