Does happiness have a scent?

When someone is happy, can you smell it?

You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile, hearing them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug. But can you also smell their happiness? Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent, and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports Phys.org.

For the study, 12 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers, and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during the study period.

Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, apparently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling—though it's unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents.

Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents—particularly their facial expressions—indicated a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them.

“Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell,” said study co-author Gun Semin, a professor at Koc University in Turkey.

This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, but that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to carry a scent too. This ensures previous research suggesting that some negative emotions have a smell, but it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.

Researchers have yet to isolate(分离) exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be. Happiness perfumes, for instance, could be invented. Scent therapies(香味疗法)could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety.

Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also how our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us.

1.What is the main finding of the new research?

A. Pleasant feelings can be smelt out.

B. Negative emotions have a smell.

C. Men produce more sweats.

D. Women have a better sense of smell.

2.The underlined part “abstain from” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________.

A. continue B. practice C. avoid D. try

3.What is the application value of the new research?

A. Perfumes could help people understand each other.

B. Some smells could be created to improve our appearance.

C. Perfumes could be produced to cure physical diseases.

D. Some smells could be developed to better our mood.

4.We can learn from the last paragraph that .

A. happiness comes from a scent of sweat

B. social surroundings can influence our emotions

C. people need more emotional communication

D. positive energy can deepen understanding

Diary of a Do-it-Yourself Book

This book based on Greg Hefley's own "diary" lets kids express themselves in an exciting way.In the book, kids will be asked: What was the best dream you have ever had? The worst thing you have ever eaten? The best secret you have ever heard? This Do-It-Yourself Book is unique and special because it has blank pages for readers to write their own stories and keep their own diaries.

Author: Jeff Kinney

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Train to Somewhere

Marianne, heading west with fourteen other children on a train, is sure her mother will show up at one of the stations along the way. Stop after stop goes by, and there is no sign of her mother in the crowds that come to look over the children. No one shows any interest in adopting shy Marianne, either. But that is all right. She has to be free for her mother to claim her. Then the train stopped at its final stop, a town called Somewhere...

Author: Eve Bunting

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Chinese Children's Favorite Stories

This volume of beloved Chinese stories contains a delightful(令人愉快的) selection from the store of Chinese legend.(传奇) Discover many delightful animal characters as well as Chang’e and Guan Yin. Retold for an international audience, the stories with beautiful pictures will give children aged ix to ten in other countries a chance to learn about both the tradition and culture of China.

Author: Mingmei Yip

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The Way Science Works

The perfect introduction to show how science explains the world around us! Eye-opening experiments and extraordinary photography bring science to life.Discover science in action from the principles that explain everyday facts to the theories behind the technology in today's fast-moving world. Full of facts about famous scientists, technology news and more.

Author: Robin Kerrod

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1.Diary of a Do - It - Yourself Book is different from other books because you can .

A. write your own stories in the book

B. have a chance to see beautiful photos

C. ask the author questions

D. read many interesting stories about the author

2.Based on Train to Somewhere, how many children head west on the train.

A. 14. B. 13. C. 15. D. 16.

3.Whose book would you like to read if you are interested in science and technology?

A. Jeff Kinney's. B. Eve Bunting's.

C. Mingmei Yip's. D. Robin Kerrod's.

Wanted, Someone for a Kiss

We’re looking for producers to join us in the second of London 100FM. You’ll work on the station’s music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply(申请) in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss100.

Father Christmas

We’re looking for a very special person preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.

Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December17 to December24 except Sunday, 10:30—16:00

Excellent pay.

Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Center, Station Parade, Eastbourne.

Accountants Assistant

When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver of for somebody who has office experience.

Wealden District Council

Software Trainer

If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make our decision, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of £15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.

1.Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?

A. The Enterprise Shopping Centre

B. Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.

C. Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100.

D. Wealden District Council.

2.We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who ________________.

A is aged between 24 and 40

B. may do some training work

C. can work for about a month

D. should deal with general duties

3.which position is open to recent school graduates?

A. Producer, London Kiss.

B. Father Christmas.

C. Software Trainer

D. Accountants Assistant

Enrique Iglesias is a most successful singer! Born in 1975 in Madrid, Spain, Enrique is the child of the famous singer Julio Iglesias. Enrique’s mother is a journalist. His parents divorced in 1978. Although Enrique lived with his mother, she sent him to live with his father because of concerns about her son’s safety. Enrique wanted to be a singer secretly, he didn’t wish his father to know that and didn’t want to live under his shelter. He sought his dream on his own.

Enrique released(发行) his first album “Enrique Iglesias” in 1995. This album had a collection of rock ballads(民谣) and five singles from it went straight to the top spots in Latin music. This album was followed by another “Vivir” in 1997. Three singles from this album occupied the top spots on the Latin charts yet again! Enrique also found himself nominated(提名) for the “Favorite Latin Artist” at the American Music Awards. By 1998, he had released his 3rd album, “Cosas Del Amor”. This year Enrique won the “Favorite Latin Artist”. “Bailamos” got him great fame. One of the songs in this album was also used in a movie. With the success of “Bailamos”, Enrique now already had many loyal fans. The album, “Enrique”, was released in 1999.

The year 2001 brought more success for him. His album, “Escape” had a few singles that reached the top spots. Enrique became a household name. This album is his biggest successful album so far. “Hero” and “Don’t Turn Off the Lights” soon turned Enrique into a super star. His next release in 2002 was a Spanish album “Quizas”. This album brought Enrique a “Latin Grammy Award” for the Best Pop Vocal Album. In 2007, he released another album “Insomniac” and the song “Do You Know” became an instantly popular song.

