题目内容

Psychiatrists(精神病专家),who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset(资产) in child raising----older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with children. But raising kids takes money and energy, many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents’ biggest and often unspoken fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, “end up retiring much later.” For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.
Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he’s  also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he’s learned that, young at heart doesn’t mean young. Lately he’s been taking afternoon naps to keep up his energy.” My body is aging,” says Metcalf, “You can’t get away from that.”
Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. “They worry they’ll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they’ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school.” Says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist .But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one. “that they will not be alive long enough to support and protect their child, ” she says .
Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility(受孕) treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband, Randy, had twins. “We both wanted children,” says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, “a sense of family.”
Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. “The dads are older, more mature,” says Dr. Silber, “and more ready to focus on parenting.”
【小题1】Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child raising?
A Older parents can better balance their resources against children’s demands.
B Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.
C Older parents are often better prepared financially.
D Older parents can take better care of their children.
【小题2】What does the author mean by saying “For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream”
A They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.
B They can’t get full pension unless they work some extra years.
C They can’t obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.
D They are unwilling to retire when they reach their retirement age
【小题3】The author gives the examples of Henry Metcalf to show that______.
A many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age
B taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy
C older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies
D older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children
【小题4】What’s the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joann Galst?
A Being laughed at by other people           B Slowing down of their pace of life
C Being mistaken for grandparents           D Approaching of death
【小题5】What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?
A They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment
B Not until they had the twins did they feel had formed a family
C They believe that children born of older parents would be smarter.
D Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.


【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【小题5】B

解析

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Childhood is a happy time, right? Not necessarily. Consider these facts.

Depression(抑郁症) may occur in as many as 1 in 33 children.

Once a child has an episode(一段情节) of depression, he or she has a 50 percent chance of experiencing another episode in the next 5 years.

Suicide(自杀) is the 6th leading cause of death for 5–to–15-year-olds.

If your child experiences 5 or more of these signs or symptoms(症状) for at least 2 weeks, he or she may be experiencing depression or another mental illness.

Feeling——Does your child demonstrate:

Sadness               Emptiness

Hopelessness          Guilt

Worthlessness

Lack of enjoyment in everyday pleasures

Thinking ——Is your child having trouble:

Concentrating        Making decisions

Completing schoolwork

Maintaining grades

Maintaining friendships

Physical problems—Does your child complain of :

Headaches            Stomachaches

Lack of energy

Sleeping problems ( too much or too little)

Weight or appetite changes ( gain or loss)

Suicide risk--Does your child talk or think about:

Suicide

Death

Other morbid (生病的)subjects

Behavior problems ——Is your child:

Irritable                              Not wanting to go to school    

Wanting to be alone most of the time       Having difficulty getting along with others

Cutting classes or skipping school         Dropping out of sports, hobbies or other activities

Drinking alcohol or using drugs.

Sometimes, a child who causes problems at school or at home may actually be depressed, according to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. If you think your child may be depressed, it’s important to have your child treated. Discuss your child’s problems with his or her doctor. The doctor may suggest a referral to a children’s psychologist(心理医生)or psychiatrist(精神病医生).

Treatment may include individual and family therapy(治疗), along with an antidepressant medication (抗抑郁药)

This article is particularly written for ____.

A. parents    B. teachers     C. children     D. psychologists

Which statement describes a child who may have physical problems?

A. The child is always in high mood.

B. The child always feels tired but sleeps only four hours a day.

C. The child hates to study.  

D. The child can not concentrate on one thing for a long period.

When your child always talks about death or other morbid subjects, he or she___

A. may has trouble in thinking    B. may have suicide risk

C. may have behavior problems   D. may have physical problems

What should we do when we find our kids experiencing depression?

A. Ask for leave to accompany them at home.

B. Ask them to take antidepressant immediately.

C. Go to see the doctor.

D. Ask them to have a good rest.

“My name’s Jim Shelley and I’m an addict(有瘾的人)…”
With these words I began to 36  the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people  37 , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I 38  to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.
It started socially-a few calls each day. It seemed 39 , just a quick chat. Gradually though, the 40   got worse. Soon it was 41  use, until, finally, addiction.  And it began to affect(影响) my 42 . During the day I would disappear for 43  call. If I couldn’t make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more 44 , in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, 45 myself just one more call.
I was phoning people and 46 messages to make sure 47 calls would see me through the day. I used to arrive at friends’ homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the 48“Is it OK if I just use the phone…?” At work, I became 49  when my fellow workers tried to 50  me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss (with the phone). Finally, the police caught me 51  a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin, and I was 52 to see a psychiatrist(心理医生).
I haven’t 53  a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it’s several days 54  I used a phone box. I try not to watch TV because there are 55 people on it making phone calls. My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addict.

