题目内容

—Dick insisted he         nothing wrong, and should not be criticized. Why?

—Because he couldn’t help but tell       a white lie.

A．did; tell           B．had done; but tell   C．do; telling         D．do; to tell

 

【答案】

B

【解析】

试题分析：句意:--迪克坚持说他没有做错事，不应该受到批评，为什么?--因为他不得不讲了一个善意的谎言。couldn’t help but忍不住，不由得，不由自主;这里insist坚决认为，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，这里insisted与had done，had done的动作发生在insisted之前，故用过去完成时，故选B。

考点：考查动词时态及固定短语的用法。

点评：本题难度适中。动词时态是近几年高考必考的内容。需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力，必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。这里固定短语主要考生短语的语义，但是必须正确理解句意，故选B。

即学即练：——Bob has gone to California.

——Oh, can you tell me when he        ?

A. has left    B. left    C. is leaving   D. would leave

解析：B。句意：“——Bob已经去了加利福尼亚。——噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？”Bob has gone to California，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。选B。

 

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24. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you can’t go out _______ your work is being done.”

A. before          B. until         C. as                D. the moment

Every year in America, high-school students who want to go to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at all. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one’s mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally, the English portion（部分）involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.

    But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That’s an interesting way to test writing ability, put content aside, have you ever seen young people’s handwriting lately? Or anyone’s for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word. And they hand-write, or more often print, a word or two of identification on luggage and lunch bags. Otherwise penmanship (书法) — once taught so morally and easefully by second-grade teachers, has gone the way of the dodo bird which has died out.

    Yet today’s kids are asked to write, thoughtfully and legibly (字迹清楚地), for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the text scorers who must work out difficultly the scrawl of young people who’ve been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one’s score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers and earn bigger tax refunds (退税) because the tax inspectors can actually read the computations (计算结果). And don’t forget, we all have to turn to handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when power goes out.

The subjects to be tested in the SAT include ______.

    A. math, English, reading and handwriting

    B. math, grammar, reading and writing

    C. math, foreign language and writing

    D. math, English and handwriting

The author writes this passage to introduce the fact that ______.

    A. writing seems to be very important in the SAT

    B. those who will go to colleges have to take the SAT

    C. students should practice handwriting more often

    D. in the computer age kids know how to write legibly

What does the underlined word “scribble” probably mean?

    A. Write quickly and roughly.               B. Take notes difficultly.

    C. Print penmanship carefully.               D. Describe written word generously.

According to the passage good handwriting can ______.

    A. help students get high scores in tests        B. make a student more popular

    C. measure students’ ability                 D. assist one to get a job

I keep hammering this because I keep seeing people who don’t do it.

1. Look up English to Elvish.

2. Look up the Elvish word in the best Elvish dictionary you have, and, preferably, find out the context（上下文） in Tolkien’s language dictionary.

3. Change the word to suit rules of grammar: singular or plural, mutations, verb tenses, etc.

You cannot leave out any of these steps. If you do, you’re almost certain to have errors. Why you have to do step 2:

Languages never match up one- to-one. English and Elvish are closer than usual, but there are still problems. And English has strange idioms: why are there no baths or beds in public bathrooms or restrooms? You can’t translate literally（逐字地）. You have to understand the meaning behind each word.

In Elvish this is even more true, since our dictionaries contain more or less questionable reconstructions, and words that Tolkien later threw away or replaced. Find the best one you can.

Consider the word “fair”. We tend to use it to mean “just”. Tolkien tends to use it to mean “beautiful”. In Elvish, these are two entirely different words. So when you look up “fair”, you’ll have to go to the Elvish dictionary to see that you’ve got the right one.

Consider the nightmare（噩梦） of He left the bar. Is “left” the opposite of “right” （which also has two meanings） ? Is “bar” extruded steel（型材钢）, or something to do with law? You have to know what words mean in both languages.

And you’d be amazed at how many people ignore step 3, forgetting that language is more than a string of words, and there are rules about how to fit those words together. You can’t simply look up the word “I” and use it everywhere. Sometimes you need “me” or “my”. There’s a reason it takes a while to learn a language: you have to learn the rules.

