题目内容

 

“Opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most believe it is of great importance. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,” and “Everyone’s entitled to his opinion,” are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be considered intolerant(不可容忍的).

    Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend “What do you think of the new Ford cars?” And he may reply, “In my opinion, they’re ugly.” In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. It’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, “It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste.”

  But consider this very different use of the term, a newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial(有争议的) case. Obviously the justices did not share their personal preferences, their likes and dislikes; they stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and careful consideration.

  Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence. Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others.

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

  A. Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.

  B. Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.

  C. Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.

  D. Casual use of the word “opinion” often brings about quarrels.

2.The new Ford cars are mentioned as an example to show that ________.

  A. it is foolish to criticize a famous brand

  B. one should not always agree to others’ opinions

  C. personal tastes are not something to be challenged

  D. it is unwise to express one’s likes and dislikes in public

3.Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that ________.

  A. it is stated by judges in the court      

 B. it reflects public likes and dislikes

  C. it is a result of a lot of argument  

 D. it is based on careful thought

4.As indicated in the passage, being free to act on one’s opinion ________.

  A. means that one can ignore other people’s criticism

  B. means that one can force others to accept his preferences

  C. doesn’t mean that one has the right to do things at will

  D. doesn’t mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence

 

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.C      

 

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Hunting

The days of the hunter are almost over in India.This is partly because there is practically nothing left to kill, and partly because some steps have been taken, mainly by banning tiger-shooting, to protect those animals which still survive.

Some people say that Man is naturally a hunter. I disagree with this view. Surely out earliest forefathers, who at forest possessed no weapons, spent their time digging for roots, and were no doubt themselves often hunted by meat-eating animals.

I believe the main reason why the modern hunter kills is that he thinks people will admire his courage in overpowering dangerous animals. Of course, there are some who truly believe that the killing is not really the important thing, and that the chief pleasure lies in the joy of the hunt and the beauties of the wild countryside. There are also those for whom hunting in fact offers a chance to prove themselves and risk death by design; these men go out after dangerous animals like tigers, even if they say they only do it to rid the countryside of a threat. I can respect reasons like these, but they are clearly different from the need to strengthen your high opinion of yourself.

The greatest big-game hunters expressed in their writings something of these finer motives(动机).One of them wrote.

“You must properly respect what you are after and shoot it cleanly and on the animal’s own territory(领地)。You must fix forever in your mind all the wonders of that particular day. This is better than letting him grow a few years older to be attacked and wounded by his own son and eventually eaten, half alive, by other animals, Hunting is not a cruel and senseless killing not if you respect the thing you kill, not if you kill to enrich your memories, not if you kill to feed your people.”

I can understand such beliefs, and can compare these hunters with those who hunted lions with spears(矛) and bravely caught them by the tail. But this is very different from many tiger―shoots I have seen, in which modern weapons were used. The so―called hunters fired from tall trees or from the backs of trained elephants. Such methods made tigers seem no more dangerous than rabbits.

72.There is no more hunting in India now partly because___.

A.it is dangerous to hunt there

B.hunting is already out of date

C.hunters want to protect animals

D.there are few animals left to hunt

73.The author thinks modern hunters kill mainly____.

A.to make the countryside safe

B.to earn people’s admiration

C.to gain power and influence

D.to improve their health

74.What do we learn about the big-game hunters?

A.They hunt old animals

B.They mistreat animals

C.They hunt for food

D.They hunt for money

75.What is the author’s view on the tiger-shoots he has seen?

A.Modern hunters lack the courage to hunt face-to-face

B.Modern hunters should use more advanced weapons

C.Modern hunters like to hunt rabbits instead of tigers

D.Modern hunters should put their safety first

 

 

Every autumn, as families across the United States get ready to send their kids to college, the economics of higher education receive renewed attention. College is expensive and becoming more so in the U. S. The situation raises two questions: Why does it cost so much, and how can students and their families afford it?

Several studies published in the past few weeks reflect on these questions. The findings provide comfort to poor families.

First, it appears that only the minority actually pay the "high price". A study by the US Education Department's National Center for Education Statistics found that 55 percent of college students last year received some forms of help--scholarships, loans(贷款)or jobs.

Other factors are also at work. The government has increased the size of its grants (补助金)to lower-income students. Grants, unlike loans, don't have to he repaid and are awarded only to college students who have not earned a bachelor's or professional degree.

At the same time, most colleges are spending more on undergraduate education than they are collecting in tuition fees. A study, which is part of the Williams College Project on the Economics of Higher Education, reaches the conclusion that on average colleges “subsidize (赞助)” their students. The results of these studies, however, leave unanswered the questions of whether educational costs are higher than they need to be. Some experts argue that much of the college cost results from educational competition for fame, students and facilities.

This puts upward pressure on tuition, hut many colleges feel that good fame will enable them to attract students even if they charge them more.

Therefore, until something important changes in the marketplace, costs seem likely to continue rising. And American families will continue to beat down the doors of the high price "college in the end.

1.From the fourth paragraph of the passage we can conclude that _______.

A.American families earn only a little money every year

B.American families pay little attention to education

C.American students often have to stop their studies

D.American colleges have different ways to help poor students

2.In the writer's opinion, for students from lower-income families, the best way is ________.

       A.to find a good job and make money         

       B.to borrow money from the banks

       C.to ask for grants                             

       D.to borrow money from friends

3.It can be inferred that in America _______.

       A.famous colleges only accept rich students.   

B.famous colleges charge their students more money

       C.the government spends little money on education

       D.families often break the doors of colleges

4.The writer of this passage seems to hold the opinion that _______.

       A.college fees rise too fast for poor families.    

