题目内容
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated(估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate(足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological(气象的) and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
1.What would be the best title for this passage?
A. The Difficulties of Learning English
B. International Communications
C. The Standard Varieties of English
D. English as a World Language
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B. There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C. It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D. People learn English for a variety of reasons.
3. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?
A. It was popular during Shakespeare’s time.
B. It is used in former British colonies.
C. It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D. It is a world language that is used for international communication.
4. What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?
A. The ability to read a newspaper.
B. Being able to speak several languages.
C. It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
D. Being a native speaker.
5.What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?
A. Those geographically close to the United States.
B. Those interested in the culture of the United States.
C. Former colonies of Great Britain.
D. Countries where international conferences are held.
1.D
2.A
3.D
4.C
5.C
【解析】
试题分析：在莎士比亚时代，估计说英语的人数是五百万。如今以英语为母语的人数大约是两亿六千万，但是对于那些有着自己的母语，而需要把英语作为工作语言使用的人数却是无法估计了。在本文中作者就英语的广泛使用进行了一些介绍。
1.D主旨大意题。文章开头讲述了如今说英语人数的增多，然后介绍英语的重要性以及英语被广泛使用的原因，由此推断D选项内容能够体现文章中心，故答案选D。
2.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English可以判断A选项内容错误。
3.D细节理解题。由文章末段The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language.可知英语的广泛需求是由于它目前作为世界语言的重要性造成的，答案选D。
4.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.可知C选项正确。
5.C细节理解题。根据文章第三段It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing
countries, especially former British colonies.可知在那些以前是英国殖民地的发展中国家英语的使用会更普遍，所以答案选C。
考点：考查社会知识类短文阅读。
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 41 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 42 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers 43 become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business--- 44 that the customer remains a customer.
45 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the 46 company loses between 10 and 30 percent of its customers every year. In constantly changing 47 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to these lost opportunities and calculate the 48 implications. 49 the number of customers a company loses can make a big 50 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five percent decrease in the number of defecting(流失的) customers led to 51 increases of between 25 and 85 percent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is 52 more than five thousand dollars over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or 53 on their first visit and 54 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 55 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer 56 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 57 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’s School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 58 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 59 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 60 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.”
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B
A sign is another kind of language. Here are some of them that you see on the roads.
Number one is a sign with the number thirty on it. When drivers see this sign, they must not go at more than thirty kilometers an hour. We see this sign when we are getting near a town. Number two is a sign that we’re near a crossing. We must drive carefully. Number three is a sign that there is a bend in the road. Again, we must drive slowly and carefully. It is not safe to go round a bend very fast. Number four is a sign that there is another road coming in from the right. There is a junction at this place. Number five is a sign that there is a hill and number six is a sign that the road gets narrow. Drivers must go slowly and carefully. Number seven has the word “SCHOOL” on it. This is a sign that there is a school at the side of the street or the road. Perhaps there are children going to or leaving school. So drivers must look carefully and go slowly. Number eight is a sign with the letter “P” on it. The letter “P” means “Parking”. At some places, there’re the signs “No parking” or “No waiting”. If a driver leaves his c
ar near one of these signs, a policeman may come and write down the number of his car. 61. At the places where you see Sign 1, ________.
A. you are already out of a town
B. you still have thirty kilometers to go
C. there must be a town thirty kilometers away
D. there must be many houses and buildings not far away
62. There stands Sign 2 near a place where________.
A. two roads cross B. people can cross the road
C. the roads get narrow D. there are no traffic lights
63. You have to drive not only slowly but also carefully when you find________.
A. each of the eight signs B. either of Signs 2 and 3
C. all of Signs 3, 5, 6 and 7 D. any of Signs 3, 5, 6 and 7
64. A driver can leave his car________.
A. near Sign 8 at any time
B. near a sign with “No parkin
g” on itC. near a sign with “No waiting” if there’re no police there
D. near a sign with “P” on it in the daytime
65. People put these signs on the roads to________.
A. show drivers the way B. stop cars going too fast
C. make driving even safer D. learn another kind of language
In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bikes to work every day. In New York, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They declare that if more people rode bikes to work, there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown part of the city and so less dirty air from car engines．
For several years, this group had been trying to get the city government to help bike riders． For example, they want the city to draw special lanes(车道) for bikes on some of the main streets, because when bike riders must use the same lanes as cars there are accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes, more people would use bikes．
But no bike lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea—they say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets don’t like the idea—they say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business．
The city government has not yet decided what to do． It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park—the largest place open ground in New York— is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bikes only．
【小题1】In New York, a group of bike riders__________．
| A．are keeping practicing for health |
| B．have no cars of their own |
| C．are complaining there are not enough buses |
| D．are trying to settle the problem of air pollution |
| A．bikes should be used instead of cars |
| B．bike lanes should be drawn |
| C．fewer buses or cars should be used |
| D．the number of special lanes should be decreased |
| A．they will make cars and buses run slowly |
| B．they will make it easier for bike riders to go to parks |
| C．they will make the city more beautiful |
| D．they will prevent accidents |