It drives me completely mad when people give a questionable translation they insist is right because “it’s in the dictionary”. A dictionary is a tool, a resource. but its entries（词目）should not be mistaken for a finished product. They are raw materials.

The underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refers to         .

A. consulting the dictionaries when translating between languages

B. finding out the true meaning in context

C. ignoring the rules of grammar

D. leaving out some of the three steps the author mentions

According to the author, you have to do step 2 because         .

A. you have to understand the meaning behind each word

B. Elvish and English are quite different in forms

C. there are no baths or beds in public bathrooms

D. Elvish has some words which are hard to find

Grammar is also very important because it         .

A. helps fit the words together

B. takes a while to learn a language

C. is a rule to obey

D. is often forgotten in translating

In the last paragraph, the author shows         .

A. his impatience to those who insist their wrong translation is right

B. his puzzle to the questionable translation

C. the importance of the correct use of dictionaries

D. the mistaken entries in the dictionaries

The passage is mainly about how to         .

A. learn a foreign language with a dictionary

B. avoid errors when looking up a dictionary

C. understand the meaning of a strange word

D. use a dictionary to translate between languages

Most people who experience bad service while traveling, shopping, or dining out do no complain. They accept bad services or products without making a sound. Why? Many feel complaining won’t do any good. In fact, they’re wrong, because companies don’t want their customers unhappy. Not sure you can do it? Here are some ways to use when things go wrong.
1.If you have a complaint, do something about it right away. The longer you wait, the harder it will be to get your complaint solved.
2.First, complain to the servers. If they are not going to solve your problem, then ask politely to speak to a manager. And if that doesn’t work, you can always request to speak to the manager’s manager!
3.Demand a discount(折扣). Let’s say you were promised a hotel room with an ocean view, but got a view of a brick wall instead; if you were promised a seat in the front of a plane, but got a seat in the back. You should do something about both of these situations. Ask a special discount.
4.Don’t be passive. Offer ways you think the company can satisfy you.
5.Insist on the price you were told. If you are refused, get a manager’s name and telephone number, and promise to follow up with a letter and a telephone call.
6.If all else fails, wait until you get home and take action. Call the company’s head office, and speak to the most powerful person possible. Then follow up your call with a letter of complaint. If necessary, call the customer protection office in your city and complain.
【小题1】
According to the text, people don’t complain because________.

A．they think complaining doesn’t work
B．they consider it wrong to complain
C．they don’t want to waste their time
D．they don’t want to become unpopular
【小题2】
To complain about something, you should________.
A．wait until you come back home
B．prepare for a long time
C．talk to the manager directly
D．try to solve the problem actively
【小题3】
What might be the best title for the text?
A．Get what you should get
B．Complain as you please
C．Take action to deal with problems
D．Avoid trouble and don’t complain

In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernardino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue（烤肉）restaurant, then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one new idea: quick service，no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.

Their hamburgers were sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity（一致性）, for the brothers had developed a strict routine（程序）for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks’ sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became surprisingly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundred during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.

Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954 when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the special attraction of the brothers’ fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise（特许经营）other copies of their restaurants. The agreement included the right to duplicate（复制） the menu, the equipment, even their red and white buildings the golden arches（拱门）.

Today McDonald’s is really a household name. In 1976, McDonald’s had over＄1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most surprising successes in modern American business history.

1.This passage mainly talks about ＿＿＿.

A. the development of fast food services

B. how McDonald’s became a billion-dollar business

C. the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald

D. Ray Kroc’s business talent

2.Mac and Dick managed all of the following business except ＿＿＿.

A. a drive-in    B. a theater

C. a cinema    D. a barbecue restaurant

3. We may infer from this passage that ＿＿＿.

A. Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy, for they sold their ideas to Kroc

B. the place the McDonald brothers chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-in

C. forty years ago there were lots of fast-food restaurants

D. Ray Kroc was a good businessman

4.The passage suggests that ＿＿＿.

A. creativity is an important element of business success

B. Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothers

C. Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray Kroc

D. California is the best place to go into business

5.Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A. Today McDonald’s is very popular in the world.

B. The first twenty-two years of McDonald’s is the most surprising success in American business history.

C. Mac and Dick McDonald were content with their business at first.

D. It is convenient to eat in a drive-in.

 

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