B.poor people should borrow money from banks

       C.poor people don’t need to send their children to college

D.colleges should get more money to improve themselves

We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.

Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed ---- no examination is perfect ---- but to have no external(外部的)tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in external examinations or in any controls in schools or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency, the ideal and the purpose of each teacher.

Without external examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them ---- a form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates(证书)to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lack of a certificate shows the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well - respected school. This defense of excellence and opportunity would disappear if external examinations were taken away, and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school's fame, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.

The opponents(对手)of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.

These people are not just against school organization, but are at war with the whole idea of modem competitive society and they are using children in schools for their destructive purposes. There is no reason why we should allow such people to determine the way our schools are organized when it is to the obvious disadvantage of the pupils, of the schools and of our society as a whole.

41.According to the passage, the writer thinks that ________.

A. changing the standards could mean the end of equality

B. standards must keep changing in order to achieve equality

C. there would be no standards without external examinations

D. we cannot have standards because examinations are not perfect

42.In the writer's opinion, what would happen if external examinations were taken away?

A. There would be no more opportunities and no more excellence.

B. Children from poor families would not be able to change schools.

C. Going to a favored school should be the only way to get a good job.

D. Schools for bright children would lose their fame.

43.The situation at the moment is that ________.

A. many children who are suitable for a job have no proof of their suitability

B. a school's fame is not important, as long as a child has a certificate.

C. children attending well - respected schools need not get certificates.

D. a bright child doesn't need a certificate a t all to get a good job.

44.Which of the following sentences is TRUE?

A. Most students from poor families can't get a good job.

B. Some people are using students to destroy our society.

C. The writer thinks it a good way to choose a job by computer.

D. The opponents of the examination want to reorganize schools.

45.The opponents would agree that _________.

A. computers should be selected to take over many jobs

B. particular people should not be chosen for particular jobs

C. well-respected schools should be got rid of as soon as possible

D. the students are not equally treated if they take external examinations


第三节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从16-35各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将其涂黑。
Cats have no emotions . At least, that's what my husband once claimed. I   21   that my two cats experience emotions. They feel anger, fear, and   22  . He agreed with me, but   23  his opinion that cats don't feel love.  24  , my tuxedo cat, Sebastian, would teach him otherwise.
When my next-door neighbour moved in, he had a she cat named Juliet. She was an indoor lady, always watching   25   through the window.
Then one day when I   26   my cat to the backyard for his playtime, Sebastian   27   Juliet gazing at him behind the window. It soon became   28  that they were attracted by each other. So every day thereafter, whenever I let Sebastian out, he would rush   29__to the backyard next-door and they would sit gazing   30   at each other through the screen, she inside, and he outside. Even my husband watched   31 , and he would murmur, "But cats can't feel love... can they?"
Five months later, my neighbour had to   32   because of work. My heart sank. I wondered how Sebastian would   33   to Juliet's leaving.
For months after Juliet moved away and the new neighbour moved in, I often   34   Sebastian sitting by Juliet's window, looking into the apartment   35   his lady. The new neighbour didn't mind having the "Peeping Sebastian" after I   36  his reason for being there.
Sebastian   37   the small area outside that window as his territory.  Other male cats were allowed in the   38  , but not near Juliet's window, which he guarded until his   39 .
Even now, when my husband and I walk through the backyard and see that window, he   40   me of the lesson Sebastian taught him... that cats do indeed fall in love.
21. A. argued                B. quarreled                  C. suggested                 D. discussed
22. A. energy                B. power                  C. strength                    D. happiness
23. A. referred to          B. prepared for                C. stuck to                    D. approved of
24. A. Therefore           B. However                  C. Besides                    D. Meanwhile
25. A. the environment  B. the sky                        C. her owner                 D. her boyfriend
26. A. forbade               B. prevented                 C. accompanied             D. left
27. A. called attention to       B. caught sight of       C. took charge of          D. paid a visit to
28. A. ambitious            B. doubtful                   C. skeptical                   D. obvious
29. A. secretly               B. straight                    C. quietly                            D. worriedly
30. A. lovingly                 B. angrily                            C. hungrily                   D. greedily
31. A. in trouble            B. in sorrow                 C. in amazement           D. in horror
32. A. settle                  B. travel                       C. apologize                 D. move
33. A. react                   B. reply                        C. reduce                      D. replace
34 A. took                    B. caught                      C. met                          D. sensed
35. A. in place of          B. on the basis of          C. in search of                     D. on account of
36. A. explained            B. requested                  C. blamed                     D. asked
37. A. discovered          B. reformed                  C. preserved                 D. marked
38. A. street                  B. backyard                  C. window                    D. village
39. A. birthday                     B. departure                  C. death                       D. arrival
40. A. reminds                     B. informs                    C. tells                         D. Accuses

For a while, my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers.(慢跑者). They were there all the time—early morning, noon, and evening. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. “Come on!” My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. “You'll feel great.”
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army. I'm not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet a real pounding (沉重的脚步) running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn't kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn't my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, “I love being out there with just my thoughts.” Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn't just the first week: it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn't fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don't jog any more, and I don't think I ever will. I'm walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I'm getting exercise, and I'm enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I've found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
【小题1】From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer's neighborhood ________.

A.jogging became very popular
B.many people were encouraged to jog
C.Alex organized an army of joggers
D.jogging provided a chance to get together
【小题2】 The underlined word “them”(Paragraph 3) most probably refers to ________.
A.heart attacksB.Back problems
C.hundreds of peopleD.physical weaknesses
【小题3】 From the author's experience, we can conclude that ________.
A.jogging can help people keep fit
B.many physical problems result from jogging
C.not everyone enjoys jogging
D.jogging makes people feel great

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