【小题1】
A.faceB.findC.acceptD.notice
【小题2】
A.now and thenB.all the timeC.at homeD.at work
【小题3】
A.triedB.askedC.waitedD.invited
【小题4】
A.politeB.importantC.fineD.special
【小题5】
A.conditionB.situation C.resultD.effect
【小题6】
A.frequentB.regularC.unusualD.particular
【小题7】
A.friendsB.studyC.familyD.work
【小题8】
A.a quickB.a secretC.an expectedD.an extra
【小题9】
A.hopefulB.delightedC.frightenedD.anxious
【小题10】
A.forcingB.tellingC.givingD.limiting
【小题11】
A.leavingB.takingC.passingD.recording
【小题12】
A.longB.immediateC.enoughD.surprising
【小题13】
A.sayingB.demandsC.wishD.words
【小题14】
A.carefulB.madC.determinedD.helpless
【小题15】
A.saveB.reduceC.protectD.stop
【小题16】
A.destroyingB.usingC.stealingD.emptying
【小题17】
A.offeredB.guidedC.orderedD.reminded
【小题18】
A.missedB.hadC.receivedD.fixed
【小题19】
A.asB.whenC.ifD.since
【小题20】
A.alwaysB.justC.moreD.different

For almost two months Dominic York, a 23-year-old hairdresser, wandered about hospitals all night, wearing a white coat and pretending he was a doctor. Yesterday he proudly claimed in court that despite his complete lack of medical experience or qualifications, he had saved several people’s lives. He had even been allowed to assist a surgeon during an emergency operation on a patient who was about to die on something she had swallowed.
“I watched one of those TV dramas about a hospital and suddenly I felt like playing one of the roles myself. So I put on a white jacket and a stethoscope(听诊器)and walked around one of the biggest hospital in London. At first I just watched. Once you learn how doctors talk to patients, nurses and others doctors, it’s easy to take people in,” he said.
One of the patients he treated was Laura Kennan. She had been knocked down by a car and fainted. When she came to in hospital, York was standing over her.
“He looked very professional. He told me his name was Doctor Simon. Then he gave me some sort of injection,” she said. And then he suddenly cleared off when a nurse asked who he was. She didn’t think there was anything wrong. “I would never have realized he was a fake if a policewoman hadn’t showed me his photograph a week later. When the policewoman told me who he really was, I could hardly believe my ears.”
Judge Raymond Adams told York that he was “ shocked and horrified” that he got away with his deceiving for so long. And they sentenced him to eighteen months in a special prison for criminal with mental disorders.
“I can only hope that this will not lead to further problems. After all, you will have considerable opportunity to study the behaviour of the psychiatrists(精神科医生)who will look after you while you are there. If you try to persuade people that you yourself are a psychiatrist after you are set free, I shall make sure that you are given a much longer sentence.” Judge Adams warned York.
【小题1】York was proud of the fact that ___________.

A.a surgeon let him watch an operation.
B.he could perform some duties of a doctor
C.he had cheated doctors for so long
D.people thought he could become a real doctor
【小题2】York learned how to behave like a doctor by __________.
A.watching other doctors work
B.talking to doctors and nurses
C.getting some training and experience
D.observing doctors while he was a patient
【小题3】Why was Laura Kennan in hospital?
A.She had swallowed something and almost died.
B.She had to have and emergency operation.
C.She had been injured in a road accident.
D.She had lost consciousness while driving.
【小题4】The judge’s remark implied that York would be more severely punished if he _________.
A.pretended to be a psychiatrist
B.tried to get away from prison
C.was proud of what he had done
D.studied the behaviour of the psychiatrist

Gorillas are born with an international sign language of gestures that they use to communicate,says a new study from the University of St Andrews in Scotland.

From beating their chests to putting objects on their heads,shaking their arms,and even bouncing on all fours,the animals use more than 100 gestures to communicate with each other

Professor Richard Byrne,a psychiatrist involved in the research,says it was hard to figure out the meanings of the gestures.

“We don't really know what the animals are thinking. Often the gestures have more than one meaning,depending on the context,”says Byrne.

The study showed that the gorillas did not learn the ges­tures from each other,as had been expected,but performed them instinctively (本能地).

