Question

11．第一节短文改错．增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除；把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
As a senior three student，it won't take long after I graduate．Now，I have much to share with my fellow student．
Firstly，I'd like to show my appreciation to those stand by me all the way，teachers，parents and friends included．Without their help or advice，my life will be different．Secondly，it's high time for I to say sorry to the classmates whom I hurt or misunderstood．I firm believe that communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship．Thirdly，I've made my mind to make every effort to study，so hard work is the key to a success．Finally I want to express my hope which all the younger fellows can make full use of time，because time and tide wait for no man．

Answer 1

分析 作者作为一名即将毕业的高三学生在文中主要表达了自己的几点感受；一、向一直支持自己的老师，家长以及朋友们表示感谢；二、向自己曾经伤害或误解过的同学表示歉意；三、表达了自己想要努力学习的决心；最后作者呼吁所有的年轻人都应该充分利用好时间．

解答 As a senior three student，it won't take long after I graduate．
Now，I have much to share with my fellowstudent．
Firstly，I'd like to show my appreciation to thosestandby
me all the way，teachers，parents and friends included．
Without their help or advice，my lifewillbe different．
Secondly，it's high time forI to say sorry to the classmates
whom I hurt or misunderstood．I firm believe that communication
and smiles act as bridges to friendship．Thirdly，I've made∧my mind
to make every effort to study，so hard work is the key toa success．
Finally I want to express my hope whichall the younger fellows can
make full use of time，because time and tide wait for no man．

详解：
1．after改为before     考查从属连词   本句的意思是：作为一名高三的学生，用不了多久我就要毕业了；it won't…long before…，指的是：不多久…就；故用before．
2．student改为students     考查名词的单复数   根据下文"all the younger fellows"可知，以下的内容应是作者分享给所有的同学的；故用students 
3．stand改为standing    考查现在分词  此处在句中作定语，修饰前面的代词those；由于动词stand与其逻辑主语构成的是主谓关系，表示正在进行的动作；故用现在分词standing．
4．will改为would     考查虚拟语气   此处表达的是与现在事实相反的假设，故用would．
5．I改为me    考查人称代词的宾格   此处用在介词for之后作宾语，故用me．
6．firm改为firmly    考查副词  此处用来修饰动词believe，故用副词firmly．
7．made之后加up    考查固定短语    make up one's mind to do sth．意为：下决心做某事，故在made之后加up．
8．so改为as     考查连词   本句的意思是：我下定决心要尽一切努力学习，因为努力学习是成功的关键；此处表述的是原因，而不是结果；故用as．
9．去掉success之前的a     考查不可数名词    此处的success意为：成功，是不可数名词；故去掉它前面的a．
10．which改为that    考查连词    本句是同位语从句，由于从句中不缺少任何成分，故用连词that．

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题，主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力．错误类型一般有：缺词、多词和错词．常见的错误有：1 词法错误，主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此类试题时，需要正确分析句子成分，熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常见句法错误．通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误．解答此类试题时，需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法．3 应在理解文章大意的前提下，进行作答．