题目内容

书面表达

假设你是李明，你想邀请你的笔友Tony来益阳旅游。请给他写一封信，为他介绍你的家乡益阳。要点如下：

1. 空气和水质量好，绿化面积大，环境未被破坏，气候宜人，是全国宜居城市；

2. 民风淳朴，益阳人民热情好客；

3. 特色食物与景点介绍，如擂茶，周立波故居等。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 切勿逐字翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：擂茶grinding tea 周立波故居 former residence of Zhou Libo

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The world is not always ______ we wish it to be.

A. that B. which C. what D. where

There’s no doubt that our character has a profound effect on our future. What we must remember, however, is not merely how powerful character is in influencing our fate (命运), but how powerful we are in shaping our own character and, therefore, our own fate. Character may determine our fate, but character is not determined by fate.

It’s a common mistake to think of character as something that is fully formed and fixed very early in life. It calls to mind old proverbs like “A leopard can’t change its spots” and “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.”

This perspective that our character is “etched in stone” is supported by a great deal of modern psychology emphasizing self-acceptance. As Popeye says, “I am what I am.” The hidden message is:Don’t expect me to be more, better, or different.

Ultimately, these views of humanity totally undervalue the lifelong potential for growth that comes with the power of reflection and choice.

How depressing it would be to believe that we can’t choose to be better, more honest, more respectful, more responsible, and more caring. None of us should give up the personal seeking to improve our character. Not because we’re bad, we don’t have to be sick to get better , but because we’re not as good as we could be.

There are so many things in life we can’t control, whether we’re beautiful or smart, whether we had good parents or bad, whether we grew up with affirmation or negation. It’s inspiring to remember that nothing but moral will power is needed to make us better.

No, it isn’t easy. But if we make a great effort to become more aware of the habits of heart and mind that drive our behavior, we can begin to place new emphasis on our higher values so that we become what we want our children to think we are.

1.What is the best title of the passage?

A. We shape our own character.

B. Character determines our fate.

C. Character is fully formed and fixed.

D. We must meet what our children need.

2.The author agrees that _____________.

A. a leopard can't change its spots

B. in life we must attach importance to self-acceptance

C. we shouldn’t expect us to be more different

D. character is not fully formed and fixed very early

3.In the author’s opinion, which of the following is TRUE?

A. We can’t choose to be better.

B. We should seek to improve our character for we’re bad enough.

C. We should value our lifelong potential for growth.

D. We should make choices constantly.

4.What do we need to improve ourselves according to the author?

A. Our smartness. B. Our will power.

C. Our fate. D. Our character.

5.What can we infer from the passage?

A. It is not difficult to improve ourselves.

B. We must try our best to be as good as possible.

C. Our children should copy our behavior.

D. We should control as many things as possible in life.

This winter, one of the largest ______ snowstorms hit many areas.

A. recordingB. recorded

C. being recordedD. to record

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.

In a bowl of salad，all the ingredients are mixed together. 1.____ Together, however, the ingredients make up a unity. All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product. They may be covered with the same dressing (调味酱），but the green vegetables, tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.

From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness. People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life.

2.____ Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend. This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity； that is， American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.

3.____Here, society is like one large pot of soup. All cultural aspects are mixed together, sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality. The Some people describe American society as a saladlonger the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve. In this sense, America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation. There are dozens of shared symbols. 4.____In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nation’s official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.

Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can be best described as a mixture of both. 5.____

A. Both are correct depending on one-s point of view.

B. They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.

C. This is why there is so much diversity within America.

D, In other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.

E. Thus, one needs to abandon one's culture to be considered "American".

F. They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.

G. The other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot.

Adults are happy to tell their children that crusts (面包皮) will give them curly hair, carrots will help them see in the dark, and spinach will make them strong. Even though adults know it's not totally true, they think it's good for their children's health, a study had found.

In a study about 31 per cent of adults said they once told their children the curly hair tale, and 36 per cent said they'd been told the same thing by their mother or father. Among the over-50s, almost half said they'd been promised curly hair if they ate their crusts. A quarter of the 2,000 adults questioned in the study told their children carrots would help them see in the dark. This could be true to some extent because of the high levels of vitamin A and beta-carotene in root vegetables.

Another favorite among parents is that milk will make one strong. A third surveyed said their parents told them this, and about 29 per cent said they told their children the same thing. But while there is plenty of evidence to suggest milk is good for people's health, there are also a lot of scientific papers saying it isn't.

Thanks to Popeye, spinach is also fed to children, along with the idea that it will make them strong. While there is also some truth in this one, scientists now believe it is not the iron, but the inorganic nitrates (无机硝酸盐) that improve physical power.

One in seven of the surveyed admitted telling their little ones that runner beans will make them run faster, which is nothing more than wordplay and has no basis in science. Almost one in five adults were subjected to the same tale in childhood.

Just over one in 10 parents told their children green food would turn them into a superhero, and a quarter admitted hiding vegetables in meals.