“Everyone had assumed different groups of gorillas would learn different gestures,”he says. “But that's not what we found. The more sites we went to ,the more we saw the same gestures being used. They seem to be naturally equipped with a pretty complex system of communication.”

The study also found that gestures were performed with close attention to the potential audience,so that silent sig­nals,for example, were only given when other apes could see them. Other gestures,such as the "disco arm shake" were only ever seen directed towards humans.

Byrne believes that the findings may explain how the human language developed.

“There has always been speculation(猜测)that the origins of the human language might lie in gestures,”he says.

“Many researchers have therefore studied the gestural communication of the great apes for clues to the evolution­ary origins of human gestures,”he adds.

Several studies have shown that great apes are capable of imitating gestures. However,the scientists found that what appeared to be copies of human actions were actually gestures the apes were already able to make themselves. They're “reusing” gestures from their own repertoire,not learning new ones.

64.According to the passage,Richard Byrne's research has found      .

A. different groups of gorillas would learn different gestures

B. gorillas know the sign language from birth

C. how gorillas learn from each other

D. gorillas develop a variety of languages when growing up

65.Why can't the researchers really know the meanings of gorilla gestures?

A. Because gorillas possess the ability of making many kinds of gestures.

B. Because they haven't made deep research into the animal.

C. Because a gorilla gesture may have different meanings.

D. Because gorillas can't exactly express their thoughts.

66.If a gorilla wants to make a silent gesture towards another gorilla,he      .

A. needs to know how many other gorillas are watching him

B. needs to make noise first in order to draw attention

C. will first make sure his gesture can be seen

D. will first consider whether he can carry out his gesture

67.According to the passage,many scientists study the sign language of great apes in order to      .

A. find the origins of the human language

B. find ways for people to communicate with apes

C. learn how animals communicate

D. discover the meanings of animal gestures

 

When women sit together to watch a movie on TV, they usually talk simultaneously(同时的)about a variety of subjects, including children, men, careers and what’ s happening in their lives. When groups of men and women watch a movie together, the men usually end up telling the women to shut up. Men can either talk or watch the screen -- they can’ t do both -- and they don’ t understand that women can. Besides, women consider that the point of all getting together is to have a good time and develop relationships -- not just to sit there like couch potatoes staring at the screen.
During the ad breaks, a man often asks a woman to explain the plot and tell him where the relationship between the characters is going. He is unable, unlike women, to read the subtle body language signals that reveal how the characters are feeling emotionally. Since women originally spent their days with the other women and children in the group,  they developed the ability to communicate successfully in order to maintain relationships. For a woman, speech continues to have such a clear purpose: to build relationships and make friends. For men, to talk is to relate the facts.
Men see the telephone as a communication tool for sending facts and information to other people, but a woman sees it as a means of bonding. A woman can spend two weeks on vacation with her girlfriend and, when she returns home, telephone the same girlfriend and talk for another two hours.
There is no convincing evidence that social conditioning, the fact that girls’ mothers talked them more, is the reason why girls talk more than boys. Psychiatrist Dr Michael Lewis, author Social Behaviour and Language Acquisition, conducted experiments that found mothers talked to and looked at, baby girls more often than baby boys. Scientific evidence shows parents respond the brain bias of their children. Since a girl’ s brain is better organized to send and receive speech, we therefore talk to them more. Consequently, mothers who try to talk to their sons are usually pointed to receive only short grunts in reply

  1. 1.

    While watching TV with others, women usually talk a lot because they______.

    1. A.
      are afraid of awkward silence with their families and friends
    2. B.
      can both talk and watch the screen at the same time
    3. C.
      think they can have a good time and develop relationships
    4. D.
      have to explain the plot and body language to their husbands
  2. 2.

    After a vacation with her girlfriend, a woman would talk to her again on the phone for hours in order to ______.

    1. A.
      experience the happy time again
    2. B.
      keep a close tie with her
    3. C.
      recommend her a new scenic spot
    4. D.
      remind her of something forgotten
  3. 3.

    What does the author want to tell us most?

    1. A.
      Women’ s brains are better organized for language and communication
    2. B.
      Women love to talk because they are more sociable than men
    3. C.
      Men do not like talking because they rely more on facts
    4. D.
      Social conditioning is not the reason why women love talking
  4. 4.

    Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Women Are Socially Trained to Talk
    2. B.
      Talking Maintains Relationships
    3. C.
      Women Love to Talk
    4. D.
      Men Talk Differently from Women

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