Researchers Jose Cordova and Erich Astudillo have discovered a new molecule(分子) that kills the bacteria Streptococcus Mutans, long known to be responsible for breaking down sugars in food in the mouth, which damages tooth leading to decay(腐烂). The new molecule they call “Keep 32” has been found to kill the bacteria.

The two have applied for a patent(专利) on their discovery and have also begun a marketing strategy aimed at both oral care products and food products. They say either product, if left in the mouth for just 60 seconds ,will kill all the harmful bacteria in the mouth and keep them at bay for several hours. If the new molecule passes health and safety tests, the two believe products using their new molecule should be on the market in as little as a year and a half. They expect the market for such a product to reach $300 million in just the first year.

The two have been working together since 2005 using money from the Founder Institute and say the aim is to approve the process for creating the molecule they’ve discovered for big companies like Procter & Gamble, Colgate even candy companies such as Hershey’s. In interviews, Astudillo has suggested that the two researchers are already heavily into discussion with several companies, some of which are interested in buying the patent once it is approved.

Over the years many products have come on the scene with announcement of reducing tooth decay and even the loss of teeth, but other than the introduction of fluoride(氟化物) into drinking water, not much progress has been made. If the announcement made by this new team proves true however, it could foresee a mark in saving the world of tooth decay as well as helping to improve the health for millions of people as tooth decay has been linked to many other health problems throughout the body including heart attacks.

1.The underlined word “them” in Para. 2 refers to _________.

A. oral care products B. food products

C. new molecules D. the harmful bacteria

2.The phrase “come on the scene” in Para. 4 is closest in meaning to __________.

A. performed B. occurred

C. existed D. arrived

3.What has been a way to reduce tooth decay and even the loss of teeth over the years?

A. Using the molecule “Keep 32”.

B. Killing the bacteria Mutans.

C. Introducing fluoride into drinking water.

D. Cooperating with some big companies.

4.This passage mainly tells us that ___________.

A. many health problems are closely connected to tooth decay

B. the discovery of a new molecule will greatly benefit health care

C. two researchers are discussing their patent with companies

D. researchers discover a molecule that can kill tooth decay-causing bacteria

Children in the United States eat too much pizza that some researchers now argue the food should join the ranks of sugary drinks and fast food for the harm they do to health.

In a new study, the researchers found that pizza is a large source of calories, saturated fat(饱和脂肪)and salt in children’s diets.Children should not eat more than two slices of pizza for a meal.and should pair that with salad, rather than with another high-calorie food,the researchers concluded.

“Parents should aim to control pizza consumption(消费), particularly as a snack where it was shown to have a very adverse impact on children, and they should put their pizza dollars toward healthier brands.” said Lisa Powel, director of the Illinois Prevention Research Center.

Pizza has become a matter of focus in recent years for researchers who look at the meals children eat, rather than the nutrients within them.Studies have found pizza is among the greatest sources of calories for children.

“Since pizza remains a common part of children’s diet, we need to make ‘healthy’ pizza.”Powel said.To make pizza healthier, food producers should reduce its saturated fat and salt, and increase its whole grain content,she said.

Whether or not pizza is harmful enough to be picked out as an unhealthy food, the study attracts attention to a larger issue with the modern American lifestyle, said Alexis Tindall, who was not involved in the flow research.Many foods arc eaten too frequently and in large sizes.said Tindall.To solve the problem, people don’t have to give up eating pizza, but instead, they can eat smaller and healthier pizza,she said.

“Make it at home, instead of ordering it out where you don’t have any control over how it’s made.”Tindall said. “When we make it at home, we can choose healthier ingredients,increase the vegetables.reduce fat, and put in less cheese.Pizza doesn’t have to be just pepperoni(意大利辣香肠)and cheese.”

1.According to the research.children shouldn’t eat

A.more than two slices of pizza in a day

B.two slices of pizza for a meal

C.more pizza with French fries

D.pizza along with salad

2.Powel suggests healthier pizza should be made

A.with less salt B.with more ingredients

C.in smaller sizes D.at home

3.The last sentence of the passage implies that pepperoni and cheese

A.are not necessary ingredients of pizza

B.should be reduced by adding healthier ingredients.

C.should all be replaced with healthier ingredient.

D.are not the only healthy ingredients of pizza

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Pizza—a real junk food!

B.How to prepare better meals for your kids?

C.Bring in healthier pizza for Americans

D.Discover the harm of eating pizza

Food we need

Have you learned a lot about the kinds of food people need? They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.

What food counts

People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw(生的) or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.

How shall we do?

There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

1.According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A. chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages

B. potatoes, carrots, rice, bread

C. oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes

D. beef, pork, fish, milk

2.It is important for people to eat _______.

A. three times a day

B. dinner at twelve o’clock

C. cooked food all the day

D. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day

3.Which of the following is NOT true?

A. People in some places don’t have enough to eat.

B. There are too many people in the world.

C. One of the problems is that no one is hungry.

D. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.

4.If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

A. When people eat their lunch

B. What to do with the two problems

C. How to cook food in different ways

D. Why people eat different kinds of food

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. essentialB. endangeredC. goingD. performanceE. crises

F. supposedG. consequenceH. materialI. exposedJ. involves

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the 1.from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is 2.for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as is often 3. to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 4.and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can stand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime5. for managerial responsibilities; others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When6.to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight” and in more primitive (远古的) days the choices made the difference between life or death. The 7. we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it 8.the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes 9. Since we can’t remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.

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