Lyndsay Jones, spokesman for Persil Washing Up Liquid, said, "It's clear that the most persuasive stories about food are passed on from generation to generation. Our research shows that the ideas continue, and we tell our kids the same things our parents told us, even if they're not always entirely true."

Crusts may not make your hair curly, but there's plenty of research that says crusts contain more of the goodness than the rest of a loaf. Hopefully, as a result of our Cook with Kids promise, more parents will be encouraged to spend time with their children in the kitchen and teach them the truth about food.

1.We can know from Paragraph 3 that ________.

A. a third people are forced to drink milk by their parents

B. milk is beneficial to children's physical strength

C. there is doubt whether milk is helpful to people's health

D. about 29 percent people wish their children good health

2.Which of the following does Lyndsay Jones agree?

A. Adults are willing to teach their children as their parents did.

B. Most persuasive stories about food are false.

C. Stories about food shouldn't be passed on from generation to generation.

D. Parents can't make sure if some stories about food are totally true.

3.We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. scientists think the iron in spinach helps children grow strong

B. parents are expected to tell children the truth about food

C. runner beans can really make children run fast

D. crusts are said to contain less nutrition than a loaf

4.How is the passage mainly developed?

A. By following time order

B. By making comparisons.

C. By giving examples.

D. By analyzing causes.

Despite the anxiety that Jones’ Host—said by some to be the first digital novel—caused in 1993, publishers weren’t too concerned that e-books would one day replace printed books. However, that attitude was changed suddenly in 2007 when Amazon’s Kindle came onto the market, which led to e-book sales jumping up to 1,260%. Since then, e-books’ popularity has continued to steadily rise. The publishing industry seemed to have lost all possible ability to regain its position. Will printed books eventually become a thing of the past?

According to Mike Shatzkin, founder and CEO of the Idea Logical Company, printed books just for plain old reading will, in 10 years from now, be unusual. “Not so unusual that a kid will say, ‘Mommy, what’s that?’ but unusual enough that on the train you’ll see one or two people reading something printed, while everyone else is reading off of a tablet.” And Shatzkin believes that the demise of print is sure to happen, though such a day won’t arrive for perhaps 50 to 100 or more years.

Robert Stein, founder of the Institute for the Future of the Book, however, believes that books won’t disappear entirely, at least not anytime soon. “Print will exist, but it will be in a different field and will appeal to a very limited audience, as poetry does today. Like woodblock printing, hand-processed film and folk weaving (编织), printed pages may assume an artistic value,” he says. He imagines that future forms of books might be developed not by conventional publishers but by the gaming industry. He also predicts that the distinction between writer and reader will be made less obvious by a social reading experience in which authors and consumers can digitally interact with each other to discuss any passage, sentence or line.

Is there anything we risk sacrificing, should print really disappear entirely? According to Maryanne Wolf, director of the Center for Reading and Language Research at Tufts University, electronic reading can negatively affect the way the brain responds to text, including reading comprehension, focus and the ability to maintain attention to details like plot and order of events. “My worry is that we’ll have a short-circuited reading brain, excellent for gathering information but not necessarily for forming critical, analytical deep reading skills,” Wolf says.

The field, however, is in an early stage, and findings about the negative effects of e-reading are far from certain. In light of this, Wolf hopes that we continue to maintain a “bi-literate” society—one that values both the digital and printed word. “A full reading brain circuit is a huge contribution to the intellectual development of our species. Anything that threatens that deserves our attention.”

1.How did publishers feel about the rising e-book sales inspired by the Kindle?

A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Curious. D. Skeptical.

2.The underlined word “demise” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.

A. rise B. death C. growth D. decline

3.According to Robert Stein, paper books will exist because of ______.

A. the artistic value

B. the digital interaction

C. the growing popularity

D.the conventional design

4.It can be concluded from the last two paragraphs that Wolf holds that _______.

A. e-reading will weaken the power of our brain

B. digital books and paper books should not co-exist

C. e-reading will make us more critical and thoughtful

D. we should not risk losing a full reading brain circuit

______ the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers to express her thanks.

A. Surviving B. To survive

C. Survived D. Having survived

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的词（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式填空（不超过3个单词）。

If you go out to the fields at night in spring or summer, you can hear frogs singing 1.____ (happy) here and there. It seems as if they were performing a field group singing.

The frog is a good and useful creature that benefits human beings. They can catch fast-moving 2.__ (insect). Each frog eats a large number of pests that are harmful to crops. This little creature is regarded 3.____ “the natural enemy of pests”.

But now frogs 4.___ (get) fewer and fewer. This is because they are killed and put 5.___ the table as a delicious dish by their chief enemy, human beings. It is a shameless and cruel act, isn’t it?

The cause responsible for the rapid 6.__ (reduce) of frogs is that farmers use insect killer to kill pests and frogs get killed as a result of drinking poisoned water while 7. __ (eat) poison-killed insects.

Something must be done without delay 8.__ (save) frogs. If we don’t punish those 9.____sell and kill frogs to make money, then one day all of us 10.__ (punish) by nature for failing to keep them.

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