1.After his parents divorced, Enrique was sent to his father’s because _________.

A. he could be protected from some dangers

B. he could learn singing from his talented father

C. his mother would be able to focus on her career

D. his father could teach him how to behave correctly

2.Enrique didn’t tell his father about his dreaming of becoming a singer because he __________.

A. wanted to try a new singing style

B. hated his father for his carelessness

C. didn’t want to benefit from his father’s fame

D. planned to give his father a surprise when he succeeded

3.Which of the following albums has a song adopted in a movie?

A. “Vivir”. B. “Bailamos” .

C. “Enrique Iglesias”. D. “Cosas Del Amor”.

4.The third paragraph is developed mainly by _______.

A. following the order of his albums’ influence

B. analyzing the style of his albums

C. making comparisons of his albums

D. following the order of time

5.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Enrique Iglesias’ lucky life

B. Biography of Enrique Iglesias

C. Enrique Iglesias’ secret to success

D. Enrique Iglesias’ wonderful singing skills

Richard Branson, an English business magnate, has had great, global success. He is best known as the founder of Virgin Group, which consists of more than 400 companies.

So what, I asked, is his most important secret to success? His answer was simple: look for the best in other people.

Throughout his life he's never thought ill of other people. He looks for the best and praises them. Branson at times seems almost not human. He's too good at what he does. No, great. Nearly perfect. When he starts something, he is very likely to succeed. He has fallen out with others though, like anyone else. He is human. He told me:"Life is short and the world is much smaller than one realizes. You are going to come across people time and time again in the most surprising places ... As a leader it's even more important to be out there praising and encouraging people. If you do fall out with somebody in life, even if you think it was their mistake, give them a call. Befriend them. Go out to lunch with them."

The greatest leaders in the world have taught forgiveness. Perhaps the most extreme example is Nelson Mandela who invited his former prison guard to his inauguration (就职典礼) and even had lunch with a man who in the past wanted him to be sentenced to death.

Life is too short. We are humans and sometimes we make mistakes and anger people. What defines us is not those who are able to avoid confrontation (对抗), but those who are able to deal with it. The human body is able to self-heal when we are cut. In that same manner, we must heal our past relationships.

Branson wins respect from those around him. A natural-born leader, he is always deep in thought and hungry for more; always one step ahead. And it was Richard Branson who taught me about forgiveness.

1.Richard Branson's success lies in his ________.

A. determination B. efforts C. judgment D. generosity

2.The example of Nelson Mandela is mentioned to show ________.

A. he was one of the greatest leaders

B. he suffered a lot in prison

C. great people set a good example of forgiveness

D. the power of forgiveness is magical

3.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Invite your enemies to lunch

B. Richard Branson's success story

C. What is forgiveness?

D. The key to success

Robinson Crusoe is a famous novel written by Daniel Defoe. The book tells the story of a man who is shipwrecked (遭遇海难的). He spends 28 years on an island near Venezuela. The book tells the story of everything that happens to Robinson Crusoe. He hopes someone will rescue him, but he has been there for so long on his own that he also begins to fear being rescued.

Robinson Crusoe was published in 1719. Most experts believe the story is based on the life of Alexander Selkirk, who was a Scottish sailor. On an expedition in 1704, Selkirk had an argument with his ship’s captain. Selkirk thought the ship was not safe and was about to fall apart.

When the ship stopped at a remote island to get fresh water, Selkirk got off. He tried to get the other crew members to leave with him, but nobody would. The shop then sailed away without him. Selkirk spent four years and four months on his own on the island, known as Aguas Buenas.

Selkirk was finally rescued by a ship that visited the island in 1709. The ship’s captain was grateful to Selkirk because he provided food for the crew when they arrived.

Now archaeologists think they have found the remains of Selkirk’s camp on Aguas Buenas. They found two deep holes that would have held wooden posts. The archaeologists say this is evidence that Selkirk built a shelter there. The post holes are near a fresh water stream. They are located quite high up, which would have meant that Selkirk was able to watch out for the ships coming close to the island.

The most interesting evidence, the archaeologists say, is part of a piece of equipment used by sailors to navigate (导航). Historians believe Selkirk was a navigator, so the instrument could have belonged to him.

Robinson Crusoe was published ten years after Selkirk was rescued. Most experts think Daniel Defoe heard and read stories about Selkirk, which inspired him to write the book.

1.Why did Selkirk choose to land on the remote island?

A. Because he had quarrels with the crew members.

B. Because the captain ordered him to get fresh water.

C. Because he wanted to go on an adventure there.

D. Because he thought the ship he was on was in danger.

2.We can infer from the text that the ship that visited Aguas Buenas in 1709 _______.

A. lost its way while sailing

B. lacked fresh water upon arrival

C. was being navigated by Selkirk

D. was running out of food upon arrival

3.How could Selkirk see ships that might rescue him, according to archaeologists?

A. By asking the crew members on the ships.

B. By sending messages to the ships’ captains.

C. By watching from his shelter high on the island.

D. By using a piece of equipment used to navigate.

4.The author wrote the text to _______.

A. explain the origin of Robinson Crusoe

B. promote sales to Robinson Crusoe

C. criticise Alexander Selkrik’s deeds

D. praise Daniel Defoe for his writing inspiration

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